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78 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Rubeola is measles, Rubella = ? measles |
German |
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Rubeola has ____ RNA, is ___________, enveloped with _____ & ___ spikes |
Negative, helical, H & F spikes |
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Rubeola was eliminated in |
2000 |
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Most cases of rubeola in us are imported from |
Europe or Asia
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The reservoir for both Rubeola and Rubella is |
Humans |
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Rubeola and Rubella are both transmitted via aerosols but Rubella is also |
Congenital |
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Rubeola is contagious ___ days before rash and __ days after |
4 |
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Rubella is contagious ___ days before rash and __ days after |
7 |
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While rubeola and rubella have the same average incubation times, which is usually longer? |
Rubella |
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Which disease results in koplik spots in mouth before rash? |
Rubeola |
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Symptoms of Rubeola include |
Headache, pink eye, cough, high fever, raised rash, and kopek spots |
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Rubeola complication 7-10 years later |
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis |
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How many cases will have encephalitis after rubeola |
1/1000 |
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Rubeola has a raised rash while rubella has a |
flat rash |
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Rubella's rash begins on the |
face |
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Complications of rubeola include ____________ infection & __________________ |
middle ear infection, pneumonia |
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Encephalitis can result in |
permanent brain damage |
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Before measles vaccine most people got disease by age |
15 |
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Subacute sclerosing panencphalitis is rare and occurs in |
males |
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Rubella has ____, enveloped, _________________ RNA with __________________ spikes |
Positive RNA, icosahedral, E glycoproteins |
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The family of Rubeola |
Paramyxoviridae |
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The family of rubella |
Togaviridae |
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Rubella eliminated from US in |
2004 |
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US cases from Africa, SE Asia, East Mediterranean are |
Rubella |
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Symptoms of Rubella include ______ fever, ________ rash on face to trunk, and ____________________________ |
mild fever, flat rash, congenital rubella syndrome |
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Congenital rubella syndrome can effect |
heart, eyes, ears. Causes deafness, cataracts, heart defects, mental impairment or death |
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The last major epidemic of Rubella Cong. syndrome was in |
1960s |
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Prevention of Rubeola and Rubella includes |
MMR vaccine at 12-15 months, second at 4-6 years |
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Rabies family |
Rhabodoviridae |
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Genus of rabies |
Lyssavirus |
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Rabies is ________ stranded, ___________ RNA that is enveloped |
Single stranded (-) RNA |
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Rabies shape |
bullet/helical |
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Source of rabies (3) |
saliva in bite/scratch from infected animal, corneal transplant, solid organ transplant |
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Reservoirs of rabies |
bats, raccoons, fox, coyote, skunks |
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Rabies replicates in? |
muscles/connective tissues |
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In this disease, incubation varies depending on site of infection |
Rabies |
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90% of rabies worldwide is from |
dogs |
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2 kinds of rabies |
paralytic (dumb) or furious |
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Furious rabies |
excited/hyperactive state, hydrophobia, aerophobia |
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Paralytic/dumb rabies |
depressed activity, lethargic, uncoordinated, paralyzed throat/jaw, trouble swallowing |
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Diagnosis of Rabies includes |
DFA test for proteins, Negri bodies, FA test of brainstem |
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Diagnosis of rubella and rubeola |
IgM antibodies & PCR |
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Treatment of Rabies includes these |
HDCV, HRIG |
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HDCV or "Human diploid cell" vaccine |
given 5 injections over 28 days |
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HRIG |
Based on body weight, "human rabies immunoglobulin" |
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Areas free of rabies because of ? |
GB, NZ, Hawaii b/c rigid quarantine |
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Arbovirus |
Arthropod borne |
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WNV is an |
arbovirus |
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WNV is transmitted via what species of mosquito? or from? |
Culex spp. or organ/blood donations |
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WNV is tested for using |
PCR |
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Family of WNV |
Flaviridae |
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Genus of WNV |
Flavivirus |
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WNV is _______ stranded, __________ RNA & enveloped |
Single stranded (+) RNA |
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WNV incubation is _____-_____ days, but can last for several _____________ |
3-14 days, several weeks |
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1937 started WNV in |
Uganda |
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First case of WNV in us was in |
1999 |
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Primary cycle of WNV |
Mosquito -> bird -> mosquito |
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Dead end hosts of WNV |
horses, humans |
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Most WNV are |
Asymptomatic |
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20% of WNV experience |
headache, fever, rash on trunk, swollen lymph glands |
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0.7% WNV experience |
Neuroinvasive symptoms (Encephalitis/meningitis) = fever, stiff neck, headache, coma, tremors, muscle weakness |
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WNV is a Febrile illness meaning |
you have a fever but cause is uncertain |
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WNV diagnosis |
Isolating Antigen from blood, tissue, CSF or other, Demontrating IgM to WNV in CSF, or Elisa method |
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Prevention of WNV |
DEET, protective clothing, avoid feeding times, drain standing water |
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Reservoir of WNV |
Birds = amplifier |
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Polio family |
Picornaviridae |
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Polio genus |
Enterovirus |
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Polio is __________ stranded, ______ RNA with no ______________. it is very ___________ |
single stranded (+) rna, no envelope, very small |
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Original purpose of march of dimes in 1938 was |
Polio reserach |
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Polio has ______________ transmission |
fecal/oral |
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Polio is viremic meaning it is present in |
blood |
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Polio replicates in |
throat & small intestine |
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Polio invades ______________ tissues |
lymphatic - tonsils, peyer patches, neck lymph nodes |
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Most people with polio are asymptomatic or experience ______ before recovery |
Sore throat/mild nausesa |
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If viremia persists in polio patients... (1%) |
Penetration of CNS occurs, motor nerve cells of upper spinal cord are infected, cells die producing paralysis |
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Salk vaccine for polio is __________, _____________ |
Oral, attenuated |
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Which polio vaccine is still alive? |
Salk |
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Sabin vaccine for polio is ____________, __________ |
inactivated, injectable |
