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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What hormones does the anterior pituitary affect?
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Luteinizing hormone,
follicle stimulating hormone thyroid stimulating hormone Growth hormone prolactin Adrenocorticotrophic hormone |
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What organs does the anterior pituitary affect?
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adrenal gland, liver, bone, thyroid gland, and gonads.
The anterior pituitary itself is regulated by the hypothalamus and by negative feedback from these target organs. |
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2. What are the two main corticoid hormones and how do they differ?
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Corticosteroids
• Glucocorticoids that act on glucose • Mineralcorticoids that act on mineral salts |
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3. What are the side effects of glucocorticoids?
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a. High glucose
b. Abnormal Fat distribution c. Skin thinning d. Immunosuppression |
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4. Why don’t we ever just stop steroids without weaning?
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–After high levels of drug therapy, adrenal suppression results
–Abrupt cessation of drug means there is insufficient time for HPA axis to return to normal –Withdrawal symptoms = hypotension, hypoglycemia, myalgia, arthralgia, and fatigue… this can be life-threatening! |
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5. What is the main function of aldosterone (mineralocorticoid)?
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–Stimulates reabsorption of Na+
•Release triggered by BP, blood volume, Na+ levels –Keeps K+ in balance |
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6. What does too much thyroid hormone do to the body? Too little?
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Hypothyroid: When thyroid hormone levels are too low, the body's cells can't get enough thyroid hormone and the body's processes start slowing down. As the body slows, you may notice that you feel colder, you tire more easily, your skin is getting drier, you're becoming forgetful and depressed, and you've started getting constipated. Because the symptoms are so variable and non-specific, the only way to know for sure whether you have hypothyroidism is with a simple blood test for TSH.
Hyperthyroid: Thyroid hormone plays a significant role in the pace of many processes in the body. These processes are called your metabolism. If there is too much thyroid hormone, every function of the body tends to speed up. It is not surprising then that some of the symptoms of hyperthyroidism are nervousness, irritability, increased perspiration, heart racing, hand tremors, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, thinning of your skin, fine brittle hair and weakness in your muscles—especially in the upper arms and thighs. You may have more frequent bowel movements, but diarrhea is uncommon. You may lose weight despite a good appetite and, for women, menstrual flow may lighten and menstrual periods may occur less often. Since hyperthyroidism increases your metabolism, many individuals initially have a lot of energy. However, as the hyperthyroidism continues, the body tends to break down, so being tired is very common. |
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7. Patient teaching regarding I-131 RF ablation
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You should not eat or drink after midnight on the day of the procedure. If you have been taking anti-thyroid medications, you must stop at least three days before the therapy is given.
You will be able to return home following radioactive iodine treatment, but you should avoid prolonged, close contact with other people for several days, particularly pregnant women and small children. The majority of the radioactive iodine that has not been absorbed leaves the body during the first two days following the treatment, primarily through the urine. Small amounts will also be excreted in saliva, sweat, tears, vaginal secretions, and feces. If your work or daily activities involve prolonged contact with small children or pregnant women, you will want to wait several days after your treatment to resume these activities. Patients with infants at home should arrange for care to be provided by another person for the first several days after treatment. Your radiologist can be more specific for your given situation, but usually this time period is only two to four days. |
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8. What is DDAVP and what is it used for?
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Posterior Pituitary Replacement
•Prototype: Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) Indications: Neurogenic Diabetes Insipidus (DI) and enuresis |
