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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Tran Hung Dao
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defeated the Mongols in the 13th C
father of Vietnamese guerilla warfare created an official army |
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village education
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each village had a teacher
high level of literacy thanks to him no Vietnamese written language, all Chinese Confucian relationship btwn teacher and student |
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New History
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Vietnam has a long history of fighting off foreign invaders & that is their identity
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National Creation Myth
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show Vietnam over China
legitimize Vietnamese claim over mountain & coastal areas Vietnamese way of coming to terms w/ Chinese ancestry |
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Hung Kings
The Kingdom Of Van Lang |
first Vietnamese dynasty
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Zhou Dynasty
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expand southward in 200 B.C.E.
"pacification" i.e. Vietnam already belonged to China first period of colonization of Vietnam |
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The Trung Sisters
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establish an army of 80,000 men in 40 C.E.
liberate over 60 fortresses semi-revolutionary & communist ideas defeated in 43 C.E. executed or suicide? |
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Trieu Tri Binh
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248 C.E.
peasant woman raises an army in the mountain areas liberated Vietnam for 6 months suicide |
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Ngo Quyen
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successfully gains independence for Vietnam, 939
creates a kingdom based on the Chinese model: military, civil service, schools, imperial court. become part of the Chinese Tributary System Change the name of the Kingdom to Dai Viet |
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Quoc Tu Giam
National School |
1075, Hanoi
civil service school students have taken all the tests & all the steps towards becoming civil servants imperial exams |
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Mandate of Heaven
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Confucianist
used by dynasties to justify one taking over the other justifies disobedience by subjects |
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Social Hierarchy
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Emperor
Scholars/Madarins Peasants Artisans Merchants & Traders Others |
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Five Great Relationships
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Emperor/Subject
Father/Son Husband/Wife Older/younger brothers Friend/friend |
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Three Obeidences
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Father/Daughter
Husband/Wife Son/Mother |
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Expansion into Champa
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North needed more space
preemptive strike better place for agriculture to develop |
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Port of Faifo (Hoi An)
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major trade city
Catholic Churches foreign traders: Japanese, Portugese, Chinese |
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Alexandre De Rhodes
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Jesuit missionary
1615, makes his way into Champa (S. Vietnam) 1630, expelled from Vietnam by the emperor creates the national language, catechism, & dictionary for Quoc Ngu |
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Foreign Missions of Paris
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1658, by de Rhodes
establishes a mandate to send more missionaries to Asia beginning of colonization in Asia |
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Quoc Ngu
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hybrid characters using Chinese
Romanization of the oral language Alexandre de Rhodes uses Roman alphabet, French phonetics. rejected by the elite easier to learn, can incorporate Chinese & French terms, folk tales, etc. reduced the gap btwn rich & poor more literacy dissemination of ideas |
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Pacification of Tonkin
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1885-1896
Attempt to take over Tonkin. Constant resistance. Eventually Tonkin & Annam become part of the French protectorate |
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Phan Dinh Phung
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traditional scholar
retreats to the mountains & builds army that attacks Catholic villages Brother is captured by the French who offer to spare his brothers life if Phung gives himself up. He refuses the New History |
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The Mandate of Paul Doumer
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economic head for the colony of Vietnam, 1897-1902
Personal tax: everyone must pay labor tax: every male must pay 10-20 days of labor to the gov't land tax: based on how much land is potentially able to yield indirect taxes: goods, services, customs, etc. monopolies: opium, salt, alcohol all taxes had to be paid by the individual not the village plantation economy |
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The Trinh Lords
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warlods from N. Vietnam
Challenge the ruling Le dynasty for power have to ally themselves with the Le to take down the Mac |
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Nguyen Lords
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S. Vietnam
Want to take down the Trinh Lords & the Le dynasty Ally with the Trinh & Le against the Mac later colonize Champa Ally w/ Catholic missionaries to get funding 1802, defeat enemies, establish dynasty |
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The Mac
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Chinese descent
want to take over the Le dynasty |
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Tay Son Rebellion
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popular among peasants
defeated by the Nguyen in 1802 |
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The Nguyen Dynasty
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capital becomes Hue
Champa is under Nguyen rule Confucian style bureaucracy Emperor Nguyen Any |
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Nguyen persecutions of Catholics
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1833, edicts banning Christianity
priests publicly executed if they refused to renounce Christianity attacks on Catholic villages Vietnamese converts branded & executed French missionaries send to Paris for help |
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French intervention, 1858
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decided to invade Da Nang just S. of Hue
Why would they want to invade? Not satisfied w/ opening ports |
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Treaty of Saigon
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1862
Gives France 6 Vietnamese provinces in S. Vietnam Access to the Me Kong Delta trying to avoid war w/ France |
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Scholars Resistance Movement
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1862
Saigon & the 6 provinces administrators who refuse to cooperate w/ the Treaty Claim the Nguyen don't have the Mandate of Heaven some try to mount an armed insurrection Others simply move back to their home villages Fails |
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1864
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The French begin moving into N. Vietnam
Intending to take it all by force |
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1885
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Nguyen dynasty recognizes French rule in S. Vietnam
French protection in the center & N. Signs another treaty w/ France basically handing all the country over The French don't remove the establish order for fear of rebellion |
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Phan Boi Chau
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Chinese style education
Family becomes anti-colonialism Pro-armed struggle & resistance Asked the Japanese to allow Vietnamese youth to train w/ Japanese military Mandarinate positions weren't corrupt, just the ppl in those positions To The East Movement |
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Dong Du Movement
To The East Movement |
Phan Boi Chau
Looking towards the east for solutions Japan especially. |
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Phan Chu Trinh
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Chinese education
Monarchy & Mandarinate are the problem in Vietnamese society Wants constitutional monarchy Destory the Mandarinate |
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Tay Du Movement
To The West Movement |
focuses on Western ideas for solutions
independence through education Vietnamese need a western education in order to defeat the West Phan Chu Trinh Tonkin Free School, 1907 |
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Tonkin Free School
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1907
Phan Chu Trinh Vietnamese literature in Quoc Ngu Vietnamese history French history & culture Girls allowed sciences allowed to operate by the french Publish lectures & other works funding independent of the French gov't |
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Chau & Poison Plot
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1907
plot to poison French officers in Tonkin French put Chau in prison Can't execute him, b/c he's so popular w/ the ppl Chau goes under house arrest |
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Trinh & Strikes
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1908
Calling for a nationalistic movement French shut down the Tonkin Free Schools Founding members arrested Trinh accused of provoking the workers & peasants to go on strike Trinh exiled to France |
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Bui Quang Chieu
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French education
family co-operates w/ French rule studies in Paris becomes an agriculture engineer Sees colonialism as a necessary evil in order for Vietnamese society to develop La Tribune Indigene Economic Nationalism Access to education for all Transferred away by the French Assassinated in 1945 by the ICP |
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Constitutionalist Party
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1917
Bui Quang Chieu Want to obtain a constitution for Vietnam Autonomy |
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Pham Quynh
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Chinese & French education
Language & literature eventual autonomy of Vietnam will come w/ cultural development Cultural Nationalism: develop the culture & autonomy will follow importance of Quoc Ngu: can incorporate so many ideas, ultimate way to develop culture Eastern Current Executed by ICP in 1945 |
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Students & Workers in France
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Workers going to France to help w/ the war effort
Students becoming the intellectual elite Realizing that they're not the only ones suffering under colonialism Become aware of social hierarchy issues |
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Death of Phan Chu Trinh
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1926
Student mobilization: wish to attend his funeral French refuse to allow students to attend Students walk out of schools Student arrests Students expelled & barred from school Discontented intellectuals Student anti-colonialist movement Bui Quang Chieu writes anti-French editorials |
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French Repression
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Press: censored, lockdown on Quoc Ngu press
Assembly: no gatherings Association: becoming a member of an association needed permission from the French gov't Sanctions against students |
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Cao Dai
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religion
Division btwn more political & more spiritual One group is anti-French & allies w/ the Japanese After Communism enters Vietnam, the Cao Dai become a target & ally w/ the French |
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Vietnamese Nationalist Party
Vietnam Quoc Dn Dang |
1927
3 People's Principles: Nationalism, Democracy, Socialism Founder: Nguyen Thai Hoc, French educational system Overthrow French colonial rule Assassination of Bazin, 1929 Yen Bay Mutiny, 1930 |
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Assassination of Bazin
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1929
Marked the beginning of the VNQDD Growing resentment against plantation recruiters |
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Yen Bay Mutiny
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1930
recruited Vietnamese military men under French officers members of a battalion kill their French officers Less Vietnamese soldiers, more French officers, as a result |
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Nguyen Thai Hoc
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Founded VNDQQ, 1927
Arrested & executed publicly |
