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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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MLK Jr. |
-nonviolence civil rights activist
-believed in peaceful protest (sit-ins, boycotts, marches) -wanted to unite people -hoped for reconciliation and creation of beloved community |
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Malcom X |
-believed violence was more effective -aggressive civil rights activist -wanted black power, economic autonomy, and self defense -becoming more peaceful before he was murdered |
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Stokely Carmichael |
-peace and violence -in between MLK and Malcom X -many sit-ins leader of the black panthers |
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Booker T. Washington |
-convinced Southerners his education would keep blacks down on the farm -passive -wanted long-term black equality -wanted to build black pride and strength but over time |
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Civil Rights Act of 1964 |
-could not be denied service due to their skin color -forbid federal funds from creating discriminatory programs -desegregated schools -barred gender/race discrimination unions |
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Civil Rights Act of 1968 |
-Fair Housing Act: prohibited discrimination regarding sale, rental, or financing based on religion, sex, or race -was uneffective |
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Voting Rights Act of 1965 |
-banned literacy tests that decided who could vote -allowed gov. to investigate poll taxes |
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Plessy v. Ferguson |
-1892 -Home Plessy refused to sit in a Jim Crow car on a train (breaking Louisiana's law) -Court ruled it was only a "legal distinction" between blacks and whites |
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Brown v. Board of Ed |
-1954 -Chief Justice Earl Warren -stated racial segregation was a violation of 14th amendment -did not entirely end segregation in schools -sparked civil rights movement |
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Little Rock Nine |
-nine black students at who first attended Little Rock HS when it was first desegregated -not warmly welcomed -were escorted by the national army |
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Montgomery Bus Boycott |
-Led by MLK Jr. -boycott of the entire bus system until they desegregated busses -response to Rosa Parks being jailed |
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W.E.B. Dubois |
-wanted immediate black equality -wanted black power, pride, and strength |
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Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) |
-founded by MLK Jr. -nonviolent -religious -sought justice |
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Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) |
-gave younger black's a voice -usually sit-ins (very peaceful) -wanted social change, not just desegregation |
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Tet Offensive |
-North Vietnamese and VietCong launched an attack on S. Vietnam -largest military campaign of the war -US citizens saw live video of war -ultimate US victory after having to send over 200,000 more men |
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Gulf Tonkin Resolution |
-excuse for US to join the war -SS Maddox (US ship) reported seeing torpedoes on a Northern Vietnam ship -Pres. Johnson took this as an excuse to get involved |
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My Lai Massacre |
-US troops massacre innocent men, women, children, and elderly in S Vietnam town My Lai -government tried unsuccessfully to cover it up -led to more anti-war supporters -400/500 deaths in total |
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Anti-War Movement |
-popular with younger generations -many believed it was not our war to get involved in |
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Domino Theory |
-didn't want the spread of communism so US used this as an excuse to join the war |
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Kent State 1970 |
-Ohio national guards fired into a peaceful protest on Kent State campus -few fatalities, many casualties -fueled anti-war beliefs |
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Politics During War |
-Hawks-pro war -Doves-anti war -Washington, DC-popular place for protests (May Day protest) -Nixon had promised to remove troops from Vietnam but instead the opposite happened - |
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Operation Cedar Falls |
-search and destroy operation -led mainly by US -wanted to eradicate the "Iron Triangle" (area near Saigon which was housing VC) |
