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5 Cards in this Set
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Vietminh
Ho Chi Minh |
Complex foreign policy. American good intention gone bad. Referred as one of the greatest foreign policy disaster taken over by French in 1860. Begin fighting for their independence.
Vietminh-patriotic organization, movement for independence. Leader-Ho Chi Minh. During WWII, Vietnam fights against Japanese. After WWII ended, still needs assistance. Ho Chi Minh requested assistance from US, but we cant help. So, he goes to Soviets. 1949-China becomes communist, borders Vietnam, heading towards Cold War conflict. French trying to reestablish Vietnam divided into north and south. North ruled by Ho Chi Minh, South ruled by the French. French having trouble establishing authority, turns to US, and they pay expenses.1953- US pay for 2/3 of expenses in the French effort. This is to stop the spread of Communism. Potential Cold War conflict. Despite effort, French still losing. |
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Dien Bien Phu
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1954- turning point. Dien Bien Phu was a French Possesion in N. Vietnam, Vietnamese occupied high ground. French surrendered May 1954.
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Geneva Accords
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July 1954- conference Geneva Accord. Sole topic was Indochina. US and S. Vietnam did not attend, and thereby don’t have to abide by any rules.
Geneva Accords: 1. Laos and Cambodia will be neutral 2. Vietnam will be officially divided at the 17th parallel. N. Vietnam’s capital was Hanoi, and S. Vietnam’s capital was Saigon. They would remain divided for 2 years, and then there would be an election in 1956. Winner would rule united Vietnam. 1956-election not held. |
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Ngo Dinh Diem
Viet Cong |
French wants to get out, US wants to get in. Pres. of S. Vietnam Ngo Dinh Diem, no way he could have won the election. Converted to Catholicism. Diem wants assistance. Eisenhower grants assistance on one condition: Diem has to promise that he will make democratic reform, and Eisenhower will give economic assistance and military advisors to train the military. Does not have democratic reform, people oppose Diem, called Viet Cong, S. Vietnamese who fought against Diem and S. Vietnam, Gorilla style warfare. Not pleased with Diem. Don’t know how to identify Viet Cong, Alies with N. Vietnam. Viet Cong has a cave network underground.
Kennedy took office in 1961. Sends more military advisors, no combat troops. Deception: S. Vietnam army inflating their kill ratios, and Deim Promised democratic reform, protested Diem by Buddhist monks. |
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Tonkin Gulf Incident (1964)
Tonkin Gulf Resolution (1964) |
Nov 1963- S.V generals proposed an overthrow of Diem, approved and then he was assassinated.
1963- Johnson became president. Did not want to get out of Vietnam. Vietnam caused Johnson the presidency. Aug. 1960 Tokin Gulf Incident- American USS Maddox reported being attacked by N. Vietnamese. No damage. Ordered to go back to the Gulf, and attacked again. Responds with Tokin Gulf Resolution. Joint resolution, congress authorized Johnson to do whatever he wants. Wants approval from US public. Johnson asked for a madate from people. March 1963- 1st combat troops. |
