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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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All living organisms are composed of cells; the cell is the basic unit of life; cells arise from pre-existing cells.
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Cell Theory
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____ involve interactions between communities and their environment.
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Ecosystems
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____ consist of populations (groups of organisms of the same species) in a given geographic area.
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Communities
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____ includes everything from people to plants
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The Environment
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A single individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form.
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Organism
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Systems that work together to keep the body functioning normally.
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Organ Systems
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A collection of tissues joined in a structural unit to serve a common function.
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Organs
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A group of cells with both a shared structure and function.
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Tissues
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The basic structure unit of all organisms.
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Cells
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Its main role is to provide support for the body, to protect delicate internal organs and to provide attachment sites for the organs.
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Skeletal System
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Bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments.
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Major Organs of the Skeletal System
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Its main role is to provide movement, and also control the movement of materials through some organs.
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Muscular System
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Skeletal and smooth muscles throughout the body.
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Major Organs of the Muscular System
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Its main role is to relay electrical signals through the body, direct behavior and movement, and control physiological processes.
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Nervous System
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Brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.
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Major Organs of the Nervous System
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Its main role is to transport nutrients, gases, hormones, and wastes throughout the body.
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Circulatory System
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Heart, blood vessels, and blood.
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Major Organs of the Circulatory System
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Its main role is to provide gas exchange between the blood and the environment. Primarily, oxygen is absorbed from the atmosphere in the body and carbon dioxide is expelled from the body.
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Respiratory System
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Nose, trachea, and lungs.
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Major Organs of the Respiratory System
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Its main role is to break down and absorb nutrients that are necessary for growth and maintenance.
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Digestive System
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Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines.
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Major Organs of the Digestive System
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The blueprint of life instructing cells how to develop and how to function; it is found in the nucleus of the cell.
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DNA
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A sequence of DNA that determines a particular trait.
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Gene
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Another name for gene.
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Allele
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The more common gene or allele that overpowers a recessive and shows up in a population more often.
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Dominant Gene/Allele
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The weaker, less common gene or allele in a given pair.
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Recessive Gene/Allele
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Result of a cross between two parents.
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Offspring
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Reproductive cells that contain one half of an individual's DNA.
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Gametes
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The passage of genetic instructions from one generation to the next.
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Heredity
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Reproduction where an exact copy of the parent's genetic material is passed on to the offspring; most common in simple one-celled organisms.
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Asexual Reproduction
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Ability to generate extensive amounts of genetic diversity, ability to produce variable offspring, some of which will have improved chances of survival in changing environments.
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Sexual Reproduction
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