Vht Ii - Test 3

Front 1

What is Famotidine used for?

Back 1

To treat stomach ulcers and heartburn

Front 2

What drug class does Famotidine belong to?

Back 2

H2-blocker (H2-antagonist)

Front 3

What does RAAS stand for?

Back 3

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

Front 4

What is RAAS?

Back 4

A critical regulator of blood volume and systemic vascular resistance

Front 5

What is renin?

Back 5

An enzyme that helps control BP and maintain healthy levels of sodium and potassium in the animal's body

Front 6

What is another name for renin?

Back 6

Angiotensinogenase

Front 7

What releases renin?

Back 7

Kidneys

Front 8

What is chyme?

Back 8

Partially digested food in an animal's stomach

Front 9

What is chyle?

Back 9

A mixture of lipids and lymph fluid in the lymphatic system

Front 10

What is an H2 blocker?

Back 10

H2 antagonist

Front 11

What are 2 examples of H2 blockers?

Back 11

Ranitidine

Famotidine

Front 12

What are H2 blockers used for?

Back 12

To treat duodenal ulcers and prevent their return

Front 13

What is intestinal motility?

Back 13

Movement of food from the mouth through the pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, and out of the body

Front 14

What 3 drugs increase intestinal motility?

Back 14

Ranitidine

Metoclopramide

Cisapride

Front 15

What is Metoclopramide used for?

Back 15

To stimulate stomach and upper small intestinal movement to prevent esophageal reflux

Front 16

What 2 drug classes does Metoclopramide belong to?

Back 16

Antiemetic

Prokinetic agents

Front 17

What is used to treat an anaerobic bacterial intestinal infection?

Back 17

Metronidazole

Front 18

What is Methocarbamol used for?

Back 18

To relieve the discomfort caused by acute painful muscle or bone conditions

Front 19

What drug class does Methocarbimol belong to?

Back 19

Muscle relaxer

Front 20

What drug class does Metronidazole belong to?

Back 20

Antibiotics

Front 21

What might you administer to a patient if they are constantly regurgitating?

Back 21

Metoclopramide

Front 22

What is regurgitation?

Back 22

The action of bringing swallowed food up from the stomach

Front 23

What 2 drugs treat nausea?

Back 23

Cerenia (Maropitant)

Metoclopramide

Front 24

What is Maropitant?

Back 24

Cerenia

Front 25

What drug class does Maropitant belong to?

Back 25

Antiemetic

Front 26

What drugs are used to treat vestibular disease?

Back 26

Maropitant (Cerenia)

Metoclopramide

Meclizine

Front 27

What is meclizine?

Back 27

An antihistamine that treats motion sickness and vertigo

Front 28

What drug class is meclizine?

Back 28

H1 antagonist

Front 29

What is Meclizine used to treat?

Back 29

Vestibular disease

Front 30

What is ondansetron used to treat?

Back 30

Severe nausea and vomiting

Front 31

Ondansetron drug class

Back 31

Antiemetic

Front 32

What drugs stop vomiting?

Back 32

Maropitant (Cerenia)

Metoclopramide

Ondansetron

Front 33

What is sucralfate used for?

Back 33

Tx of ulcers and erosions occuring in the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and small intestine

Front 34

Sucralfate drug class

Back 34

Protectants

Front 35

Furosemide uses (5)

Back 35

Edema

Congestive heart failure

Liver disease

Kidney disease

Hyperkalemia

Front 36

Furosemide drug class

Back 36

Diuretic

Front 37

What is Furosemide?

Back 37

Potassium wasting diuretic

Front 38

Drugs to treat gastric ulcers (4)

Back 38

Sucralfate

Omeprazole

Ranitidine

Famotidine

Front 39

What is cholangitis?

Back 39

Infection of the liver's bile ducts

Front 40

What drugs treat cholangitis? (5)

Back 40

Doxycyline

Clindamycin

Marbofloxacin

Cefazolin

Ursodiol

Front 41

What is Spironolactone?

Back 41

Potassium-sparing diuretic

Front 42

What drug class is Spironolactone?

Back 42

Diuretic

Front 43

What diseases is Spironolactone used to treat?

Back 43

High BP

Heart failure

Front 44

What is amlopidine used to treat?

Back 44

Hypertension in cats

Front 45

amlodipine drug class

Back 45

Calcium channel blocker

Front 46

Is amlodipine commonly used in dogs?

Back 46

No

Front 47

What is used to treat hypertension in dogs?

Back 47

Enalapril

Benazepril

Front 48

What drugs are used to treat heart failure? (3)

Back 48

Pimobendan

Furosemide

Spironolactone

Front 49

Pimobendan drug class

Back 49

Inodilator

Front 50

Enalapril drug class

Back 50

ACE inhibitor

Front 51

What does ACE inhibitor stand for?

Back 51

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor

Front 52

Benazepril drug class

Back 52

ACE inhibitor

Front 53

What is Enalapril used to treat?

Back 53

Hypertension

Front 54

What is benazepril used to treat?

Back 54

Hypertension

Front 55

What is peristaltic?

Back 55

Peristalsis

(involuntary contraction and relaxation of muscles in GI tract)

Front 56

What drugs are used to inhance peristalsis? (2)

Back 56

Cisapride

Metoclopramide

Front 57

What is the hepatic portal vein?

Back 57

A blood vessel that carries blood to the liver from the intestines, spleen, pancreas, and gall bladder

Front 58

Where does the hepatic portal vein move blood to?

Back 58

From liver to the heart

Front 59

Drugs that treat ascites (2)

Back 59

Spironolactone

Furosemide

Front 60

What is hemolyzed?

Back 60

breakdown of RBCs

Front 61

Drugs that treat hemolysis (2)

Back 61

Cyclosporine

Azathioprine

Front 62

What is icteric?

Back 62

Jaundice

Front 63

What treats icterus?

Back 63

No specific treatment

Front 64

What is lipemic?

Back 64

Fat in blood

Front 65

What treats lipemia?

Back 65

Fish oil (Omega-3 Fatty acids)

Front 66

What is bile?

Back 66

Digestive fluid produced by the liver and stored in the gall bladder

Front 67

What is renin?

Back 67

An enzyme secreted by the kidneys that helps control BP

Front 68

What are villi?

Back 68

small vascular projections in the small intestine

Front 69

What are lacteals?

Back 69

Lymphatic vessels of the small intestine

Front 70

What is chyle?

Back 70

Partially digested fat in the lymph system

Front 71

What is chyme?

Back 71

Partially digested food in the stomach

Front 72

What empties into the cranial vena cava?

Back 72

Right thoracic duct

Front 73

What is the aortic arch?

Back 73

Part of the circulatory system that goes from the heart to the rest of the body

Front 74

omeprazole drug class

Back 74

proton-pump inhibitor

Front 75

What is omeprazole used for?

Back 75

Tx of

heartburn

Stomach ulcers

Front 76

What are the Perkinje fibers?

Back 76

Specific heart muscle tissue responsible for the generation of the heart impulses

Front 77

What is the heart's electrical system?

Back 77

SA node, AV node, Bundle of HIS, AV bundle, Purkinje fibers

Front 78

What is the phrenic nerve?

Back 78

A nerve that provides the primary motor supply to the diaphragm

Front 79

What is Inotrope?

Back 79

A drug class that controls the strength of each heart beat

Front 80

What 3 drugs from class Inotrope?

Back 80

Epinephrine

Norepinephrine

Dopamine

Front 81

What is a chronotrope?

Back 81

Drugs that change the heart rate

Front 82

What is included in class Chronotrope?

Back 82

Lidocaine

Front 83

What are inotropic medications used for?

Back 83

Tx of

Canine dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)

Valvular insufficiency

Front 84

What are chronotropic drugs used for?

Back 84

Arrhythmias

Front 85

What does lub mean?

Back 85

Ventricular contraction

Front 86

What does dub mean?

Back 86

Closure of aortic and pulmonary valves

Front 87

What is the mitral valve?

Back 87

Left AV valve / bicuspid valve

Front 88

What drugs are used to treat tachycardia? (2)

Back 88

Sotalol

Atenolol

Front 89

What is stroke volume?

Back 89

The volume of blood that is pumped out of the left ventricle of the heart during each systolic cardiac contraction

Front 90

What drugs increase stroke volume?

Back 90

Vasodilators

Front 91

another name for the tricuspid valve

Back 91

Right AV valve

Front 92

What diseases is acepromazine used for?

Back 92

Motion sickness

(also for sedation before Sx / stressful events)

Front 93

Acepromazine drug class

Back 93

Phenothiazine

Front 94

What diseases is atropine used for?

Back 94

Corneal ulcers

Corneal disease

Uveitis

Glaucoma

Front 95

Atropine drug class

Back 95

Anticholinergic

Front 96

What is Lidocaine used for?

Back 96

Nerve blocks

Local anesthesia

Epidural anesthesia

Front 97

Lidocaine drug class

Back 97

Local anesthetic

Front 98

What is epinephrine used for?

Back 98

Anaphylaxis

Front 99

Epinephrine drug class

Back 99

Alpha and beta adrenergic agonists

Front 100

What is ATP?

Back 100

Adenosine triphosphate

Front 101

What is ATP used for?

Back 101

A source of energy for use and storage at the cellular level

Front 102

What is ACTH?

Back 102

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Front 103

What does ACTH do?

Back 103

Regulates the steroid (glucocorticoid) hormone cortisol

Front 104

What is ADH?

Back 104

Antidiuretic hormone

Front 105

What does ADH do?

Back 105

Causes the kidneys to release less water, decreasing the amount of urine produced

Front 106

Another name for neurohypophysis

Back 106

Posterior pituitary gland

Front 107

Does the posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) produce hormones?

Back 107

No

Front 108

What hormones does the posterior pituitary gland (neurohypophysis) store and release? (2)

Back 108

Vasopressin

Oxytocin

Front 109

Another name for adenohypophysis

Back 109

Anterior pituitary gland

Front 110

Does the anterior pituitary gland produce hormones?

Back 110

Yes

Front 111

What 6 hormones does the adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary) produce?

Back 111

TSH (Thyroid stimulating hormone)

GH (growth hormone)

Prolactin

FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)

LH (Luteinizing hormone)

ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone)

Front 112

What is hypercalcemia?

Back 112

Too much calcium

Front 113

What is hypocalcemia?

Back 113

Not enough calcium

Front 114

What diseases increase blood calcium levels?

Back 114

Cancer

Kidney disease

Front 115

What decreases blood calcium levels?

Back 115

Calcitonin

Front 116

What does sodium do in the body?

Back 116

Relaxes nerves

relaxes muscles

Front 117

What does potassium do?

Back 117

Contracts muscles

Fires nerves

Front 118

What drugs are used to treat Addison's Disease?

Back 118

Prednisone

Desoxycorticosterone pivalate (DOCP)

Front 119

What causes an increase in blood glucose levels?

Back 119

A lack of insulin

A release of glucagon

Front 120

What raises blood steroid levels?

Back 120

Negative feedback causes release of more corticosteroids

Front 121

What causes a decrease in blood steroid levels?

Back 121

Positive feedback causes the glands to stop producing corticosteroids

Front 122

What is aldosterone?

Back 122

A hormone that stimulates absorption of sodium by the kidneys to regulate water and salt

(Diuretic)

Front 123

What is adrenalin?

Back 123

Epinephrine

Front 124

What releases adrenalin?

Back 124

Adrenal glands

Front 125

What 2 hormones do the adrenal glands produce?

Back 125

Epinephrine

Norepinephrine

Front 126

What 2 hormones does the thyroid gland produce?

Back 126

T3

T4 (thyroxine)

Front 127

What are the 2 parts of the pituitary gland?

Back 127

Adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary gland)

Neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary gland)

Front 128

What does the pancreas release?

Back 128

Insulin

Glucagon

Pancreatic enzymes

Front 129

What is the master gland?

Back 129

Pituitary gland

Front 130

What is desoxycorticosterone pivalate?

Back 130

Tx for Addison's disease

Front 131

What is Levothyroxine?

Back 131

Tx for hypothyroidism

Front 132

What is methimazole used for?

Back 132

Tx of hyperthyroidism

Front 133

Methimazole drug class

Back 133

Antithyroid agent

Front 134

What is trilostane used for?

Back 134

Tx of Cushing's disease

Front 135

Trilostane drug class

Back 135

Steroidogenesis inhibitor

Front 136

What lowers blood steroid levels?

Back 136

Trilostane