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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is ionizing radiation? |
EMR of high frequency and short wavelenght than UV light. |
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Can ionizing radiation remove an electron from an atom? |
Yes, it alters its at the molecular level |
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Why is it important to use the correct calculations in the x ray machine? |
To prevent radiation injury and exposure. |
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How many rads in a single dose can kill you? |
650 |
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Is it ok to receive 650 rads overtime? |
Yes, it is ok because is spread in a ling period of time and our bodies can regenerate any tissue that may have been damaged. |
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Can a high level of exposure be tolerated in a small part of our body? |
Yes. An example: this is use to treat certain cancers in patients. |
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Are rapidly dividing cells more sensitive to radiation? |
Yes, like pregnant women, lens of the eye, lymphocytes, thyroid... |
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Why can extremities tolerate higher doses of radiation than other parts of the body? |
2 reasons: -decreased sensitivity of epitelial muscle. -decreased sensitivity of nerve tissue. |
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What is somatic damage? |
Damage to the body that gets worse over the lifetime of the patient. Can be notices immediately or overtime. |
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Give examples of somatic damage |
cancer, cataracts, sterility, APLASTIC ANEMIA. |
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What is aplastic anemia? |
Anemia caused by defective function of blood forming organs (such as bone marrow) caused by chemicals toxic agents. |
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Genetic damage is not detectable until future generations, when will you see the damage? |
Not until the 2nd or 3rd generation. |
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Acute effects of radiation may appear after days-weeks. Mention some |
Pancytopenia V/D dehydration Neurological signs
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Chronic effects may take months to years. Mention some. |
fetal abnormalities cancer and tumors premature aging cancer formation |
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What is ALARA? |
As Low As Reasonable Achievable |
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NCRP? |
National Comitee of Radiation Protection |
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What do radiation exposure units represent? |
The amount of exposure you get. |
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What are the 2 categories? |
Absorbed dose and dose equivalent. |
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Which one represents the amount of energy absorbed? |
#1 :The absorbed dose. |
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What is the unit of absorbed dose? |
the GREY (GY) 1 GREY = 100 rads |
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For absorbed dose, what analogy can you think of? |
Somebody throwing pebbles at you, how many will bounce and how many will cause damage? |
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#2: Dose equivalent |
Difference in tissue damage resulting from different types of radiation. |
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What is required to get the dose equivalent? |
The quality factor (qf) # |
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What is the unit of the dose equivalent? |
the SIEVERT (SV)
1SV=100 REM |
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What is the exposure badge reported in? |
RM or RV |
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Occupational workers (us), how many REM per year can we get? |
5 REM per year |
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# 1 RULE |
Reduce your exposure time
*nobody allow in the room who should not be there*
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#2 RULE |
Maximize the distance between the radiation source and you
*DO NOT hand hold plate* |
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#3 RULE |
Use shielding
*DO NOT look at beam* |
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How often are badges read? |
quarterly readings (every 3 months) |
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Examples of taking care of x ray machine |
-Do not drop or hir the tube. -Do not leave on continuously. -Do not make high kv or na.
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