Veterinary Pharmacology Antimicrobials Uiuc Dr. Ferguson

Front 1

penicillin mechanism of action

Back 1

inhibit cell wall synthesis

Front 2

penicillin spectrum

Back 2

broad, but better at gram +

Front 3

is penicillin bacteriostatic or cidal?

Back 3

cidal

Front 4

what are the major toxicities with penicillins?

Back 4

allergy, neuro, GI

Front 5

cephalosporin mechanism of action

Back 5

inhibition of cell wall synthesis

Front 6

cephalosporin spectum

Back 6

broad (more so than penicillin), good for gram -

Front 7

are cephalosporins bacteriostatic or cidal?

Back 7

cidal

Front 8

cephalosporin toxicities

Back 8

very safe drug

Front 9

bacitracin mechanism of action

Back 9

inhibition of cell wall synthesis

Front 10

bacitracin spectrum

Back 10

gram +

Front 11

is bacitracin bacteriostatic or cidal?

Back 11

cidal

Front 12

bacitracin toxicities

Back 12

nephrotoxic

Front 13

vancomycin mechanism of action

Back 13

inhibition of cell wall synthesis

Front 14

vancomycin spectrum

Back 14

Staph
Strep

Front 15

is vancomycin bacteriostatic or cidal?

Back 15

cidal

Front 16

vancomycin toxicities

Back 16

nephro, neuro (ototox), thrombophelbitis

Front 17

polymixin B mechanism of action

Back 17

disrupts cell membranes by binding phospholipids

Front 18

polymixin B spectrum

Back 18

narrow: gram -

Front 19

is polymixin B bacteriostatic or cidal?

Back 19

cidal

Front 20

polymixin B toxicities

Back 20

nephro, neuro, allergic

Front 21

novobiocin mechanism of action

Back 21

disrupts cell membranes by binding phospholipids

Front 22

novobiocin spectrum

Back 22

gram + and gram -

Front 23

is novobiocin bacteriostatic or cidal?

Back 23

cidal

Front 24

Tetracyclines mechanism of action

Back 24

inhibition of protein synthesis by binding 30s ribosome subunit

Front 25

tetracycline spectrum

Back 25

very broad

Front 26

is tetracycline bacteriostatic or cidal?

Back 26

static

Front 27

tetracycline toxicities

Back 27

entero, CV collapse, nephro, teeth/bone

Front 28

chloramphenicol mechanism of action

Back 28

inhibit protein synthesis by binding 50s ribosome subunit

Front 29

chloramphenicol spectrum

Back 29

broad

Front 30

is chloramphenicol bacteriostatic or cidal?

Back 30

static

Front 31

chloramphenicol toxicities

Back 31

dose dependent
BONE MARROW SUPPRESSION, entero

Front 32

macrolides mechanism of action

Back 32

inhibition of protein synthesis by inhibiting ribosome function

Front 33

macrolide spectrum

Back 33

narrow: gram +, some mycoplasma, rickettsia

Front 34

are macrolides bacteriostatic or cidal?

Back 34

static

Front 35

macrolides toxicities

Back 35

entero issues in horses

Front 36

lincosamides mechanism of action

Back 36

inhibition of protein synthesis by inhibiting tRNA transfer on 50s ribosome

Front 37

lincosamides spectrum

Back 37

gram +, especially cocci

Front 38

are lincosamides bacteriostatic or cidal?

Back 38

static

Front 39

lincosamides toxicities

Back 39

skeletal muscle paralysis
entero issues in horses

Front 40

azalides mechanism of action

Back 40

inhibition of protein synthesis by inhibiting ribosome synthesis

Front 41

azalides spectrum

Back 41

gram + aerobes

Front 42

are azalides bacteriostatic or cidal?

Back 42

static (can be cidal at very high concentrations)

Front 43

azalides toxicities

Back 43

entero

Front 44

aminoglycosides mechanism of action

Back 44

inhibition of protein synthesis by inhibiting 30s ribosome subunit

Front 45

aminoglycosides spectrum

Back 45

gram - (save for severe gram - infection)

Front 46

are aminoglycosides bacteriostatic or cidal?

Back 46

cidal

Front 47

aminoglycosides toxicities

Back 47

NEPHROTOXIC!!!
neuro (CN VII, NMJ)

Front 48

quinolones mechanism of action

Back 48

inhibition of DNA synthesis via inhibition of DNA gyrase

Front 49

quinolones spectrum

Back 49

gram -, rickettsia, chlamydia, mycoplasma, mycobacteria

Front 50

are quinolones bacteriostatic or cidal?

Back 50

cidal

Front 51

quinolones toxicities

Back 51

entero, hepatic, cartilage, neuro

Front 52

rifampin mechanism of action

Back 52

interferes with RNA synthesis

Front 53

rifampin spectrum

Back 53

gram - , Staph, chlamydia, viruses, tuberculosis, fungi

Front 54

is rifampin bacteriostatic or cidal?

Back 54

static or cidal (depends on dose and organism resistance)

Front 55

rifampin toxicities

Back 55

orange colored body secretions, entero, rash, increased liver enzymes

Front 56

sulfonamides mechanism of action

Back 56

inhibition of folic acid metabolism via inhibition of PABA

Front 57

sulfonamides spectrum

Back 57

broad spectrum (best at gram +)
protozoa

Front 58

are sulfonamides bacteriostatic or cidal?

Back 58

most are static, but potentiated sulfonimides are cidal

Front 59

sulfonamides toxicities

Back 59

renal (crystalluria), GI, bone marrow, derm, "drug shock"

Front 60

nitrofurans mechanism of action

Back 60

inhibition of many enzymes to disrupt cell metabolism

Front 61

nitrofurans spectrum

Back 61

broad
protozoa

Front 62

are nitrofurans bacteriostatic or cidal?

Back 62

static for some, cidal for others

Front 63

nitrofurans toxicities

Back 63

locally carcinogenic, polyneuritis

Front 64

which drugs work best for anaerobic infections?

Back 64

metronidazole, penicillin G, clavamox, 2nd and 3rd generation cephalosporins