The Appendicular Skeleton

Front 1

the appendicular skeleton is

Back 1

frame work of the body that consist of extremities, shoulder and pelvic

Front 2

Scapula

Back 2

also called shoulder blade is a large triangular bone on the side of the thorax

Front 3

Clavicle

Back 3

also called collarbone is a slender bone that connects the sternum to the scapula.

some species do not have clavicles ( like pigs,ruminants,equine ) others only have a vestigial/rudimentary

birds have a wishbone formed by a fusion of 2 clavicles

Front 4

Humerus

Back 4

also called brachium

upper arm between elbow joint and the shoulder

Front 5

Radius and Ulna

Back 5

2 large parallele bones of the forearm,

ulna is the one on the small finger side

radius is on the side of the thumb

some species have fused radius and ulna

Front 6

Carpal bone

Back 6

also known as the wrist in people, in small animals it is known as the carpus and in larger animals called the knee

Front 7

metacarpals

Back 7

bones between the carpal and phalanges

Front 8

Phalanx (Phalanges is plural) and Digits

Back 8

phalanges are the ''fingers'' are attached to the metacarpals and numbered proximal to distal.

Digits of the hoof or paws are numbered medial to lateral (ex: dogs the 1st digit is the dewclaw )

Front 9

ungulates

Back 9

large variety of large mammals most of them, at the tip of their toes are hoofed to sustain their whole body weight while moving

Front 10

Medical term for declawing

Back 10

Onychectomy

Front 11

sesamoid bone

Back 11

small bone embedded in a tendon or joint.

animals have multiple sesamoid bones.

*The horse has a sesamoid bone called navicular bone located inside the hoof

Front 12

the pelvis/hip consist of three pairs of bones:

Back 12

Ilium : largest pair, blade shaped in animals

ischium: caudal pair of the bones

pubis: ventral part of the bones that are fused on midline by a cartilaginous joint

Front 13

sacroiliac joint

Back 13

the ilium articulates with the sacrum (between the iliums) to form the sacroiliac joint

Front 14

Pubic symphysis

Back 14

the cartilaginous joint that fuses the pubis bones in the midline

Front 15

acetabulum

Back 15

the large socket on the pelvic bone that forms when the tree bones meet

Front 16

femur/thigh bone

Back 16

is the long bone of the rear leg, the head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum and is connected to a narrow area called femoral neck

Front 17

Patella

Back 17

Large sesamoid bone in the rear limb, (in people its called the knee cap but in animals that is called the carpus. ) joint that houses the patella is called the stifle joint in animals

Front 18

Fibula & Tibia

Back 18

long bones on the rear leg after the femur

tibia is the larger weight baring bone of the two.

Fibula is a long slender bone, some animals do not have a fibula while others have both the bones fused

Front 19

Crus

Back 19

area in the rear limb between the stifle and the hock ( hock is tarsus but for larger animals)