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101 Cards in this Set

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Example of Hypertonic solution

50% dextrose

50%

Aminophyline

Bronchial dilator

Theophylline

How many teeth a cat has

30

30 or 42

How many teeth does a dog have

42


I 3/3 C1/1 PM 4/4 M 2/3, X2

30 or 42


Dentistry

Reticulocyte

Identified by supravital stain/ new methylene blue dye

Identified by what stain

I.V. site in a mouse

Tail vein

Caudal

Feline rhinotracheitis

Caused by virus

What's it caused by

Rabies requirements are determined by

County

Sacramento county

Greenstick fracture

Often found in puppies

Laws of rvt: legally cannot

Diagnose, presribe, perform surgery

Pulse rate in cow obtained by

Coccygeal artery

Caudal

Hemoglobin is made up by

Fe

Card unfinished

Urinary tract

Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra

Structures of the system

Strongylus sp.

Can cause colic in horses

Unfinishes

Dirofilaria immitis

Transmitted by mosquitos

Unfinished

Flukes

Can cause hepatic necrosis

Unfinished

Pseudoparasite

Object resembles parasite

Not a parasite

Identify this species.

Toxocara sp.

Roundworm

Most non selective lab test media

Blood agar

Paired serum smaples, drawn several weeks apart, are essential in diagnosing serology to:

Establish presence of current, active infection

Microhematocrits measure

Red blood cell volume

Lymphocyte

Highest percentage of wbc found in bovine differential count

Microscopic examination of urine sediment looks for:

Casts, erythrocytes, leukocytes, bacteria

Gram stain

Most commonly used in microbiology


Identifies gram neg/pos

Purpose of cover slip

Prevent preparation from getting on lens


Flatten surface so light enters at correct angle.

Specific gravity : 1.050

Concentrated urine

Type of sample

ALT is specific to

Liver

What organ?

Hemocytometer

Counts blood cells

Purpose

Staphylococcus sp.

Gram pos


Occur in grape like clusters

Erythrocytopenia

Decrease in rbc

MCV

Mean corpuscular volume

Hypersegmented neutrophill

Segmented neutrophil of normal size but presenting more than normal number of nuclear lobes

Relationship between hemoglobin and PCV

hemoglobin is 1/3 of PCV

Normal pH range of urine

5 to 6

Acidic

Macrocyte

Larger than normal erythrocyte

Big

Spectrophotometer

Measures chemical reactions of clinical chemistries

Antihelintics

Treat GI parasites

Atropine

Anticholinergic


Dilates pupils


Increases heart rate

Schedule I drugs

Most tightly controlled

Unfinished

Preanesthetics

Decrease amount of anesthetic needed

Benefit

Pop off valve: high gas flow rates

Should be open

Tachycardia

Fast heart rate

Innovar-vet

Classified as neuroleptanalgesic

Unfinished

Pop off valve: when using rebreathing bag as respirator

Alternate open and closed

Anesthetic uses

Restraint

Unfinished

Reservoir bag

Provides adequate fresh gases available to patient

Purpose

Hyperthermia

High temperature


Treated with cold water baths

Halothane

Anesthesia that causes less respiratory depression than isofurane

Unfinished

Isofurane

Causes more respiratory depression than halothane

Unfinished

Coccidiosis: in rabbits

Treated with sulfamethazine

Treatment

Major problems of goat anesthesia

Regurgitation, salivation, difficult intubation, hypoventilation, bloat

5 issues

Dental fistula are caused by

4th upper premolar

Infection occurs beneath eye

Stain used to identify Hemobartonella

Gram stain

Stain to identify

Hemoglobinuria

Increased hemoglobin in urine

Define

Modified Knott's test

Detects microfilaria

Identifies what?

I grain = ___ mg

65 mg

Streptococcus

Gram pos cocci occurs in chains

I ml = ___ gtts

15 gtts (drops)

TB testing location in primates

In the eyelid

Easily observable

Enzootic disease

Constantly present in animal population and only usually effects a small percent of animals at a time

Epizootic disease

Epidemic outbreak of disease in animal population

Mycosis

Fungal infection

What type of infection

One ounce = ? CC's

30 CC's

Heifer

Young cow

How many teeth does a rat/mouse have

16 teeth


I 1/1, C0/0, PM 0/0, M 3/3

Include dental formula

Guinea pig dentistry

I 1/1, C 0/0, PM 1/1, M 3/3

Rabbit dentistry

I 2/1, C 0/0, PM 3/2, M 3/3


28 teeth

Animals susceptible to penicillin toxicity

Hamsters and guinea pigs

Macrominerals

Minerals needed in larger amounts


Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride

Microminerals

Trace minerals, minerals needed in smaller amounts


Iron, copper, zinc, manganese, selenium, iodine

Pineal body

Pea sized structure in brain


Function: secretes hormone that affects circadian rythm within 24 hrs.

Hypophysis/ pituitary gland

Peas sized below hypothalamus. 3 lobes. Master gland.

Anterior lobe of pituitary gland

HGH promoted growth.


Hypo - dwarfism


Hyper - giantism

Thyroid stimulating hormone TSH

stimulates thyroid glad to secrete thyroxine and tri-iodothyronine which acts to depress secretion of TSH.


hyper - goiter

Gram pos organisms

Staphylococcus, streptococcus, closttridia, actinomyces

Gram neg organisms

E coli, klebsiella, proteus, salmonella, pasturella, psudomonas

Cachexia

Loss of lean body mass


Seen with cancer and CHF

Enterotoxemia

Caused by toxins of clostridium perfringens



Aka over eating disease

Round worms

Toxocara canis (dogs)


Toxocara cati (feline )


Toxascaris leonina (cats and dogs)


Baylisascaris procyonis (dogs and wildlife)

Hookworm

Ancylostoma canium (dog)


Ancylostoma tubaeforme (cats)


Ancylostoma braziliense, uncinaria stenocephala (both cats and dogs)

Whipworms

Only in dogs


Trichuris vulpis

Tapeworms

Dipylidiim canum, echinococcus multilocularis (dogs and cats)


Echinococcus granulosus, taenia pisiformis (dog)


Tania taenaeformis (cat)

Organs of female reproduction system

Hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal gland, ovaries, ovaducts, uterus, vagina

Ovulation

Ejection of egg (ovum) from a follicle in the ovary

Corpus hemorragicum

Clot filled structure after ovulation. Nutritional matrix to support development of surrounding cells. Tissues develop into corpus luteum.

Corpus luteum

Develops after corpus hemorragicum. Produces progesterone (P4). Increases in size, increases level of progesterone.

Progesterone

Created by corpus luteum. Aids in preparation of pregnancy.

Selenium deficiency

Horse myopathy


White muscle disease

Superfecunidation

Multiple sites of 2 or more offspring in one gestation

Superfetation

Multiple ovulation and conception while already pregnant.

Anestrous

Last month of cycle

Estrous cycle stages

Proestrous, estrous, diestrous, anestrous


Lasts about 6 months

Cardiac arrest symptoms

No carotid pulse, dilated pupils, no respiration

Tallest wave in electrocardiographic complex

R

In fertility can be caused by

Abnormal estrous cycle, disease of uterus, poor breeding schedule, abortions

4 basic body tissue

Muscular, nervous, epithelial, connective

Parasite in the hair follicle

Demodex sp.

Wright-Giemsa Stain

Used for detection of anaplasma marginalie

Normal blood urea nitrogen in dogs - ml per 100 ml

10 to 20

Granulocytes

Eosinophil and basophil

Major function of erythrocytes

Transport gases