Vet Integument System

Front 1

The Integument consists of:

Back 1

hair
hooves
claws
skin related glands

Front 2

What are the functions of the integument?

Back 2

1.Prevents dessication (drying out)
2: Reduces injury
3. Maintains body temp (adipose layer hypodermis)
4. Excretes water,salt and organic waste
5.Sensory organ (heat, cold, touch)
6.Synthesis of vitamin D

Front 3

Integument structure: 3 layers of skin?

Back 3

1 Epidermis (outer layer)
2 Dermis (inner layer)
3.hypodermis (deepest layer)

Front 4

5.Characteristics of the Epidermis:

Back 4

1.Stratified, sqaumous epithelium
2. Avascular (fed by dermis) no blood supply
3. Keratinocytes (cell dies as it matures and provides a waterproof protein called keratin)
4.Tough, waterproof outer layer
5. older cells are pushed up to the top layer

Front 5

Characteristics of the Dermis:

Back 5

1: Makes up the greatest portion
2. strength of the skin
3.highly fibrous CT (connective tissue, connects adipose to dermis)
4.Contains hair follicles, nerve endings, glands, smooth muscle, blood vessels
ex. sebaceous glands (can be oily or scaly)

Front 6

3 Characteristics of the hypodermis:

Back 6

1. Not part of the skin but closely associated
2. Assists with skin protective function
3. Stores fat and anchors skin to underlying tissue

Front 7

Where would a subcutaneous injection go?

Back 7

In the hypodermis (vaccines) the fat absorbs better

Front 8

Where would an interdermal injection go?

Back 8

The dermis
ex. allergy tests

Front 9

Pigmentation is composed of??

Back 9

contains Melanin which is the main pigment that protects skin from UV rays.
Melanincytes is the name of the cells.

Front 10

3 parts of the paw pad:

Back 10

A: Digital pad which is on the toes of the paw pad, these are tough fat pads that protect against abrasion.
B: Metacarpal/ Metatarsal pad, this is the big pad below the toe pads (distal pads) where majority of heat exchange takes place.
C: Carpal Pad: below the big paw pad in the wrist like area on the animal.

Front 11

Planum Nasale characteristics.

Back 11

The nose of a cat or dog.
Air comes in and out like a humidifer, wet or dry nose is no indication of health.

Front 12

Hair characteristics

Back 12

1:Maintains body temp.
2. Volume of shedding is influenced by genetics and environment.
(breed)
Most shedding is done in the spring and fall.

Front 13

What is the name of a cat hairball?

Back 13

Trichobozar

Front 14

3 Glands of the skin

Back 14

Dermis layer
1.Sebaceous Glands : All over body, exocrine glands make oily lipid substance can get clogged and be overactive or under active.
2: Sweat Glands: dog and cat only have sweat glands on paw pads, horse has sweat glands all over body
3.Anal Glands: Foul smelling, have to be expressed, can become impacted

Front 15

Characteristics of the musk gland

Signs of impacted glands:

Back 15

1. 5 and 7 o clock position
2. connected by a duct
3. used to mark territory
4. helps lubricate BM
5. can abscess out if too impacted.

A: Scooting on bottom can be a sign of impaction or tapeworms
B: Bite on rear end and yelp

Front 16

Claw characteristics

Back 16

Hard outer covering of distal digit
Cat has only retractable claws

Front 17

Dewclaw on dogs characteristics

Back 17

Dewclaw on dogs don't contact ground, keep growing and can abcess paw pad. Can be on any of the four feet or none at all. Dewclaw is not attached.

Front 18

Name for Declawing a cat

Back 18

Onychectomy (Declaw)
Remove P3, Diistal

Front 19

Characteristics of horns

Back 19

1: Generally hollow and communicate with frontal sinus
2. Grow continuously throughout life
3. Dehorn by sawing off the horn and cauterize base., prevents cows from goring each other and ruining the meat.
(Polled breeds don't have horns)

Front 20

Characteristics of the hoof:
Wall:
Sole:
White Line:
Frog:

Back 20

1.Wall is where a horse is shoed
2.White line is the quick, nails don't go here.
3. Soles are the concave part of the hoof and have to be cored and drained if an abcess is present.
4. Frog is spongy so it could breathe and have good traction. It should make contact with ground.

Front 21

Benefits of shoeing a horse

Back 21

Can correct lazy foot.