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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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if otolith falls into the posterior semicircular canal, what symptoms will it cause?
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down and rotational nystagmus
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if otolith falls into the horizontal semicircular canal, what symptoms will it cause?
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inward (medial) nystagmus
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if otolith falls into the anterior semicircular canal, what symptoms will it cause?
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up and rotational nystagmus
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peripheral nystagmus
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- horizontal unidirectional nystagmus
- increases in the dark associated with a positive head impulse test |
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central nystagmus
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- usually unidirectional
- a vertical or purely torsional nystagmus is always central |
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which type of vertigo lasts only seconds?
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BPPV ( benign paroxysmal peripheral vertigo)
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which type of vertigo lasts minutes?
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vertigo caused by a TIA or migraine
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which type of vertigo will last for hours?
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vertigo caused by Meniere's syndrome
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which type(s) of vertigo can last for days?
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- vestibular neuritis
- cerebellar stoke - brainstem stroke - MS - labyinthine stroke |
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which semicircular canal does otolith usually fall into and what is the name of the disorder it causes?
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- posterior
- benign paroxysmal peripheral vertigo |
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a patient is sitting up in bed and is having no problems but when he moves his head he suffers from a brief, yet intense episode of vertigo. what is the most likely diagnosis and what is the probable cause?
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- benign paroxysmal peripheral vertigo
- caused by otoliths falling into the semicircular canals (usually the posterior canal) |
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what is the most common cause of otoliths becoming displaced into the semicircular canals?
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trauma
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what type of nystagmus is seen in BPPV?
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nystagmus that has a conjugate rotational component toward the dependent ear that is mixed with a vertical, upbeating component
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a patient comes into your office complaining of acute, incapacitating vertigo. he also states that when he has these episodes he gets nauseated and sometimes vomits. he tells you that last week he had an ear infection that went away on its own. what is the most likely diagnosis?
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vestibular neuritis/labyrinthitis
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what symptoms will you see with vestibular neuritis?
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- lateropulsion towards the affected ear
- gait incoordination - a peripheral horizontal-rotary nystagmus that is unidirectional |
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what virus is associated with vestibular neuritis/labyrinthitis?
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HSV 1
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what is the major symptomatic difference between cerebellar stroke and acute labyrinthitis?
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cerebellar stoke presents with bidirectional nystagmus
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a patient comes in with fluctuating hearing loss, intermittent vertigo, tinnitus, and ear fullness. he claims that the hearing loss, tinnitus, and ear fullness are worse during the episodes of vertigo? what is the most likely diagnosis?
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Meniere's syndrome
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what is the major complications that Meniere's will lead to?
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- permanent, low frequency hearing loss
- possible vestibular paresis |
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a patient comes in complaining of hearing problems. upon examination you find the the Weber test localizes to the right ear and the Rhinne test is normal. what is your diagnosis?
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sensorineural hearing loss in the left ear due to dysfunction of the CN VII
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a patient comes in complaining of trouble hearing. Upon examination you find that the Weber test localizes to the left ear and the Rhinne test shows bone conduction > air conduction. otoscopic exam shows wax build up in the left ear. what is you diagnosis?
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conductive hearing loss due to obstruction of the ear canal
this can also be caused by problems with the ear drum or the bony labyrinth |
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what ear will the Weber test localize to in sensorineural hearing loss?
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the normal ear
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what ear will the Weber test localize to in conductive hearing loss?
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the abnormal ear
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