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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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He was a creationist who believe species were immutable. His systematic, binomial nomenclature became standard taxonomic practice.
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Carl von Linné (Carolus Linnaeus)
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Creationist, vice chancellor of Cambridge University, calculated "exact" date of creation according to Biblical records
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Dr. John Lightfoot
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-Evolutionist
-subscribed to theory of spontaneous generation -believed in species hierarchy, man at the pinnacle -convinced of inheritance of acquired characteristicsre |
Jean Baptiste de Lamarck
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-evolutionist, based on firsthand observation in the Malay Archipelago
-published a joint paper with Darwin |
Alfred Russell Wallace
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-"Father of Evolution"
-ship's naturalist aboard HMS Beagle -based evolutionary theory on observations from Galapagos Islands -delayed publishing book for 20 years |
Charles Darwin
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-creationist
-morphologist -believed in immutability of species and archetypes |
Richard Owen
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-evolutionary morphologist
-defender of evolution: "Darwin's Bulldog" -disproved Owen's archetype theory of the skull through embryology |
T. H. Huxley
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-creationist, morphologist
-first proponent of irreducible complexity -parts worked together as a whole and could not be built up, rendering species immutable |
Georges Cuvier
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A tail with identical top and bottom fins--found in fishes with a swim bladder
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homocercal
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Imbalanced tail that gives lift during propulsion, found in fish without swim bladders
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heterocercal
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the evolutionary history of a taxon
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phylogeny
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the developmental history of an individual organism
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ontogeny
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groups living in the present time
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extant
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animal groups that are no longer living
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extinct
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structures that seem to be phylogenetically related through a common ancestor
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homologous structures
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structures that have similar function, but not necessarily the same ancestry are termed
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analogous
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the type of evolution that produces analogous structures in unrelated taxa
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convergent evolution
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structures that look alike
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homoplasy
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-head end
-tail end -back -belly -midline -sides -farther from the body -close to the body |
-anterior (cranial)
-posterior (caudal) -dorsal -ventral -medial -lateral -distal -proximal |
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a repeated section of a structure and the process of duplicating are called, respectively:
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segment (metamere) and segmentation (metamerism)
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non-gradual evolution
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quantum evolution, a.k.a. punctuated equilibrium, a.k.a. the Demiurge
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a named group of organsims
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taxon
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a proposed lineage of organisms and their common ancestor
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clade
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a clade that includes:
-ancestor and all descendants -groups formed on the basis on nonhomologous characters -ancestor and some descendants |
-monophyletic
-polyphyletic -paraphyletic |
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method of placing fossils in a relative sequence
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stratigraphy
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