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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Funtions of vertebral column |
-supports weight of whole body except legs -flexible when supporting weight -adjusts automatically -provided bony protection for spinal cord and nerves |
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Curvatures of spine |
cervical lordosis throacic kyphosis lumbar lordosis sacral kyphosis |
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Why curves? |
The curvatures help to strengthen the column against these forces while maintaing its flexibility |
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what are vertebrae separated by? |
intervertebral discs |
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what extends from the vertebral bodies? |
neural (vertebral) arches extend from the posterior side of the bodies and creates the vertebral canal |
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What is protected by the vertebral canal? |
spinal cord |
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What do the transverse process and spinous process do? |
-provide attachments for muscles -act as levers to move individual vertebrae |
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what does the facet angle determine? |
relative rotational capability of each vertebra |
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What angle are the facet joints for the cervical, lumbar and thoracic vertebra |
cervical: horizontal Thoracic: vertical in coronal plane Lumbar: vertical in sagittal plane |
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Rank the different vertebrae in thickness ratio for the intervertebral disc from least to most |
thoracic, lumbar, cervical |
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What does the increased ratio of the disc in the vertebral body mean? |
increased mobility |
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what does the narrowing of intervertebral space do? |
herniated disk, nerve root compression syndrome, opens facet joint interspace = osteoarthritis |
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sequence of disc prolapse |
1. flexion compresses disc anteriorly 2. application of compressive force pushes nucleus pulpousus posterriorly 3. posterior annular fibers tear and portions of the disc protrude |
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what is it called when posterorlateral herniation presses on spinal nerve? |
sciatica (specific to lumbar region), or nerve root compression syndrome (anywhere in vertebral column) |
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What is it called when there is tingling and numbness in the cutaneous regions supplied by the spinal nerve and what happens |
radiculopathy -pain in same regions, atrophy of muscles supplied by the spinal nerve |
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what are the ligaments of the vertebral column? |
anterior longitudinal ligament posterior longitudinal ligament |
