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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are two mammal synapomorphies?
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1) Hair
2) Mammary Glands |
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What are four distinctive features of mammals?
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(1) Precisely occluding (fitting together) cheek teeth divided into premolars & molars (HETERODONT DENTITION).
(2) Cheek teeth have 2 roots (3) Only 1 set replacement teeth = DIPHYDONTY (some teeth only in adult) (4) Enlarged brain capacity (mostly hearing & smell - nocturnal?) |
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What are the two new ear ossicles in mammals?
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Malleus (from articular)
Incus (from quadrate) |
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What is the ONLY lower jaw bone in mammals?
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Dentary.
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What does the epiphysis and cartilage growth plate show in mammals?
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Determinate Growth.
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Name the five vertebrae differentiations in mammals?
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1) Cervical (almost always 7)
2) Thoracic (ribs) 3) Lumbar (rib loss) 4) Sacral (fused pelvis) 5) Caudal (tail) |
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What is the deoxygenated blood circuit in a mammalian heart?
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Right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary arteries, Lungs.
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What is the oxygenated blood circuit in a mammalian heart?
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Pulmonary veins, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta, Body.
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What type of lungs do mammals have?
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ALVEOLAR LUNGS
• repeated branching to tiny chambers (alveoli) where gas exchange takes place |
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Where is water extraction in mammals?
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Loops of Henle in nephron allow water extraction.
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What are some distinctive features of mammalian brains?
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• Enlarged cerebrum, frequently infolded
• Prominent olfactory (smell) region |
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What are some distinctive features of mammalian vision?
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Usually less acute than other verts (retina has many ROD cells for light detection, only CONE cells for sharp focus in small FOVEA region)
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What is the PINNA? Who has it?
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The pinna is found in mammals, and it is the external ear that helps funnel sound to the ear drum.
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What is the COCHLEA? Who has it?
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I don't know what it looks like, but its in the mammalian ear and it helps detect sound frequency (pitch).
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What are some distinctive features of early arboreal mammals?
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(1) Long incisors, no canine, blade-like lower premolars, rowed cusps on molars.
(2) Early arboreal mammals (prehensile tail, reversible ankle - climb headfirst down trees). |
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Do platypussies have nipples?
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Hells no.
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What are marsupials and eutherians united by?
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• Live birth (not egg laying), nipples
• Separate digestive and urogenital openings (no cloaca) • TRIBOSPHENIC MOLARS (in basal taxa) • New SPINE on scapula/shoulder girdle (old front edge to increase muscle attachment) • Lose INTERCLAVICLE & bones fusing shoulder girdle across belly. |
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Does Paras enjoy a dick every once in a while?
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Hells yeah. Nigga.
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Eutherian Phylogeny is distinguished by what?
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CHORIOALLANTOIC PLACENTA (vascular connection between mom & young derived from 2 extraembryonic membranes, chorion and allantois)
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