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117 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define: Extrication
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Freeing persons from entrapment
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Define: Disentanglement
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Removal of the veh. from around the pt.
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Define: Rescue
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Relates to assessing, stabilizing, protecting, and removing a pt. from entrapment.
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What is the NHTSA?
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National Highway Trans. Safety Admin.- Sets standards for motor veh. equipment.
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One of the most important skills for rescue personnel on veh. extrication incidents is the ability to ________.
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Recognize the existing and potential dangers.
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List the safety and survival priorities.
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Self
Fellow Rescuers Bystanders Victims |
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To safely extricate a pt. trapped in a veh. rescuers most be able to do..
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Assess the situation
Stabilize the situation Devise and implement a plan |
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To be successful at a veh. Extrication scene, you must involve these 3 factors..
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Protection
Stabilization Property Conversation |
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What Team is directly responsible for stabilizing crashed veh. accessing victims, stabilizing pt, disentanglling pt. and packaging pt. for removal?
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Extrication Team
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What group protects the Extrication Team?
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Fire Service
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Every veh. has how many sides?
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8 (Top, bottom, drivers side, pass. side, front, rear, interior, exterior)
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Where are the quarter panels?
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Most cars have 2, from the end of the door to the rear bumper.
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Where are the Kick Panels?
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The side wall on each side of a veh. that lies between the trailing edge of the fron t fender well and the lower half of the A-post.
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Dispatchers are trained to get 3 basic types of info?
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Location
Nature of incident Number of pt. |
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One of the most important points of the size-up process occurs when?
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During the final approach to the scene.
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The 1st consideration of scene safety is protecting the _________.
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Uninjured.
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What zone is the IC located?
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The Cold Zone
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Define: The Warm Zone
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It creates a space where those in support of the extrication ops. may function.
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The objectives of terminating an incident are to ...
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restore the scene to as near normal as possible.
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T or F: Groups and Sectors mean the same thing.
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True
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What is the standard size of a face shield?
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4 to 6 inches
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Define: Heavy Rescue
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A unit that can support to extricate victims from almost any entrapment.
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What is the first and most important step in performing a safe veh. extrication?
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Veh. Stabilization
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Why is nylon rope not ideal for veh. stabilization?
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Because it streches under load.
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Only what type of chains should be used in veh. extrication?
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Rescue rated Steel Alloy Chains
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Most webbing used in veh. extrication starts a what size?
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2 inches
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How big is the Winch Danger Zone?
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A circle around the winch with a radius equal to the length of cable or chain from the winch to the load.
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When does the initial size up begin?
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Upon dispatch
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T or F: The higher the veh. center of gravity, the less chance of it tipping over.
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False
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When most cars are empty, where is the center of gravity?
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Just slightly foward of the front door in the center of the veh.
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Define: Veh. Integrity
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How strong the veh. chassis remains after a collision.
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Why do older veh. retain more of their structural integrity?
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They contain more steel and less aluminum, and plastic.
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Front-impact air bags are called Supplemental systems, why?
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They supplement seat belts.(not replace them)
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Most air bag electrical cables are ________.
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Yellow. (don't cut them)
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What are HPS?
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Head Protection Systems (they remain rigid after deployment)
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What are the 2 kinds of Energy Absorbing Bumpers
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Crushable- egg crate structure, will produce hydrofluoric acid when heated.
Bumper Struts- are likely to explode when heated. |
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More than 40% of all veh. fatalities are the result of _______ collisions.
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Side impact.
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What is the primary goal of stablilization?
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To max. the area of contact between the veh. and the ground.
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Experience has shown that for stabilization most veh. require support at a minimum of ________.
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4 points (perhaps 6 points)
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What is the fastes and easiest ways of gaining access to the interior of a veh.?
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Removing glass from the veh.
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Define: Laminated Safety Glass
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Consists of two sheets of glass bonded to a sheet of plastic. This glass will hold.
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Define: Tempered Glass
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Used in side and back windows, it will separate and fall away. (lose your temper and you will crack)
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Before you remove the roof make sure to stablized the veh. by placing a step chock ______.
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Under the B post.
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On scene turn off all rear lights except ________.
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The amber ones.
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The outer limit of the cold zone is the _________.
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Crowd Control Line.
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The 2 primary types of veh. chassis are?
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Commercial and custom
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Define: Stabilizers
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THey reduce strain on the veh. suspension system
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What is the most common power sources used on EMS veh.?
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Inverters
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T or F: Veh. mounted generators usually have a larger capacity than portable units.
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True.
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The most common application of cribbing is?
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The Box
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Rigging includes using...
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rope, chains, webbing
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When a veh. is on it's roof, make sure to ________ the chock.
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Invert
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What are the most common hand tools?
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Striking Tools
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Is the spiral weave stronger than the chain weave?
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Yes
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NOP of Air Chisels.
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100-150psi
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The largest bags can lift around _____ tons.
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75 tons
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T or F: Low and Med. pressure bags are considerably smaller than high pressure bags.
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False
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Lift an inch, crib an _____.
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Inch
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Avoid exposing bags to materials hotter than _______ degrees.
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220 degrees
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Low and med. pressure bags generally operate on ______ psi.
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7 to 15 psi.
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Open acetylene cylinder valves no more than _____.
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3/4 of 1 turn.
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The most common sizes of rating of come-alongs are ____.
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1 to 10 tons
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Wedges are used to?
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Tighten Cribbing
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Step Chocks- each step is approx. _____ in. shorter than the one beneath.
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6 inches.
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What is the min. size chain to be used in veh. extrication.
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3/8 inch
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T or F: Do not connect chain hooks to anything but the chain itself.
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True
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Most air bags are deactivated after about ____.
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10 min.
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Tires are deflated only after?
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Cribbing has been installed.
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Always disconnect the _______ cable first.
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Negative
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Which airbags are mech. activated? (and don't need the electrical system to activate)
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Side Impact Airbags
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Compact Cars have a wheelbase between _____.
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100-104 inches
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Intermediate Cars have a wheelbase between _____.
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105-109 inches
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Full size cars have a wheelbase between _____.
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110-114 inches
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Most station wagons fall under the _______ class.
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Intermediate
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Each air bag operates _________.
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Independently
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Front air bags deploy at speeds in excess of ______ mph.
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200 mph
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All veh. made in N. America since 1974 are eqipped with?
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Some sort of energy absorbing bumper system.
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Define: School Bus
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A passenger veh. designed to carry more than 10 passengers with a driver.
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School Buses are divided into ___ types.
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4 (A,B,C,D)
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Define: Integral Construction
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The body and chassis are formed as a unit.
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Commercial buses carry up to about ___ people.
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50 people
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On commercial buses, if the rows of rivets are more than about 2 feet apart, expect to find?
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A rafter between the 2 riveted members.
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Where are the heaviest beams found on buses?
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in the Floor.
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When stabilizing a bus, use _______ wooden cribbing.
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6 x 6 in.
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What is the best tool for cutting the side walls of a bus?
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Reciprocating saw with a 6 in. cutting blade.
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________ trucks are the most common types of trucks.
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Straight Trucks
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The most distinguishing characteristic of all types of med. and heavy trucks is?
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They are relatively big and often extremely heavy.
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What are the 2 most common types of truck cabs?
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Conventional and Cab-Over Units
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What is the flashpoint for diesel?
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Between 126-204 degrees.
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What is the name of the steel plate mounted on the rear of every highway tractor?
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The Fifth Wheel
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Define: Trailor
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A freestanding unit with wheels front and rear.
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Define: Dolly
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The bar used to couple a trailer to a tractor.
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Where are the wheels on a semitrailers?
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At or near the rear.
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Most box trailers have _____ of vertical clearance inside, from front to rear.
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110 inches
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What is the most important part of assessing an accident involving a med. or heavy truck?
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Identifying the cargo.
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What is the first indication you need to stop and assess the scene before approaching?
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Seeing people fleeing the scene.
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Where is the Bill of Lading (cargo manifest) located?
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In a pocket on the driver's door.
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How much HazMat material can be transported without a placard?
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440 lbs.
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The railcars after a collision often come to rest in a _____ pattern.
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Zig Zag
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All Amtrack trains have _____ volt electrical circuits.
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480 volts
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Each train car will have at least ____ emergency window exits.
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4
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Exterior skins of the train car are made of ______.
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3/32" stainless steel.
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On level tracks, what is all that is needed to stabilize a train car?
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Applying the hand brake.
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Heavy duty members are placed _____ inches on the center in the walls, floors, and roof structure of train cars.
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12-24"
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The weight of most railcars is concentrated in the ___________.
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The lower of the structure.
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Passenger trains can travel up to ____ mph.
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150 mph.
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____ volt DC- Third rails for trains.
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600 volt
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Passenger cars can seat how many passengers?
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_____ passengers
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The inner pane of all railcar windows are always_________.
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Lexan
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Deisel train engines can carry up to ______ gallons of deisel fuel.
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22,000
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What type of glass is 250 times stronger than glass and 30 times stronger than plexiglass?
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Lexan
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What railcars do not have side-entry doors?
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Dinner and buffet railcars
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Breaching walls of a railroad car will almost certainly require a _________.
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Oxyacetylene Torch
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What is required on all industrial and agricultural veh. by OSHA?
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ROPS (roll-over protection systems)
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Tracked veh. are commonly called?
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Crawlers or tracklayers
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If a victim is stuck in a piece of machinery, _____________.
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the machinery must be removed from around the victim.
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T or F: Never reverse the machinery in an attempt to free the victim.
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False (You can if you are sure it is safe to do so.)
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