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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When does kidney disease manifest?
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Not until the GFR is 10-15%
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How does creatinine change in kidney function problems?
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Serum creatinine goes up; urine creatinine goes down.
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What are 4 lab ways to measure kidney function?
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-Serum creatinine
-Urine Creatinine clearance and BUN -Inulin clearance (GFR) -Nuclear medicine studies (GFR) |
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3 types of acute renal failure:
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-Prerenal
-Intrarenal -Postrenal |
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What does prerenal ARF mean?
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The ARF is caused by a sudden and severe drop in BP (shock) or bloodflow via injury/illness.
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What does intrarenal ARF mean?
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The kidney disease is due to direct damage to the kidneys
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What is postrenal ARF?
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Sudden obstruction of urine flow
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What is the BUN/Cr ratio normally?
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10
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What does it tell you if the BUN/Cr ratio is elevated, like 25?
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That a person is dehydrated
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Why does renal failure occur in dehydration?
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Because their glomerular hydrostatic pressure is low due to decreased blood volume, so less filtration occurs.
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So what type of ARF is dehydration?
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Prerenal
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What is the approximate MAP range for renal autoregulation?
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50-150 mm Hg
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What happens if MAP goes below 50, say during surgery?
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GFR doesn't remain normal; it starts to fall, and results in reduced renal output.
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Why is it bad when bloodflow to the renal outer medulla of the kidney falls below normal?
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Because the outer medulla has a very high O2 consumption rate, higher than anywhere else actually. If there is not enough O2, necrosis ensues.
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How can you tell if Acute Tubular Necrosis has occured?
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You'll see cellular casts in the urinalysis.
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What type of ARF is acute tubular necrosis?
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Intrarenal.
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Why does post-strep glomerulonephritis occur?
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Because Ag-Ab complexes insert themselves in the glomerulus.
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What do SMALL changes in creatinine represent?
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Huge changes in GFR!!!
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Why?
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Because we have sooo many nephrons, we have a huge reserve in how we can handle serum creatinine.
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What can cause postrenal ARF?
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-Tubal ligation gone wrong
-Kidney stones |
