Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
A TYPE OF WAVE THAT CARRIES ENERGY, NOT MATTER, FROM PLACE TO PLACE.
|
DEFINITION OF SOUND
|
|
|
IS A SOUND WAVE LONGITUDINAL OR TRANSVERSE?
|
LONGITUDINAL & MECHANICAL WAVE MADE OF COMPRESSIONS AND RAREFRACTIONS.
|
|
|
WHAT ARE THE FREQUECIES OF AUDIBLE SOUND VS. ULTRASOUND
|
ULTRASOUND = 20,000 HZ
AUDIBLE = 20-20,000 HZ |
|
|
THE RATE AT WHICH SOUND TRAVELS THROUGH A MEDIUM (METERS/SECOND)
|
PROPAGATION SPEED
|
|
|
TRUE OR FALSE- PROPAGATION SPEED IS DETERMINED BY MEDIUM ONLY
|
TRUE
|
|
|
THE NUMBER OF CERTAIN EVENTS THAT OCCUR IN A PARTICULAR TIME DURATION
|
FREQUENCY
|
|
|
WHAT IS THE UNITS FOR FREQUENCY AND IT'S TYPICAL VALUES?
|
HERTZ-HZ
TYPICAL UNIT: 2MHZ-10MHZ |
|
|
TRUE OR FALSE- FREQUENCY IS DETERMINED BY MEDIUM
|
FALSE- FREQUENCY IS DETERMINED BY SOURCE
|
|
|
THE LENGTH OR DISTANCE OF A SINGLE CYCLE
|
WAVELENGTH
|
|
|
NAME THE UNIT FOR WAVELENGTH AND WHAT DETERMINES IT (SOUND SOURCE OR MEDIUM).
|
UNITS: METERS (ANY UNIT OF LENGTH)
DETERMINED BY: BOTH SOUND SOURCE AND MEDIUM |
|
|
WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR WAVELENGTH?
|
WAVELENGTH= PROP SPEED/FREQUENCY
|
|
|
WHAT IS THE WAVELENGTH IN SOFT TISSUE?
|
1MHZ=1.54MM
RULE: IN SOFT TISSUE, DIVIDE 1.54 BY FREQUENCY |
|
|
WHAT RELATIONSHIP DO FREQUENCY AND DEPTH HAVE?
|
INVERSELY RELATED.
INCREASE FREQUENCY, DECREASE DEPTH |
|
|
PUT IN ORDER OF FASTEST PROPAGATION SPEED TO SLOWEST; TISSUE, AIR, BONE, MUSCLE
|
BONE, MUSCLE, TISSUE, AIR
|
|
|
TRUE OR FALSE= BLOOD HAS SIMILAR PROPAGATION SPEED AS SOFT TISSUE
|
TRUE
|
|
|
THE NUMBER OF CERTAIN EVENTS THAT OCCUR IN A PARTICULAR TIME DURATION
|
FREQUENCY
|
|
|
WHAT IS THE UNITS FOR FREQUENCY AND IT'S TYPICAL VALUES?
|
HERTZ-HZ
TYPICAL UNIT: 2MHZ-10MHZ |
|
|
TRUE OR FALSE- FREQUENCY IS DETERMINED BY MEDIUM
|
FALSE- FREQUENCY IS DETERMINED BY SOURCE
|
|
|
THE LENGTH OR DISTANCE OF A SINGLE CYCLE
|
WAVELENGTH
|
|
|
NAME THE UNIT FOR WAVELENGTH AND WHAT DETERMINES IT (SOUND SOURCE OR MEDIUM).
|
UNITS: METERS (ANY UNIT OF LENGTH)
DETERMINED BY: BOTH SOUND SOURCE AND MEDIUM |
|
|
WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR WAVELENGTH?
|
WAVELENGTH= PROP SPEED/FREQUENCY
|
|
|
WHAT IS THE WAVELENGTH IN SOFT TISSUE?
|
1MHZ=1.54MM
RULE: IN SOFT TISSUE, DIVIDE 1.54 BY FREQUENCY |
|
|
WHAT RELATIONSHIP DO FREQUENCY AND DEPTH HAVE?
|
INVERSELY RELATED.
INCREASE FREQUENCY, DECREASE DEPTH |
|
|
PUT IN ORDER OF FASTEST PROPAGATION SPEED TO SLOWEST; TISSUE, AIR, BONE, MUSCLE
|
BONE, MUSCLE, TISSUE, AIR
|
|
|
TRUE OR FALSE= BLOOD HAS SIMILAR PROPAGATION SPEED AS SOFT TISSUE
|
TRUE
|
|
|
TRUE OR FALSE= IMPEDANCE IS A CHARACTERISTIC OF A SOUND WAVE AND MEDIUM
|
FALSE- IMPEDANCE IS A CHARACTERISTIC OF THE MEDIUM ONLY
|
|
|
WHAT IS THE UNIT FOR IMPEDANCE?
|
RAYLS
*OFTEN EXPRESSED AS THE LETTER Z |
|
|
WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR IMPEDANCE?
|
IMPEDANCE (Z)= DENSITY (KG/M3)*PROP SPEED (M/S)
|
|
|
WHAT IS THE DECREASE OF INTENSITY, POWER, AND AMPLITUDE OF A SOUND WAVE AS IT TRAVELS?
|
ATTENUATION
REMEMBER: *UNRELATED TO SPEED* |
|
|
WHAT IS THE UNIT FOR ATTENUATION AND IS IT ALWAYS NEGATIVE OR POSITIVE?
|
dB
NEGATIVE |
|
|
WHAT ARE THE 3 COMPONENTS OF ATTENUATION?
|
1. ABSORPTION
2. REFLECTION 3. SCATTERING |
|
|
WHAT TWO THINGS WILL INCREASE THE TOTAL ATTENUATION ?
|
1. HIGHER FREQUENCY
2. LONG PATH LENGTH |
|
|
ARRANGE IN ORDER OF LEAST TO MOST ATTENUATION; AIR, WATER, BONE & LUNG, SOFT TISSUE
|
WATER, SOFT TISSUE, BONE AND LUNG, AIR
|
|
|
WHAT OCCURS WHEN PROP SOUND ENERGY STRIKES A BOUNDARY BETWEEN TWO MEDIA AND SOME RETURNS TO THE TRANSDUCER?
|
REFLECTION
|
|
|
WHAT TYPE OF REFLECTION OCCURS WITH A SMOOTH REFLECTOR (MIRROR)?
|
SPECULAR REFLECTOR
|
|
|
AT WHAT ANGLE IS A SPECULAR REFLECTOR WELL SEEN?
|
90 DEGREES
|
|
|
WHAT IS SOUND THAT IS REFLECTED IN A DISORGANIZED AND RANDOM ORDER?
|
DIFFUSE REFLECTION OR BACKSCATTER
|
|
|
TRUE OR FALSE= BACKSCATTER OCCURS WHEN THE BOUNDARY HAS IRREGULARITIES THAT ARE APPROX THE SAME SIZE AS THE SOUNDS WAVELENGTH?
|
TRUE
|
|
|
WHAT IS SCATTERING?
|
IF THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN TWO MEDIA HAS IRREGULARITIES THEN THE WAVE MAY BE CHAOTICALLY REDIRECTED IN ALL DIRECTIONS (IRREGULARITIES ARE SIMILAR IN SIZE OR A BIT SMALLER THAN THE PULSE'S WAVELENGTH)
|
|
|
WHAT IS RAYLEIGH SCATTERING?
|
REFLECTOR IS MUCH
SMALLER THAN THE WAVELENGTH OF SOUND |
|
|
WHAT IS ANOTHER WORD FOR RAYLEIGH SCATTERING?
|
OMNIDIRECTIONAL= EQUAL SCATTERING OF ALL DIRECTIONS
|
|
|
WHAT IS RAYLEIGH SCATTERING DIRECTLY RELATED TO?
|
FREQUENCY
|
|
|
NORMAL INCIDENCE = ___DEGREES
|
90 DEGREES
|
|
|
INCIDENT INTENSITY= REFLECTED INTENSITY + _________ INTENSITY
|
TRANSMITTED
|
|
|
THE PERCENTAGE OF THE ULTRASOUND INTENSITY THAT BOUNCES BACK WHEN THE SOUND STRIKES A BOUNDARY
|
INTENSITY REFLECTION COEFFICIENT
|
|
|
PERCENTAGE OF THE ULTRASOUND INTENSITY THAT IS ALLOWED TO PASS THROUGH WHEN THE BEAM REACHED THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN TWO MEDIUM
|
INTENSITY TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT
|
|
|
TRUE OR FALSE- IRC AND ITC ARE UNITLESS. ONLY REPRESENTED IN PERCENTAGES
|
TRUE
|
|
|
WHEN DOES REFLECTION OCCUR WITH NORMAL INCIDENCE?
|
WHEN TWO MEDIA AT THE BOUNDARY HAVE DIFFERENT ACCOUSTIC IMPEDANCES.
|
|
|
WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR IRC?
|
IRC= Z2-Z1 / Z2+Z1
NOTE: THE GREATER THE DIFFERENCE IN IMPEDANCES, THE GREATER THE AMOUNT OF REFLECTION |
|
|
WHAT IS THE EQAUTION FOR ITC?
|
ITC = TRANSMITTED INTENSITY / INCIDENCE INTENSITY
|
|
|
TRUE OR FALSE: REFLECTION ALWAYS OCCURS WITH OBLIQUE INCIDENCE.
|
FALSE- REFLECTION MAY OR MAY NOT OCCUR. SIMPLY ANSWER I DON'T KNOW
|
|
|
WITH OBLIQUE INCIDENCE REFLECTION ANGLE= __________________
|
REFLECTION ANGLE = INCIDENCE ANGLE
|
