Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the 4 main visceral arterial branches, and what does each supply
|
1. celiac artery-stomach, liver, pancreas, duodenum, and spleen
2. SMA-small intestine, cecum, asc. colon, trx colon 3. renal arteries-kny 4. IMA-lg. intestine |
|
|
what are the tributaries to the palmar and plantar arches?
|
radial-deep palmar
ulnar-superficial palmar plantar arch-originates from the anterior tibial and dorsalis pedis artery. |
|
|
After arising from the distal popiteal artery, the anterior tibial artery passes superficialto what membrane?
|
interosseus membrane
|
|
|
using the fibula and tibia as landmarks, name tha calf artery that is medial to the fibula
|
peroneal
|
|
|
THe EIA travels in an inferolateral direction along the medial side of what muscle?
|
psoas
|
|
|
in passing underneath a certain structure, the EIA becomes the femoral artery. What is the stucture that it passes under/
|
inguinal ligament
|
|
|
What are the 3 lyers of the arterial wall?
|
intima
media adventicia(serosa)(externa) |
|
|
Vasa vasorum
|
"vessels of the vessels"-network of small blood vessels that supply blood to the walls of larger ones
|
|
|
What are the characteristics of claudication?
|
-pain in muscles usually occuring during exercise, subsiding w/ rest
-due to inadequate blood supple to muscle -discomfort is predictable, and reproducable, and subsides within minutes after rest. |
|
|
Describe rest pain
|
more severe symptoms
occur when limb is not dependant(comes on in bed, and is releived by sitting uo) -blood flow assisted by gravitational effect |
|
|
What are the most frequent sites of claudication? what level of arterial disease is indicated by each?
|
buttocks-aorto-illiac occlusive disease if bilateral, and iliac artery disease if unilateral
thigh-illiac +/or CFA disease calf-femoro-popiteal |
|
|
Describe primary raynauds?
|
-occurs in young women
-usually bilateral -intermittent digital ishemia occurs due to digital arterial spasm -occurs due to emotional stress, exposure to cold, or other factors |
|
|
explain secondary raynaud's disease/
|
-More severe than primary
-aka phenomenon -first manifestation of beurger's disease -normal vasoconstrictive response of the arterioles are superimposed on an already fixed arterial obstruction -constant ishemia -underlying disease |
|
|
What exam is used to distinguish primary from secondary raynaid's disease?
|
PPG
|
|
|
Name and explain 4 types of aneurysms?
|
-Fusiform-diffuse dialation
-saccular-localized -dissecting-sear btw intima and media -Pseudoaneurysm-results from defect in main artery wall(ie. post catheter insertion) |
|
|
Arteriitis
|
-main type is beurger's disease(thromboangitis obliterans)
-assoc w/ heavy smoking in men<40 -can affect tibial, peroneal, and smaller more distal arteries |
|
|
Coarctation of the Aorta; and clinical signs
|
-constriction of part of the aorta; esp. distal to lt. subclavian
-symptoms include: hypertension, manifestations of LE ishemia |
|
|
What are the complications of dissection?
|
thrombosis, leading to stenosis or occlusion
|
|
|
Name 4 sights that can be auscultated with a stethoscope
for the presence of a bruit? |
-Carotid artery
-femoral artery -aorta -popiteal artery |
|
|
What could the absence of a bruit upon auscultation suggest?
|
-severe stenosis(>90% diameter reduction) because blood flow decreases(also known as pre-occlusive)
-there is no longer any tissue vibrations that would normally occur distal to a stenosis |
|
|
Describe the cause of Pallor, rubor, and cyanosis
|
Pallor-deficient blood supply
Rubor-vessel damage of dialation secondary to reactive hyperemia Cyanosis-deoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood |
|
|
If a patients limb is quite pale or normal color while laying supine, but becomes overly red upon sittig up, what is this called?
|
dependancy rubor
|
|
|
what are the symptoms associated with acute arterial occlusion?
|
-pain
-pallor -pulselessness -paresthesia -paralysis |
|
|
why is acute arterial occlusion an emergency situation?
|
-doesn't provide for the development of adequate collaterals
|
|
|
What are the drawbacks of analog doppler display?
|
-signal easily effected by noise
-display is less sensistive than spectral analysis -high velocities tend to be underestimated -low velocities tend to be oversetimated |
|
|
Name and explain the 3 types of high resisitant signals?
|
-Triphasis signals-forward flow, reverse flow, forward flow in diastole, and no flow end diastole
-biphasic-forward flow followed by reversed flow during systole and no flow end diastole -monophasic-forward flow during systole and no flow at end diastole |
|
|
What may cause a high pitched signal during CW doppler?
|
-acute probe angle
-significant arterial obstructive disease may be present |
|
|
T/F flow moving away from atheroarterial disease usually becomes lower resistant?
|
true because of vasodialation
|
|
|
What conditions might produce a doppler signal that is both monophasic, yet continuous?
|
-Due to proximal obstruction; vessels vasodialate in order to recieve as much inflow as possible
-During exercise, extremitiy demands arterial flow, so blood vessels dialate |
|
|
What are some limitations of CW doppler?
|
-it cannot differernetiate btw stenosis and occlusion, or located the precise area of obstruction
-calcified vessels yield falsely elevated doppler pressures -difficult to differentiate btw obstructive disease of the CFA and disease of the EIA |
