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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Symptoms?
-------------------- Wallenberg's Syndrome (6) |
1. Ipsilateral vertigo, vomiting, nystagmus (vestibular nucleus)
2. Ipsilateral limb ataxia (inf cerebellar peduncle) 3. Ipsilateral loss of pain and temperature from face (spinal trigem tract) 4. Ipsilateral Horner's syndrome 5. Ipsilateral dysphagia, hoarseness (nucleus ambiguus) 6. Contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensation from trunk and limbs (lat spinothalamic tract) |
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Symptoms?
-------------------- Lateral pontine syndrome (9) |
Syndrome?
-------------------- 1. Ipsilateral tinnitus or deafness (cochlear nerve) 2. Ipsilateral ataxia (inf cerebellar peduncle) 3. Ipsilateral paralysis of conjugate gaze (parabducens nucleus) 4. Ipsilateral vertigo, vomiting, nystagmus (vestibular nerve) 5. Ipsilateral Horner's syndrome 6. Ipsilateral facial anesthesia (sensory root of V) 7. Ipsilateral jaw weakness (motor root of V) 8. Ipsilateral facial paralysis (VII) 9. Contralateral loss of pain and temp from trunk and limbs (spinothalamic) |
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AKA?
-------------------- Lateral pontine syndrome |
AKA?
-------------------- Foville's syndrome |
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Symptoms?
-------------------- Medial pontine syndrome (6) |
Syndrome?
-------------------- 1. Ipsilateral lateral rectus paralysis (abducens nucleus) 2. Ipsilateral facial paralysis (facial nerve) 3. Ipsilateral ataxia (transverse pontine fibers) 4. Contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensation from face (trigeminothalamic tract) 5. Contralateral loss of joint position sense (medial lemniscus) 6. Contralateral hemiplegia (pyramidal tract) |
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AKA?
-------------------- Medial pontine syndrome |
AKA?
-------------------- Millard-Gubler syndrome |
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Symptoms?
-------------------- Dorsal midbrain syndrome (8) |
Syndrome?
-------------------- 1. Ipsilateral diplopia, dilated pupil (CN III) 2. Ipsilateral Horner's 3. Contralateral loss of pain and temp from trunk and limbs (spinothalamic tract) 4. Contralateral loss of pain and temp from face (trigeminothalamic tract) 5. Contralateral loss of limb position sense (medial lemniscus) 6. Contralateral resting tremor (red nucleus) 7. Contralateral ataxia (dentatothalamic tract, after crossing) 8. Contralateral monoplegia (pyramidal tract, leg fibers) |
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AKA?
-------------------- Dorsal midbrain syndrome |
AKA?
-------------------- Claude's syndrome |
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Symptoms?
-------------------- Ventral midbrain syndrome (3) |
Syndrome?
-------------------- 1. Ipsilateral diplopia, dilated pupil (CN III) 2. Ipsilateral ataxia (R dentatothalamic tract before crossing, may be absent) 3. Contralateral hemiplegia, mainly upper limb and face |
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AKA?
-------------------- Ventral midbrain syndrome |
AKA?
-------------------- Weber's syndrome |
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Def?
-------------------- Benedikt's syndrome |
Syndrome?
-------------------- Claude's syndrome + Weber's syndrome |
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Symptoms?
------------------------- Gerstmann's syndrome |
Disorder?
------------------------- 1. Difficulty with calculations 2. Right-left confusion 3. Finger agnosia 4. Difficulty with written language |
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Lesion location?
------------------------- Gerstmann's syndrome |
Disorder?
------------------------- Inferior parietal lobule in dominant hemisphere |
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Def?
------------------------- achromatopsia |
Term?
------------------------- Inability to recognize colors |
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Def?
------------------------- palinopsia |
Term?
------------------------- Persistence or reapperance of an object viewed earlier |
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What is the frequency of different cerebral aneurysm locations?
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- AComm 30%
- PComm 25% - MCA 20% - Vertebrobasilar 15% |
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Clinical sign?
----------------------- Pcomm aneurysm |
Aneurysm location?
----------------------- Third-nerve palsy |
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Risk factors?
----------------------- Intracranial aneurysm (4) |
1. Atherosclerotic disease
2. Congenital anomalies in cerebral blood vessels 3. Polycystic kidney disease 4. Connective tissue disorders (i.e. Marfan's) |
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Risk factors?
----------------------- Aneurysm rupture (4) |
1. HTN
2. Cigarette smoking 3. EtOH consumption 4. Situations causing elevated BP |
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Rebleeding risk?
----------------------- SAH 2/2 aneurysmal rupture |
4% in the first day, 20% in the first two weeks
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Most common locations (in descending order of frequency)?
----------------------- Hypertensive ICH |
1. Basal ganglia (usually putamen)
2. Thalamus 3. Cerebellum 4. Pons |
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Most common cause?
----------------------- Lobar ICH |
Amyloid angiopathy
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Symptoms? (5)
--------------------------- Stroke in Left MCA superior division |
Stroke location?
--------------------------- 1. Right face weakness 2. Right arm weakness 3. Broca's aphasia 4. Possible right face sensory loss 5. Possible right arm sensory loss |
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Symptoms? (5)
--------------------------- Stroke in Left MCA inferior division |
Stroke location?
--------------------------- 1. Wernicke's aphasia 2. Right visual field deficit 3. Right face sensory loss 4. Right arm sensory loss 5. Possible mild right-sided weakness (although often no motor symptoms) |
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Symptoms? (2)
--------------------------- Stroke in Left MCA deep territory |
Stroke location?
--------------------------- 1. Right pure motor hemiparesis 2. Possible aphasia |
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Symptoms? (5)
--------------------------- Stroke in Left MCA stem infarct |
Stroke location?
--------------------------- 1. Right hemiplegia 2. Right hemianesthesia 3. Right homonymous hemianopsia 4. Global aphasia 5. Possible left gaze preference |
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Symptoms? (5)
--------------------------- Stroke in Right MCA superior division |
Stroke location?
--------------------------- 1. Left face weakness 2. Left arm weakness 3. Left hemineglect 4. Possible left face sensory loss 5. Possible left arm sensory loss |
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Symptoms? (5)
--------------------------- Stroke in Right MCA inferior division |
Stroke location?
--------------------------- 1. Profound left hemineglect 2. Left visual field deficit 3. Left somatosensory deficit 4. Possible mild right-sided weakness 5. Possible right gaze preference |
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Symptoms? (2)
--------------------------- Stroke in Right MCA deep territory |
Stroke location?
--------------------------- 1. Left pure motor hemiparesis 2. Possible leg hemineglect |
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Symptoms? (5)
--------------------------- Stroke in Right MCA stem |
Stroke location?
--------------------------- 1. Left hmiplegia 2. Left hemianesthesia 3. Left homonymous hemianopsia 4. Profound left hemineglect 5. Right gaze preference |
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Symptoms? (5)
--------------------------- Stroke in Left ACA |
Stroke location?
--------------------------- 1. Right leg weakness 2. Right leg sensory loss 3. Frontal lobe abnormalities 4. Possible transcortical aphasia 5. Possible right hemiplegia (if large) |
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Symptoms? (5)
--------------------------- Stroke in Right ACA |
Stroke location?
--------------------------- 1. Left leg weakness 2. Left leg sensory loss 3. Frontal lobe abnormalities 4. Possible left hemineglect 5. Possible left hemiplegia (if large) |
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Symptoms? (5)
--------------------------- Stroke in Left PCA |
Stroke location?
--------------------------- 1. Right homonymous hemianopsia 2. Possible alexia without agraphia (if splenium of corpus callosum) 3. Possible aphasia (if thalamus) 4. Possible right hemisensory loss (if thalamus) 5. Possible right hemiparesis (internal capsule) |
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Symptoms? (3)
--------------------------- Stroke in Right PCA |
Stroke location?
--------------------------- 1. Left homonymous hemianopsia 2. Possible hemisensory loss 3. Possible left hemiparesis |
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Def?
--------------------------- "alien hand syndrome" |
Disorder?
--------------------------- Semiautomatic movements in an arm out of voluntary control |
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Location of lesion?
--------------------------- "alien hand syndrome" |
Contralateral supplementary motor area
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Common Lacunar syndromes?
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1. Pure motor hemiparesis (or dysarthria hemiparesis)
2. Ataxic hemiparesis 3. Pure sensory stroke 4. Sensorimotor stroke 5. Basal ganglia lacune |
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Symptoms? (2)
--------------------------- Pure motor hemiparesis (or dysarthria hemiparesis) |
Syndrome?
--------------------------- 1. Unilateral face, arm, and leg weakness 2. Dysarthria |
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Possible lesion locations?
--------------------------- Pure motor hemiparesis (or dysarthria hemiparesis) |
1. Posterior limb of internal capsule
2. Ventral pons 3. Corona radiata 4. Cerebral peduncle |
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Symptoms? (3)
--------------------------- Ataxic hemiparesis |
Syndrome?
--------------------------- 1. Unilateral face, arm, and leg weakness 2. Dysarthria 3. Ataxia on the same side as the weakness |
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Possible lesion locations?
--------------------------- Ataxic hemiparesis |
1. Posterior limb of internal capsule
2. Ventral pons 3. Corona radiata 4. Cerebral peduncle |
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Symptoms? (3)
--------------------------- Pure sensory stroke |
Syndrome?
--------------------------- Sensory loss of all modalities in contralateral face and body |
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Lesion location?
--------------------------- Pure sensory stroke |
Resulting syndrome if stroke occurs in?
--------------------------- VPL of thalamus |
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Lesion location?
--------------------------- Sensorimotor stroke |
Resulting syndrome if stroke occurs in?
--------------------------- Posterior limb of internal capsule and either VPL or thalamic radiation |
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Symptoms? (3)
--------------------------- Sensorimotor stroke |
Stroke syndrome?
--------------------------- 1. Contralateral sensory loss 2. Contralateral motor loss 3. Dysarthria |
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Symptoms?
--------------------------- Basal ganglia lacune |
Stroke syndrome?
--------------------------- 1. Usually asymptomatic 2. May cause hemiballismus |
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Possible lesion location? (4)
--------------------------- Basal ganglia lacune |
Resulting syndrome if stroke occurs in?
--------------------------- 1. Caudate 2. Putamen 3. Globus pallidus 4. Subthalamic nucleus |
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Possible vessels involved? (3)
--------------------------- Stroke in posterior limb of internal capsule |
Blockage results in a stroke where?
--------------------------- 1. Lenticulostriate arteries 2. Anterior choroidal artery 3. Perforating branches of posterior cerebral artery |
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Possible vessels involved?
--------------------------- Stroke in VPL |
Blockage results in a stroke where?
--------------------------- Thalamoperforator branches of the posterior cerebral artery |
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Possible vessels involved? (2)
--------------------------- Sensorimotor stroke |
Blockage results in what type of stroke?
--------------------------- 1. Thalamoperforator branches of the PCA -OR- 2. Lenticulostriate arteries |
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Possible vessels involved? (4)
--------------------------- Basal ganglia lacune |
Blockage results in what type of stroke?
--------------------------- 1. Lenticulostriate arteries 2. Anterior choroidal artery 3. Thalamoperforator arteries 4. Heubner's arteries |
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Risk factors? (7)
--------------------------- Stroke |
1. HTN
2. DM 3. Hyperlipidemia 4. Cigarette smoking 5. Family history 6. Cardiac disease 7. Prior history of stroke or other vascular disease |
