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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is lymphangitis
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The presence of infection in the lymphatic vessels
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What is the presence of infection in the lymphatic vessels called?
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Lymphangitis
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What is lymphadenitis?
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When infection reaches the lymph nodes or glands
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What sort of pain is associated with deep vein thrombosis?
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Persistent pain
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What sort of conditions are associated with persistent pain?
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Deep vein thrombosis
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If the ankle arteries were calcified, where else could you take a reading for the ABPI?
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Toe pressures as digital arteries are less likely to calcify
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What is endocarditis?
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Endocarditis is an inflammation of the inner layer of the heart, the endocardium
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What problems can bacteraemia do in patients with infective endocarditis or rheumatic valvular disease?
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Bacteraemia may lead to bacterial growth on previously damaged heart valves or endocardium
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What can clubbed nails be a sign of?
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Pulmonary or cyanotic heart disease
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What is cyanotic heart disease?
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Cyanotic heart disease is a heart defect, present at birth (congenital), that results in low blood oxygen levels. There may be more than one defect. The defect affects the structure or function of the heart or vessels.
It can also be called Right-to-left cardiac shunt; Right-to-left circulatory shunt Cyanotic heart disease results in abnormal blood flow from the right to the left part of the body. This abnormal blood flow (called right-to-left shunt) causes too little oxygen to move through the blood. Cynanotic heart disease causes the child's skin to look blue (cyanosis). This bluish color is most often seen on the lips, fingers, and toes, or during exercise. |
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What is a sign of poor cardiac function?
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Cyanotic blue lips
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What can cause cyanotic blue lips?
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Poor cardiac function
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What are small plaques of brown lipid under the eyes associated with?
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Hyperlipidaemia and also associated with atherosclerosis
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How can hyperlipidaemia manifest itself?
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Small plaques of brown lipid under the eyes
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How can atherosclerosis manifest itself on the skin?
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Small plaques of brown lipid under the eyes
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What are beta blockers used for?
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Hypertension
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What are the names of some common beta-blockers?
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Atenalol, metaprolol, propranolol
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What is the action of a beta blocker?
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They act as competitive antagonists at the adrenergic beta receptors
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What side effects do beta blockers have on the lower limb?
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They can cause coldness of the extremities
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What are calcium channel blockers used for?
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Hypertension
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What are the names of some common calcium channel blockers
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Nifedipine, amlodipine, diltiazem, verapamil
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What is the action of a calcium channel blocker?
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Inhibit the influx of calcium in vascular smooth muscle and therefore cause relaxation
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What side effects do calcium channel blockers have on the lower limb?
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Ankle oedema
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What is propanolol?
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It is a beta blocker
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What action does propanolol have?
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It is a beta adrenoceptor antagonist
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What effect can propranolol have on the lower limb?
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Paraesthesia
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What is propranolol used for?
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Hypertension
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What is an ACE inhibitor?
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An ACE inhibitor is an angiotensin-II receptor antagonist
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What are the names of ACE inhibitors?
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Enalapril, ramipril
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What does ACE stand for?
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Angiotensin converting enzyme
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What effect do ACE inhibitors have on the lower limb?
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Muscle cramps
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What are ACE inhibitors used for?
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Hypertension
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