Vascular Anatomy

Front 1

What are the three elastic arteries originating along the aortic arch that supply blood to the head, neck and shoulders

Back 1

Brachiocephalic
Left common carotid
Left subclavian

Front 2

What regions does the thyrocervical trunk supply?

Back 2

Thr thyrocervical artery supplies neck muscles, as well as muscles of the upper back and shoulders.

Front 3

Which artery comes after the subclavian after passing the upper border of the first rib?

Back 3

The axillary artery.

Front 4

What is the name of the arteries that directly supply blood to tissues that proximate the head of the humerus?

Back 4

Humeral circumflex arteries.

Front 5

Which two ulterior arteries are found after the brachial artery divides?

Back 5

Radial
Ulnar

Front 6

Where is the carotid sinus located?

Back 6

The carotid sinus is located at the base of the internal carotid artery.

Front 7

As the internal carotid arteries rise to the level of the optic nerves, each artery branches into three progressing arteries. What are these arteries?

Back 7

Opthalmic
Anterior cerebral
Middle cerebral

Front 8

The lingual artery branches off the common carotid. True/False

Back 8

True.

Front 9

The vertebral arteries enter into the cranium through what structure?

Back 9

Foramen magnum.

Front 10

How is the basilar artery formed?

Back 10

The vertebral arteries fuse along the lower lateral surface of the medulla oblongata to form the basilar artery.

Front 11

Which four arteries make up the cerebral arterial circle?

Back 11

The anterior and posterior communicating arteries
The anterior and posterior cerebral arteries.

Front 12

The ___________________________________ is one the most common blood vessels responsible for cerebrovascular accidents.

Back 12

Middle cerebral artery.

Front 13

When strokes impede the middle cerebral artery on the left side of the brain, what symptoms are likely to result?

Back 13

Aphasia with sensory and motor paralysis on the right side of the body.

Front 14

Strokes that affect vessels of the brain stem are usually not serious. True/False

Back 14

False. These strokes are commonly fatal.

Front 15

Are bronchial arteries involved in pulmonary gas exchange?

Back 15

No. These arteries are not involved in gas exchange.

Front 16

Which tissues do the superior phrenic arteries supply?

Back 16

The upper surface of the diaphram.

Front 17

What are the three unpaired arteries that come directly off of the aorta?

Back 17

The celiac trunk
The superior mesenteric
Inferior mesenteric

Front 18

The celiac artery delivers blood to which organs?

Back 18

The liver, stomach and the spleen.

Front 19

The inferior mesenteric artery delivers blood to the____________________________________.

Back 19

The terminal portions of the colon and rectum.

Front 20

The suprarenal arteries originate from what vessel?

Back 20

The suprerenals originate from either side of the aorta.

Front 21

The right internal iliac branches off of which vascular structure?

Back 21

The right external artery.

Front 22

What are four major tributaries of the internal iliac artery?

Back 22

The gluteal
Internal pudendal
Obturator
Lateral sacral arteries

Front 23

What is another name for the gonadal arteries in males?

Back 23

The testicular arteries.
In females they are the ovarian arteries.

Front 24

Just proximal to this vertebra, the terminal segment of the aorta divides to form a pair of elastic arteries.
Which specific vertebra is indicated and what are these two elastic arteries?

Back 24

L4
The right and left common iliac arteries

Front 25

What is the artery that just precedes the dorsalis pedis artery?

Back 25

The anterior tibial artery.

Front 26

The superficial veins of the head converge to form which three imporatant veins?

Back 26

Temporal
Facial
Maxillary

Front 27

Clinically, the external jugular vein is considered imporatnt for what reason?

Back 27

It is easily paplpale and is responsible for the jugular venous pulse.

Front 28

The basilic vein divides just proximally to divide into which two branches?

Back 28

The median cubital
Median antebrachial

Front 29

Which major vein located just inferior to the neck empties into the superior vena cava?

Back 29

The left brachiocephalic vein.

Front 30

What is the clinical importance of the median cubital vein?

Back 30

This vein is usually used for the drawing of blood samples.

Front 31

How is the brachiocephalic vein formed?

Back 31

From the subclavian vein.
This vein passes just superior to the first rib and the upper margin of the clavicle. At this point it merges with the external and internal jugular veins of that side. This fusion creates the brachiocephalic vein, also referred to as the innominate vein(not designated anatomically with a specific moniker).

Front 32

The azygos vein is a major tributary of the superior vena cava. True/False

Back 32

True. The azygos joins the superior vena cava at the vertebral level of T2.

Front 33

On the left side of the body, the azygos receives blood from which vein?

Back 33

The hemiazygos vein.
The azygos and the hemiazygos veins are major collection vessels of the thorax.

Front 34

Blood entering into the plantar veins is collected from where?

Back 34

The blood leaving capillaries in the sole of each foot is immediately collected by the plantar veins.

Front 35

The great saphenous vein ascends along the anterior aspect of the leg. True/False

Back 35

False. It ascends from the medial aspect.

Front 36

The great saphenous vein drains into which vein?

Back 36

The femoral vein.

Front 37

The small saphenous vein eventually drains into which vein located behind the knee?

Back 37

The popliteal vein.

Front 38

The internal iliac veins are formed are formed from the fusion of which 4 veins?

Back 38

Gluteal
Internal pudendal
Obturator
Lateral sacral

Front 39

The abdominal portion of the inferior vena cava collects blood from six major veins. What are they?

Back 39

Lumbar
Gonadal
Hepatic
Renal
Suprarenal
Phrenic

Front 40

What exactly is a portal vessel?

Back 40

This is a blood vessel connecting two capillary beds. This is called a portal system.

Front 41

Blood flowing within the hepatic portal system is considered somewhat different from other systemic veins. Why is this so?

Back 41

Hepatic portal vessels contain the substancesd that have been absorbed by the stomach and the intestines.
The hepatic portal system delivers these substances(glucose, amino acids) directly to the liver for metabolic conversion.

Front 42

What is the vein that collects blood from the right gastroepipoic vein?

Back 42

The superior mesenteric vein.

Front 43

In the fetus, blood flow to the placenta is provided by what type of vessels?

Back 43

Umbilical arteries.
The umbilical arteries enter the umbilical cord.

Front 44

The umbilical arteries arise from which vessels?

Back 44

The internal iliac arteries.

Front 45

What is the ductus venosus?

Back 45

The umbilical vein drains into this. The ductus venosus is a vascular link to the vascular network of veins within the developing liver.

Front 46

What happens to blood flow when the placental connection is separated and broken?

Back 46

Blood flow will stop along the umbilical vessels. These will soon degenerate. They become non functional fibrous cords.