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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Vancomycin mechanism
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Inhibition of bacterial cell wall cross-linking by binding to D-ala-D-ala
Bacteriocidal |
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Intermediate resistance to vancomycin
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Overproduction of PBP2, PBP2a
Overproduction of peptidoglycan precursors: thicker cell walls; drugs can't get to site of wall synthesis |
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High level resistance to vancomycin transfer means
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Transposon encoded from enterococcus
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High level resistance to vancomycin mechanism
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5 proteins essential:
-Removing terminal D-ala -Attaching of D-lac Results in D-ala-D-lac which can't be bound by vancomycin, dancomycin |
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Vancomycin absorption
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Not absorbed in GI tract
IV administration |
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Vancomycin distribution
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Well distribution
CSF penetration poor unless meninges are inflamed |
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Vancomycin metabolism
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Little metabolism.
T1/2 = 6 hr. |
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Vancomycin excretion
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Renal (glomerular) filtration
Excreted unchanged in urine |
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Vancomycin therapeutic uses
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Used to treat SERIOUS INFECTIONS:
- HA - MRSA - Clostridium difficile (antibiotic induced colitis) |
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Vancomycin adverse effects
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Hypersensitivity
High dose ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity "Red man" syndrome; flushing in neck, upper body in first after high dose administration due to histamine release |
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Daptomycin mechanism of action
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Penetrates membrane
Pore created that depolarizes the bacteria |
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Daptomycin resistance mechanism
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Alteration of membrane polarity that changes membrane charge
Alteration of 3 component regulatory system involved in the response of bacteria to antimicrobials |
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Daptomycin absorption
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IV
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Daptomycin distribution
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Penetrates plasma and interstitial fluid
Doesn't penetrate CSF |
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Daptomycin metabolism
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Isn't metabolized
T1/2 = 8.1 hr. |
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Daptomycin clinical uses
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Complicated skin, soft tissue infections
VISA, VRSA infections |
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Daptomycin adverse effects
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GI irritation
Increases in creatine kinase (only dose 1x/day) Contraindicated with statins; increased chance of muscle injury |
