Vaccination

Front 1

A live, but weakened vaccine

Back 1

Attenuated

Front 2

Which patients are attenuated vaccines NOT approved for?

Back 2

Immunocompromised

Front 3

Which type of virus is MMR?

Back 3

Attenuated

Front 4

Which type of vaccine is oral influenza (LAIV)?

Back 4

Attenuated

Front 5

Vaccine consisting of whole, killed microbes? What are they killed by?

Back 5

Inactivated whole agent vaccines ;
killed by phenol, formalin

Front 6

Which type of vaccine is IPV ? What does IPV stand for?

Back 6

Inactivated whole agent vaccines ;
Polio vaccine

Front 7

what type of vaccine is TIV? What does TIV stand for?

Back 7

Inactivated whole agent ;
trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine

Front 8

Vaccine made of inactivated toxins

Back 8

Toxoid or Antigen vaccine

Front 9

Does the toxoid vaccine provide life-long immunity?

Back 9

NO (toxoid)

Front 10

Does the MMR vaccine provide life-long immunity?

Back 10

YES (attenuated)

Front 11

What type of a vaccine uses live, avirulent, or attenuated viruses as vectors for expression of protective antigens from a pathogen in a host

Give an example

What is an advantage of this type of vaccine?

Back 11

Live vectored vaccines

Using Avipoxvirus to carry gene for rabies virus

Given in humans, it will not replicate.

Front 12

What is important to know about toxoid vaccines?

Back 12

No life-long immunity, need boosters.

Front 13

What is the name of the vaccine containing diptheria, tetanus, and pertussis? what is the name of the booster?

Back 13

DTaP

Tdap

Front 14

Vaccines produced through biotechnology using recombinant DNA?

Back 14

Synthetic aka Subunit vaccines

Front 15

What is an adjuvant?

Back 15

A substance that is added to the vaccine to increase immunity (be supplying the secondary signal)

Front 16

What is the "central dogma" of subunit vaccines?

Back 16

Recombinant DNA--> mRNA --> protein

Front 17

In a subunit vaccine, what acts as the 1st signal? What acts as the 2nd?

Back 17

1st= protein
2nd= adjuvant

Front 18

What is a major advantage of subunit vaccines?

Back 18

Cannot reproduce in the host, therefore, much safer and less adverse efffects/

Front 19

What type of vaccine is DTaP? Is it recombinant or conventional?

Back 19

D, T are toxoids
P is an acellular toxoid

Conventional (of the 2nd generation, meaning the protective components are cleaner, more specific and the contaminating proteins have been removed)

Front 20

What type of vaccine is HepB?

Back 20

Subunit (recombinant DNA used to express HBsAG in yeast)

Front 21

Why use conjugate vaccine?

Back 21

For <2 yoa, who do not develop an adequate immune response to T-independent vaccines

Simpler put- for immature immune systems

Front 22

What kind of vaccine uses polysaccharide antigen + protein to stimulate T-dependent immune responses

Back 22

Conjugate vaccine

Front 23

What are the two components that a conjugate vaccine uses? What does this do?

Back 23

bacterial Polysaccharide antigen+ carrier protein

produces the immune response by aide of the T-cells

Front 24

What does Hib stand for? What kind of vaccine is it?

Back 24

Haemophilus influenza type B vaccine.

Conjugate

Front 25

What does PCV stand for? What type of vaccine is it?

Back 25

Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine

Conjugate

Front 26

vaccine in which new, naked DNA IM via syringe

Back 26

DNA aka Nucleic Acid vaccines

Front 27

What is a "gene gun"

Back 27

Syringe which injects naked DNA IM as vaccine

Front 28

What type of immunity do nucleic acid vaccines stimulate?

Back 28

Humoral and cell-mediated

Front 29

Which type of vaccine is currently "Not reduced to practice?"

Back 29

Nucleic acid (DNA) vaccine (not yet FDA approved, only in trial)

Front 30

What are the advantages of nucleic acid vaccines?

Back 30

They are expressed in the host for prolonged periods

safe, but immunogenic

Don't require refrigerator or needles (good for developmental countries)

Front 31

Which disease has been fully eradicated due to vaccine? which one has almost been eradicated?

Back 31

Smallpox

Polio (paralytic)

Front 32

What does the ACIP stand for?

Back 32

Advisory Committee on immunization practices

Front 33

What sparked the decline in R&D for vaccines? What is an exception to this?

Back 33

antibiotic research

H1N1 - got a lot of publicity and payment

Front 34

What act limits manufacturer liability on vaccines?

Back 34

National Childhood vaccine Injury Act of 1986

Front 35

First exposure to an antigen ellicits the production of______________.

Second exposure of an antigen elicits the production of ______________ through activation of the _______ cells

Back 35

First exposure= Memory cells (can be B or T)

Second= Effector (CTLs) cells through activation of the memory cells

Front 36

Give an example of a cancer vaccine and what it contains

Back 36

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)

contains Recombinant DNA with sequences encoding CEA antigen and 3 co-stimulatory molecules

Front 37

Explain the depot effect

Back 37

A slow antigen release and prolonged antigen presentation