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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Immigration |
The act of coming to live permanently in a foreign country. |
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Why did people immigrate? |
Hope for better opportunities (better life), desire for religions freedom, escape from governments trying to hurt them, desire for adventure. |
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Why did cities grow an develop? |
Industry became specialized ( like meat packing in Chicago and steel making in Pittsburgh). People also immigrated to America from other countries. People moved from farm(rural) to urban (city) to find jobs. |
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What were the challenges of social and technology changes? |
Overcrowding of immigrant neighborhoods and development of tenements ( slums - unsanitary homes and living areas). |
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How did we try to solve immigration problems? |
Built settlement houses such as Hull House built by Jame Addams. Political parties grabbed power by pretending to help the needs of immigrants and creating housing and jobs. |
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Which groups of immigrants faced the most discrimination? |
Chinese and Irish. |
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What were some challenges faced by cities? |
Tenements, ghettos (slums), political corruption ( stealing, lying, intimidation by the political machines - political parties). |
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What is segregation? |
The action of setting someone or something apart from other people or things....like racial segregation ( could be black, white, male, female, Chinese, Irish, German, Native American) in counties, communities, states, business, schools, or any other place. |
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What is racial segregation? |
Based on race. Directed primarily against African Americans but other groups like Chinese and Irish were also involved. American Indians were not considered American citizens until 1924. |
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What are Jim Crow laws? |
Laws to discriminate agains African Americans. Made discrimination legal in many communities and states. Unequal opportunities in work, school, housing and government. |
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How did African Americans respond to Jim Crow laws and discrimination? |
Booker T. Washington used vocational education to provide training and jobs but he believed in social separation. W.E.B. DuBois believed in full political, civil, and social rights for African Americans. |
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After the Civil War and WWI, the US transformed from an agricultural to an industrial nation. What were some inventions that contributed to that change and growth? |
Electric lighting and use of electricity (Thomas Edison), telephone service (Alexander Graham Bell). |
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What reasons contributed to the rise and prosperity of big business? |
Transportation increased the markets where people could buy and sell goods. Advertising increased the visibility of products. The assembly line created lower costs in manufacturing. |
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Who were the major captains ( leaders) of industry and their products? |
John D. Rockefeller (oil), Andrew Carnegie (steel), Cornelius Vanderbilt ( shipping and railroads). |
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What factors resulted in the growth of industry? |
Access to raw materials and energy, availability of workers ( workforce) due to immigration, inventions, financial resources ( money). |
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Give some examples of big business. |
Steel, railroads, oil, auto manufacturing, cotton mills, electricity. |
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After WWI, how did farm life and city life change? |
Mechanization ( making machines to do the work) like the wheat reaper/corn reaper reduced farm labor needs and increased production: more industry in the cities demanded more workers: industrilization provided more access to goods ( mail order was invented). |
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What were some negative results of industrialization? |
Child labor, low wages, , long hours, unsafe working conditions |
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What were the goals of Woman's Suffrage? |
Increased education for all, voting rights for women |
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When did women get the right to vote? How did they get the right to vote? Who were 2 female leaders of the Woman's Movement? |
August 18, 1920 19th Amendment to the US Constitution Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton |
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What was the Temperance Movement? |
Composed of groups opposed to the making and consuming (drinking) of alcohol. Supported a constitutional amendment - the 18th Amendment to the US Constitution prohibiting the manufacture, sale and transport of any kind of alcoholic beverage. |
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During the rise of organized labor, what happened? |
Labor unions formed - growth of American Federation of Labor (AFL), strikes against companies ( Homestead Strike - industrial lockout and strike at a steel plant in 1892 that had lots of violence and ended with a huge setback for the unions). |
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What were some Progressive Era workplace reforms? |
Improved safety conditions, reduced work hours, restrictions placed on child labor |
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What was the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire and why was it important? |
March 1911, deadliest industrial disaster, 146 dead workers - mostly Jewish and Italian. Boss had locked the doors to exits ( to prevent lazy people taking breaks) so they could not get out when the fire started. Many jumped to their death or suffocated. |
