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30 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Biology
Study of Life
Anatomy
"cutting open": The study of internal and external structure and the physical relationships between body parts.
Gross Anatomy
Macroscopic anatomy: Gross Anatomy considers features visible to the unaided eye.
Surface anatomy
Refers to the study of general form and superficial markings.
Regional anatomy
Considers all of the superficial and internal features in a specific region of the body, such as the head, neck or trunk.
Systemic anatomy
Considers the sttructure of major organ systems which are groups of organs that function together in a coordinated manner; heart, blood, blood vessels form the cardiovascular system.
Microscopic Anatomy
concerns structures that cannot be seen without magnification.
Cytology
Analyzes the internal structure of individual cells.
Histology
Takes a broader perspective and examines tissues which are groups of specializedcells and cell products that work together to perform specific functions.
Human physiology
The study of the functions fo the human body.
Cell physiology
the study of the functions of living cells; includes events at the chemical or molecular levels - both within cells and between cells.
Special physiology
The study of physiology of specific organs; ex. - renal physiology (kidney function) and cardiac physiology (heart function)
Systemic physiology
Considers all aspects of the function of specific organ systems. Ex.- Respiratory and reproductive physiology.
Pathological physiology or Pathology
"Pathos" means disease. Pathology is the study of the effects of disease on the organ or system functions.
Name the levels of organization.
1. Chemical / molecular
2. Cellular 3. Tissue 4. Organ
5. Organ System 6. Organism
Homeostasis
Unchanging-standing; Refers to the existance of a stable internal environment.
Homeostatic regulation usually involves BLANK, BLANK AND BLANK.
A RECEPTOR, a CONTROL CENTER and an EFFECTOR.
Negative Feedback
Regardless of whether the stimulus (such as temperature) rises or falls at the receptor, a variation outside normal limits triggers an automatic response that corrects the situation.
Positive feedback
Supports and "incourages" the produced stemulus. EX. If a heater was programmed to come on when the temperature raised, it would be a "positive feedback".
The internal organs within the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities are called (BLANK).
Viscera: The internal organs of the body, specifically those within the chest (as the heart or lungs) or abdomen (as the liver, pancreas or intestines).

The singular of "viscera" is "viscus" meaning in Latin "an organ of the body."
Parietal
Parietal: Adjective from the Latin "parietalis" meaning "belonging to the wall" that the ancient anatomists used to designate the wall, as of a body cavity
Viscera Paricardium
The serous membrane of the paricardium that covers the heart is the viscera layer.
Parietal Paricardium
The serous membrane layer of the paricardium that is on the "outside" toward the body is the Parietal paricardium.
What divides the thoracic cavity from the abdominaopelvic cavity?
diaphragm
The serous membrane that lines a pleural cavity is called a (BLANK).
Pleura
A Pleural cavity surounds a (BLANK).
Lung
(BLANK) covers the outer surfaces of the lung; wheras the (BLANK) covers the opposing surface of the mediastinum and the inner body wall.
visceral pleura; perietal pleura
The abdominopelvic cavity extends from the (blank) to the (blank).
diaphragm / pelvis
The abdominapelvic cavity contains the serous membrane known as the (Blank).
peritoneum
The (blank) paritoneum lines the surface of the body and the (blank) paritoneum covers the enclosed organs.
parietal / visceral