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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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____ are a large group of both exogenous and endogenous substances.
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Adrenergics
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What does Exogenous mean?
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synthetic
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What does Endogenous mean?
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naturally-occurring
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Adrenergic drugs stimulate the ____ nervous system
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sympathetic
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Adrenergic drugs mimic the effects of the sympathetic nervous system neurotransmitters _____and ____
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norepinephrine and epinephrine (catecholamines)
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Some endogenous adrenergic drugs are ....
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epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine
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some synthetic adrenergic drugs are...
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isoproterenol, dobutamine, phenylephrine
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Where are Beta 1 adrenergic receptors located?
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on the myocardium, AV node, and SA node
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What results are seen when you stimulate a Beta 1 adrenergic receptor?
**think about where it's located! |
-increased force of contraction (+ inotropic effect)
-increased heart rate (+ chronotropic effect) -increase in conduction through the AV node (+ dromotropic effect) |
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Activation of Beta 2 adrenergic receptors results in...
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-relaxation of the bronchi (bronchodilation)
-relaxation of the uterus -Stimulate glycogenolysis (increase blood sugar) -Increase renin secretion |
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Levophed
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-if you're on this, you've got a pretty sick heart
-took off market at one time, but now it's back -if your patient is on this, monitor very very closely, esp. BP -Generic: Norepinephrine Bitartrate |
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Some common bronchial dilators are...
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albuterol, bitolterol, e phedrine, epinephrine, isoproterenol, lebalbuterol, terbutaline
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Nasal decongestants are affected by ____ adrenergic receptors
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alpha 1
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What is mydriasis?
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dilated pupils
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What is the difference in alpha 1 and alpha 2 adrenergic receptors?
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alpha 1receptors are located on postsynaptic effector cells; alpha 2 receptors are located on the presynaptic nerve terminals.
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Opthalmic indications
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work on the vasculature of the eyes and stimulate alpha-adrenergic receptors located on small arterioles in the eye; reduce ocular pressure and dilate pupils
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CNS effects of adrenergic agents:
(*remember everything is sped up!) |
headache, restlessness, excitement, insomnia, euphoria, hypertension, tachycardia, palpitations or dysrhythmias
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Beta-adrenergic agents cause...
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tremors, headache, nervousness, dizziness, palpitations, sweating, nausea, vomiting and muscle cramps
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Toxic effects of adrenergic agents...
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seizures, HTN, stroke
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What's proventil used for?
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anti-asthma
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Afrin & Dr. Warren's opinion of it...
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-nasal preparation/ deongestant (nasal spray)
-people love it -increase heart rate -Last 3 acute MI dr warren has seen, the patients were taking this -she wouldn't take it |
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Dobutamine (Dobutrex)
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-Beta 1 selective vasoactive adrenergic drug
-structurally similar to dopamine -increases cardiac output by increasing contractility & stroke volume, especially patients in heart failure |
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Dopamine (Intropin)
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-naturally occurring catecholamine neurotransmitting in the SNS
-B1 and A1 adrenergic receptor activity -low dosages dilate blood vessels, increasing blood flow -don't use in patients who h ave a catecholamine-secreting tumor of the adrenal gland ( pheochromocytoma) -only available in IV -Preg. catecory C |
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Isuprel
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Pure Beta blocker
dilates bronchioles |
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Norepinephrine (Levophed)
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-stimulates alpha receptors leading to vasoconstriction
-some direct effects on the heart (B1 receptor) -directly metabolized to dopamine -used primarily in treatment of hypotension a nd shock -preg. category D |
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Regitine
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-use for infiltration of dopamine
-5-10 mg in 10 mL normal saline -use needles to inject around site of infiltration |
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infiltration of dopamine
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makes black hole in your arm
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Breathine
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-used in pregnant women going into early labor
-will stop contractions |
