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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A class of drugs that are chemical derivatives of barbituric acid. Induce sleep and sedation. CNS depressant. Deprive people of REM sleep. Drowsiness, lethargy, dizziness, hangover. Rebound effect when stopped and causes nightmares.
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Barbiturates
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A chemical category of drugs most frequently prescribed as sedative-hypnotic and anxiolytic drugs.
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Benzodiazepines
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A severe life-threatening (15% of cases) disease, affects skin and mucous membranes. Fever, sore throat, and headache leading to lesions on the skin. Most extreme cases are termed Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis syndrome or Lyell's syndrome; in these cases entire skin is affected. No specific drug treatment.
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Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
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Intermediate-acting barbiturate; pre-op sedative
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Butalan
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Short-acting barbiturate; insomnia; can give pre-op 100-200 mg; acute seizure episodes; treat withdrawal symptoms in patients dependent on barbiturates or non-barbiturate hypnotics. Pregnancy category-D.
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Nembutal
(pentobarbital) |
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Long-acting barbiturate; commonly prescribed; prevention of generalized tonic-clonic seizures and fever-induced convulsions; useful in treatment of Gilbert's syndrome. Pregnancy category-D.
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Luminal
(phenobarbital) |
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Short-acting barbiturate; hypnotic drug; administer IV to control status epilepticus or acute seizures. Pregnancy category-D.
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Seconal
(secobarbital) |
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General name for a type of drug given to relieve anxiety
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Anxiolytic
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Long-acting benzodiazepine; 15 and 30 mg capsules. Hypnotic drug; short-term treatment of insomnia up to 4 weeks. Pregnancy category-X.
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Dalmane
(flurazepam) |
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Long-acting benzodiazepine; treatment of insomnia; available in 1 and 2 mg tablets. Pregnancy category-X.
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ProSom
(estazolam) |
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Long-acting benzodiazepine; available in 7.5 and 15 mg tablets; hypnotic drug; short-term treatment of insomnia up to 4 weeks. Pregnancy category-X.
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Doral
(quazepam) |
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Short-acting benzodiazepine; available in 7.5, 15, and 30 mg capsules; contraindicated in patients who have narrow-angle glaucoma; short-term treatment of insomnia; pregnancy category-X.
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Restoril
(temazepam) |
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Short-acting benzodiazepine; available in 0.125 and 0.25 mg tablets; short-term treatment of insomnia; give the smallest effective dose for the shortest possible duration. Pregnancy category-X.
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Holcion
(triazolam) |
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Newest short-acting non-benzodiazepine hypnotic drug; short-term treatment of insomnia up to 5 weeks; recommended use is no more than 10 days to avoid dependency; short half-life; available in 5 and 10 mg capsules; pregnancy category-C.
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Sonata
(zaleplon) |
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Short-acting; short-term treatment of insomnia limited to 7-10 days. Less lethargy and grogginess is experienced; available in 5 and 10 mg tablets; pregnancy category-B.
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Ambien
(zolpidem) |
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Muscle relaxer; usual oral dose is 5 mg 3x a day every 3 days until a max of 20 mg is reached. Pregnancy category-C.
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Lioresal
(baclofen) |
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Muscle relaxer; oral dose 10 mg 3x daily for 1 week; max dose of 60 mg daily; pregnancy category-B.
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Flexeril
(cyclobenzaprine) |
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Muscle relaxer; works directly on skeletal muscles; treats acute malignant hyperthermia; administer IV 1 mg/kg repeated up to 10 mg/kg; pregnancy category-C.
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Dantrium
(dantrolene) |
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Muscle relaxer; used for acute painful muscle spasticity
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Skelaxin
(metaxalone) |
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Muscle relaxer; short-acting; most commonly used in patients with multiple sclerosis or spinal cord injury
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Zanaflex
(tizanidine) |
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Contraindications of this general drug type include: patients who have a hypersensitivity reaction to these drugs or have compromised pulmonary function, active hepatic disease, or impaired myocardial function.
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Muscle relaxer
contraindications |
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Oldest non-barbiturate; does not suppress REM sleep and hangover effect is low because of short duration; causes tachyphylaxis; high dose leads to dependence and GI tract irritation.
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Nortec
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The rapid appearance of a progressive decrease in response to a pharmacologically or physiologically active substance after its repetitive administration.
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Tachyphylaxis
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Low white blood cell count results from this
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Agranulocytosis
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Romazicon
Give PO: 0.2 mg or IV: 2 mL over 30 seconds |
What specific drug is an antagonist of benzodiazepines?
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What drugs can you give to someone who is pregnant?
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Tylenol and Ampicillin
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