Uti And Invasive E. Coli And Other Opportunistics

Front 1

How do E. coli urinary tract infections occur?

Back 1

E. coli escape from the intestinal tract and colonize the urinary tract

Front 2

What are the two pili (fimbriae) found on E. coli that cause UTI and for what sort of infections are they generally responsible?

Back 2

The type 1 fimbriae is the most common fimbriae seen in UTI isolates and the P fimbriae is found particularly in pylonephritis isolates

Front 3

What are the clinical manifestations of invasive E. coli infections?

Back 3

Urinary tract infections, invasive infections such as neonatal meningitis, bacteremia/septic shock, pneumonia via aspiration

Front 4

Describe the pathogenesis of an E. coli UTI

Back 4

It is an ascending infection from the intestine and vagina where the bacteria adhere to the uroepitheliual cells and invade and replicate within the epithelium, causing inflammation in the bladder or kidneys

Front 5

Describe the pathogenesis of neonatal meningitis

Back 5

The vaginal E. coli colonize the infant during childbirth with rapid bloodstream invasion and localization to the meninges; 90% of strains have K1 strain

Front 6

In what patient population is bacteremia/septic shock seen with E. coli infection?

Back 6

Immunocompromised adults

Front 7

Describe the pathogenesis of bacteremia with E. coli

Back 7

Intestinal strains of E. coli invade into the bloodstream and produce large amounts of endotoxin, simulating inflammatory responses and resulting in sepsis

Front 8

What are some tests that are done on the urine to diagnose an E. coli UTI?

Back 8

Nitrate levels are assayed as well as leukocyte esterase

Front 9

What are the important members of the opportunistic enterobacteriaceae?

Back 9

Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus, enterobacter, providencia, serratia

Front 10

Where do klebsiella pneumonia generally reside?

Back 10

In the intestinal and upper respiratory tract of humans

Front 11

What are the most common infections seen with Klebsiella pneumonia?

Back 11

Nosocomial UTI, Community acquired or nosocomial pneumonia, and nosocomial bacteremia

Front 12

What is the major characteristic of pneumonia caused by klebsiella pneumonia and what patients does it usually occur?

Back 12

Klebsiella causes a pneumonia common in patients with alcoholism, diabetes, COPD; it produces a thick, mucoid sputum ("currant jelly") due to it's large mucoid capsule

Front 13

What kind of infections does Proteus cause?

Back 13

UTI infections, kidney stone formation with the production of urease

Front 14

What bacteria is associated with infant infections caused by contaminated infant formula?

Back 14

E. sakazakii - caused a neonatal sepsis, meningitis, and necrotizing enterocolitis

Front 15

Who commonly gets an uncomplicated UTI and what is the infecting organism?

Back 15

Uncomplicated UTI generally occur in premenopausal, sexually active women; generally caused by E. coli (80-90%)

Front 16

What organisms are usually the cause of complicated UTI?

Back 16

non-E. coli enterobacteria such as pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterococcus faecalis

Front 17

In what patient population are complicated UTI's generally seen?

Back 17

Men, hospitalized patients, function/anatomical abnormalities of the urinary tract, pregnancy, and diabetics

Front 18

What bacteria are responsible for UTI colonization via catheter contamination?

Back 18

Environmental bacteria such as proteus, K. pneumonia, enterobacter, providencia, serratia, and pseudomonas

Front 19

What bacteria are generally responsible for vaginal colonization leading to uncomplicated UTI?

Back 19

Intestinal bacteria such as E. coli, K. pneumonia, enterococcus, and candida