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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Rim enhancing lesion in AIDS
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CNS Lymphoma vs Toxo
1. start IV ppyrimethamine and sulfadizaine. 2. check response at 1 month 3. bx if no improvement, to document lymphoma. |
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2nd gen pens: dicloxacillin, nafcillin, oxacillin
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MSSA
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3rd gen pens - amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clauvanate, ampcillin(sulbactam)
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E.Coli, Proteus, H.flu, enteric gram negatives (b/c of beta lactamase inhibitors)
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4th gen pen - pip/tazo, ticarcillin/clauvanate
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Pseudomonas, resistant gram negatives
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1st gen cephs - cephazolin, cephalexin
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Staph, strep, PEcK: Proteus, E.coli, Klebsiella. Cephalosporins don't cover enterococci.
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2nd gen cephs - Cefaclor, cefuroxime
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1st gen + HEN:
H.flu Enterobacteriacea Neisseria (HEN PEcK) |
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Cephamycins - cefotetan, cefoxitin
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2nd gen ceph (HEN PEcK) and gram +/- anaerobes
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3rd gen cephs - Ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime
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Most gram neg aerobes.
Ceftriaxone for strep Ceftazaidime for pseudo. |
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4th gen - cefepime
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Gram neg aerobes, strep, Pseudomonas
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2nd gen quinolones - ciprofloxacin
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Gram neg aerobes, atypicals (Legionella, Mycoplasma, Chlamydia).
Pseudomonas |
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3rd gen quinolones - levofloxacin
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Gram neg aerobes, strep, atypicals. Not as good on pseudomonas.
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4th gen quinolones - Gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin
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gram pos, some anaerobes, weak gram neg coverage, atypicals
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Carbapenem - imipenem, meropenem
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most gram pos, gram neg, Pseudomonas and anaerobes.
Ertapenem has no pseudomonas or Enterococcus coverage. |
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Pseudomonas
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Pip/tazo, tic/clauvanate
Ceftazidime Ciprofloxacin Imipenem or Meropenem Aztreonam |
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Post chemo infections
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Fungal (e.g. invasive aspergillus)
Resistant gram pos (MRSA) |
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Parvo B 19 Infection
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Fever followed by slapped cheek. Pt is not contagious once the rash develops.
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Traveler's Diarrhea
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E.coli. Fecal-oral. Treat supportively, perhaps loperamide; ciprofloxacin if symptoms persist.
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Giardia
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Metronidazole is treatment. Sx bloating,loose stools, pains, follows CAMPING.
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Entamoeba histolytica
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Invasive, bloody diarrhea, mucus; liver abscesses, genitourinary involvement, less common in US.
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Meningococcal disease prophylaxis
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Rifampin, or ceftriaxone, or ciprofloxacin.
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Acute post-infectious cerebellar ataxia
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Often follows a varicella infection within prior month (small percentage have varicella vaccine)
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Moraxella catarrhalis
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Gram negative diplococci - part of normal flora of upper RT, common cause of otitis media and sinusitis. TREAT with amoxicllin-clavulanate, cefprozil, ceefuroxime, or a macrolide (erythromycin)
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Cutaneous crypto
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Think in HIV patients - may be similar in appearance to Molluscom contagiosum, herpes, or Kaposi's.
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Mucormycosis
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suspect in diabetics. Can invade ophthalmic artery causing decreased eye movement. TREAT w/ extensive surgical debridgement and Amphotericin B.
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Head lice
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Pediculus humanus capitis - sharing of hats,etc. TREAT with permethrin. It is only a nuissance and does not transfer any disease.
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Rocky Spotted Fever
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Faint macules on the ankles and wrists, which progresses to petechiae and truncal involement. TREAT with doxcy (same as for Lyme disease, and most campers with rashes).
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Scabies
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ITCHY rash on hands / abdomen / webspaces. Everywhere. CONFIRM dx with a drop of mineral oil and scrapping of the burrow hole. TREAT with permethrin cream - also to close contacts.
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HIV Prophylaxis
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200 - TMP-SMX for PCP
50 - Azithromycin for Mycobacterium avium complex. |
