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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How would you alkalinize the urine? What drugs would you want to do this for?
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Using NaHCO3 (Sodium Bicarb)
For acidic drugs like: - barbiturates (phenobarbital) - salicylates (ASA) - methotrexate |
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How would you acidify the urine? What drugs would you want to do this for?
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Acidify w/ NH3Cl (Ammonium Chloride)
Used for Amphetamines (basic) |
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What are the Phase I reactions?
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cytocHROme:
- hydrolysis - reduction - oxidation |
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What are the Phase II reactions?
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conjuGA(S)tion
- glucuronidation - acetylation - sulfation |
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What part of elimination / metabolism is lost as you age?
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Geriatrics lose Phase I first
(mnemonic: Geriatric patients have GAS = glycuronidation, acetylation, suflation = Phase II) |
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What are the Phase I inhibitors?
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PICK EGS (the first phase of an Easter Egg hunt):
P-protease inhibitors I-NH C-imetidine K-etokonazole E-rythromycin G-rapefruit juice S-ulfonamides |
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What are the effects of Competitive, Non-competitive, and partial agonists on Efficacy and Potency?
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COMPETE to P-ar-K your NI-ssan leaf (EV) in the whole foods parking lot:
- Competitive = ↓Potency (Km) - Non-competitive/Irreversible = ↓Efficacy (Vmax) - Partial agonist = ↓Efficacy but variable Potency changes |
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How do you calculate therapeutic index and what does it tell you?
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High TI = Safer Drug
TILE: TI = L-D50/E-D50 |
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What are some common drugs that have a low Therapeutic Index and must be monitored?
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L-ethal D-rugs so W-atch P-atients:
- Lithium - Digoxin - Warfarin/Coumadin - Phenobarbital |
