Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
define a carrier
|
person colonized by a potential pathogen withhout overt disease
|
|
|
Bacteremia
|
bacteria in bloodstream without overt clinical signs
|
|
|
Septicemia
|
bacteria in bloodstream (multiplying) with clinical symptoms
|
|
|
normal flora of blood and internal organs
|
none, generally sterile
|
|
|
normal flora of cutaneous surfaces inculding urethra and outer ear
|
staph. epidermidis
|
|
|
normal flora of nose
|
staph. aureus
|
|
|
normal flora oropharynx
|
Viridans streptococci, including Strp. mutans (cause of dental plaques)
|
|
|
normal flora of gingival crevices
|
Anaerobes: Bacteroides, Prevotella, Fusobacterium, Streptococcus, Actinomyces
|
|
|
normal flora of stomach
|
none
|
|
|
normal flora of colon (microaerophilic/anaerobic)
|
Babies; breast-fed only: Bifidobacterium
Adult: Bacteroides/Provotella (predominant organism) E.coli, Bifidobacterium |
|
|
normal flora of vagina
|
Lactobacillus (group B strp, may infect the infant during delivery, causing septicemia and or meningitis, as may E.coli from fecal flora)
|
|
|
Encapsulated bacteria:
|
Some Killers Have Pretty Nice Capsules: Strep. pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Neisseria meningitidis, Cryptococcus neoformans
|
|
|
Diphtheria toxin
|
EXOTOXIN: corynebacterium diptheriae (g+)--> ADP ribosyl transferase, inactivates EF-2; inhibits eukaryotic protein synthesis---> targets the heart/nerves/epithelium
|
|
|
Exotoxin A
|
EXOTOXIN:Pseudomonas aeruginosa (g-)--> ADP ribosyl transferase; inactivates EF-2-->inhibits prtn synthesis-->targets the liver
|
|
|
Shiga Toxin
|
EXOTOXIN: Shigella dysenteriae (g-)-->interferes with 60s ribosomal subunit; inhibits prtn synthesis, enterotxic, cytotoxic, and neurtoxic--->may lead to HUS
|
|
|
Verotoxin (a shiga-like toxin)
|
EXOTOXIN: enterohemorrhagic E.Coli (EHEC)(g-)-->interferes with 60s ribosomal subunit;inhibits prtn synthesis-->primary cause of HUS
|
|
|
Tetanus Toxin
|
Exotoxin: closteridium tetani (g+)--> blocks the neuroTmitters glycine and GABA-->lack of inhibition of muscle contraction at synapses
|
|
|
Botulinum toxin
|
exotoxin: closteridium botulinum (g+)-->blocks the release of Ach; inhibits cholinergic synpasis-->flacid paralysis
|
|
|
Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin -1 (TSST)
|
exotoxin that enhances ENDOTOXIN: staph. aureus (g+)-->pyerogenic, decreases liver clearance of LPS(endotoxin), suprantigin-->fever, increased susceptiblity to LPS, rash , shock, capillary leakage
|
|
|
Exotoxin A, a.k.a: erythrogenic or pyrogenic toxin
|
exotoxin that enhances ENDOTOXIN: strep. pyogenes (g+)-->pyerogenic, decreases liver clearance of LPS(endotoxin), suprantigin-->fever, increased susceptiblity to LPS, rash , shock, capillary leakage, cardiotoxicity
|
|
|
Heat labile toxin (LT)
|
exotoxin: Enterotoxic E.coli (g-)-->stimulates an adenlyate cyclase by ADP ribosylation of GTP binding prtn-->both LT and ST promotee secretion of secretion of fluid and electrolytes from intestinal epithelium
|
|
|
Cholera toxin
|
exotoxin: vibrio cholera (g-)-->stimulates an adenlyate cyclase by ADP ribosylation of GTP binding prtn-->profuse, watery diarrhea
|
|
|
Anthrax toxin (3 prtns make 2 toxins)
|
exotoxin: bacillus anthracis (g+)--> EF=edema factor=adenylate cyclase; LF=lethal factor; and PA=protective antigen (B component for both)--> decreases phagocytosis; causes edema, kills cells
|
|
|
Pertussis toxin
|
exotoxin: Bordetella pertusis (g-)-->ADP robosylates Gi (neg. regualtor of adenylate cyclase)-->increased cAMP-->histamine-sensitizing, lymphocytosis promoting, and islet activating
|
|
|
Alpha Toxin of clostridium
|
exotoxin: closteridium perfringens (g+)--> produces lecithinase-->damages cell membranes-->myonecrosis
|
|
|
Alpha of staph.
|
exotoxin: staph. aureus (g+)-->toxin intercalates forming pores-->cell membranes become leaky
|
