Usmle Reproductive Questions

Front 1

Cause of a bicornate uterus:

Back 1

* Failure of fusion of the paramesonephric ducts (mullerian)

Front 2

Male patient whose scrotum swells when standing up but not when lying down probably has:

Back 2

* Varicocele-- dilation of the papiniform venous plexus

Front 3

Neoplasia common in African American women who present with heavy menses:

Back 3

* Leiomyoma

Front 4

Elevated alpha-fetoprotein levels in amniotic fluid mean an infant might have some type of:

Back 4

* Neural tube defect-- such as spina bifida, etc.

Front 5

A 16yr old female who hasn't ovulated and US of the ovaries reveals connective tissue with no follicles has:

Back 5

* Turner's syndrome (XO)

-- she has "streak ovaries" common to patients with Turners

Front 6

How does the antifungal Griseofulvin interrupt the activity of oral contraceptives?

Back 6

* It is a potent inducer of P450's

Front 7

Maternal screening that shows low alpha fetal protein, very low HCG, and low unconjugated estradiol-- this kid has:

Back 7

* Trisomy 18 (Edward's syndrome)

Front 8

Kids who need androgens are at risk of what complication:

Back 8

* Closing of the epiphyseal plates

Front 9

Triad of ascites, hydrothorax, and benign ovarian tumor:

Back 9

* Meigs syndrome

Front 10

Treatment of choice for an ectopic pregnancy:

Back 10

* Laproscopic resection

Front 11

These proteins play a role in sequestering testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in the seminiferous tubules in response to FSH

Back 11

* Androgen binding protein

Front 12

Sex cord stromal cell tumor that can affect old and young women d/t hyperestrenism:

Back 12

* Granulosa cell tumor

Front 13

Triad of symptoms with pre-eclampsia

Back 13

* HTN, edema, and proteinuria-- its eclampsia when seizures start

Front 14

When a woman is breastfeeding, why doesn't she ovulate usually?

Back 14

* Prolactin inhibits GnRH secretion from the hypothalamus

Front 15

4 risk factors for endometrial hyperplasia include:

Back 15

* Anovulatory cycles, HRT, polycystic ovaries, and granulosa cell tumor

Front 16

Most common gyn malignancy:

Back 16

* Endometrial carcinoma

Front 17

Main risk factors for endometrial carcinoma include:

Back 17

* Diabetes, HTN, obesity, and prolonged estrogen use

Front 18

The prognosis of endometrial carcinoma depends on:

Back 18

* MYO-metrial invasion

Front 19

30 yr old African American woman with painful, heavy, periods probably has:

Back 19

* Leiomyoma

Front 20

Histologically, what does a leiomyoma (fibroid) look like?

Back 20

* Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles

Front 21

Feautures of a leiomyosarcoma:

Back 21

* Aggressive, can protrude and cause bleeding

Front 22

Features of polycystic ovarian syndrome include:

Back 22

* Bilateral cystic ovaries, amenorrhea, infertility, obesity, and hirsutism

Front 23

Women with polycystic ovarian disease have high levels of what 2 hormones:

Back 23

* LH and androgens (oral contraceptives help these women)

Front 24

A distended, unruptured, Graafian follicle is a:

Back 24

* Follicular cyst

Front 25

An ovarian cyst (often bilateral) that is caused by gonadotropin stimulation:

Back 25

* Theca-lutein cyst

Front 26

Rare but malignant germ cell tumor that can develop in the mom or fetus:

Back 26

* Choriocarcinoma (has large hyperchromatic synciatrophoblast cells histologically)

Front 27

These 2 ovarian germ cell tumors have HCG as a marker:

Back 27

* Dysgerminoma and choriocarcinoma

Front 28

Germ cell tumor that is associated with increased numbers of theca-lutein cysts:

Back 28

* Choriocarcinoma

Front 29

90% of all ovarian cysts are:

Back 29

* Teratomas (mature are benign and immature are malignant in females)

Front 30

Teratoma (aka dermoid cyst) that contains functional thyroid tissue:

Back 30

* Struma ovarii

Front 31

The marker for yolk-sac tumors:

Back 31

* Alpha-fetoprotien (AFP)

Front 32

Ovarian germ cell tumor made up of sheets of uniform cells:

Back 32

* Dysgerminoma (HCG is a marker)

Front 33

Frequently BILATERAL non-germ cell tumor:

Back 33

* Serous cystadenoma (has fallopian-tube like histopathology)

Front 34

Malignant, non-germ cell tumor that includes pseudomyxoma peritonei:

Back 34

* mucionous cystadenoma (a multilocular, mucous secreting cyst)

Front 35

Benign, ovarian, non-germ cell tumor that resembles BLADDER epithelium:

Back 35

* Brenner tumor

Front 36

Benign, ovarian, non-germ cell tumor that contains bundles of spindle-shaped fibroblasts and is related to Meig's syndrome:

Back 36

* Ovarian fibroma

Front 37

Triad seen in Meig's syndrome:

Back 37

* Ovarian fibroma, ascites, hydrothorax

Front 38

Benign, ovarian, non-germ cell tumor that contains CALL-EXNER bodies:

Back 38

* Granulosa cell tumor

Front 39

Benign tumor associated with excess estrogen secretion that could lead to precocious puberty:

Back 39

* Granulosa cell tumor

Front 40

GI malignancy that can met to the ovaries causing a mucin-secreting, signet-cell adenocarcinoma:

Back 40

* Krukenburg tumor

Front 41

General marker for ovarian tumors:

Back 41

* CA-125

Front 42

2 genetic risk factors for ovarian tumors from non-germ cell origin:

Back 42

* BRCA 1 and HNPCC genes

Front 43

DES exposure can lead to what vaginal cancer:

Back 43

* Clear cell carcinoma

Front 44

Rhabdomyosarcoma affecting girls younger than 4 is called:

Back 44

* Sarcoma botryoides

Front 45

Sarcoma botryoides cells are positive for what under a microscope:

Back 45

* Desmin

Front 46

Most common breast tumor among women younger than 25:

Back 46

* Fibroadenoma

Front 47

Breast tumor that presents as a tumor of lactiferous ducts with nipple discharge:

Back 47

* Intraductal papilloma (benign)

Front 48

Breast tumor that often presents with serous or bloody discharge:

Back 48

* Intraductal papilloma (these are benign)

Front 49

Most important prognostic indicator for breast cancer:

Back 49

* Axillary node involvement

Front 50

Breast cancer that is invasive and has the worst prognosis:

Back 50

* Invasive ductal carcinoma

Front 51

Breast cancer type that is ductal with a "cheesy" consistency d/t central necrosis:

Back 51

* Comedocarcinoma

Front 52

Breast cancer that is often bilateral and has multiple tumors:

Back 52

* Invasive lobular

Front 53

Fleshy, cellular, lymphocytic infiltrate breast cancer that usually has a good prognosis:

Back 53

* Medullary

Front 54

Breast cancer that looks like eczema on the nipple:

Back 54

* Paget's disease

Front 55

Where other place (other than the breast) does Paget's disease occur?

Back 55

* Vulva

Front 56

Thinning vulva is called:

Leukoplakia of the vulva is:

Back 56

* Thinning = Lichen sclerosis

Leukoplakia of vulva = Lichen simplex chronicus

Front 57

Vulvular tumors associated with HPV 16:

Back 57

* Vulvular intraepithelial metaplasia and Squamos cell carcinoma

Front 58

Benign, painful nodule on the labia majora that is a tumor of the apocrine sweat gland:

Back 58

* Papillary hidradenoma

Front 59

Histologically, vulvular Pagets stains ___ positive:

Back 59

* Paget's = PAS mucin positive

Front 60

Benign cyst on the lateral wall of the vagina:

Back 60

* Gardner duct cyts

Front 61

Thinning vulva is called:

Leukoplakia of the vulva is:

Back 61

* Thinning = Lichen sclerosis

Leukoplakia of vulva = Lichen simplex chronicus

Front 62

Vulvular tumors associated with HPV 16:

Back 62

* Vulvular intraepithelial metaplasia and Squamos cell carcinoma

Front 63

Benign, painful nodule on the labia majora that is a tumor of the apocrine sweat gland:

Back 63

* Papillary hidradenoma

Front 64

Histologically, vulvular Pagets stains ___ positive:

Back 64

* Paget's = PAS mucin positive

Front 65

Benign cyst on the lateral wall of the vagina:

Back 65

* Gardner duct cyts (wollfian/mesonephric duct remnant)

Front 66

Functioning glands and stroma OUTSIDE the uterus is:

Back 66

* Endometriosis

Front 67

Most common benign ovarian tumor that is bilateral and has psammoma bodies:

Back 67

* Serous cystadenocarcinoma

Front 68

Malignant ovarian tumor with schiller-duval bodies and increased AFP:

Back 68

* Yolk sac tumor

Front 69

Feminizing sex cord stromal tumor with Call-Exner bodies:

Back 69

* Granulosa-theca cell tumor

Front 70

Features of a complete hydatidiform mole include:

Back 70

* 46xx (both of paternal origin) looks like grapes

Front 71

Features of a partial mole:

Back 71

* Triploid 69 (xxy) and embryo is present

Front 72

Malignant tumor composed of synciatrophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts:

Back 72

* Choriocarcinoma

Front 73

Blood nipple discharge think:

Back 73

* Intraductal papilloma

Front 74

Noninvasive breast cancer that is usually an incidental finding and is mostly bilateral:

Back 74

* Lobular carcinoma in-situ

Front 75

Breast cancer associated with BRCA1 that is bulky, soft, and has large cells with lymphocytic infiltrate:

Back 75

* Medullary carcinoma

Front 76

Peau d' orange breast cancer:

Back 76

* Inflammatory carcinoma

Front 77

Neoplastic breast cancer arranged in a bull's eye concentric fashion:

Back 77

* Invasive lobular

Front 78

Most common bladder cancer:

Back 78

* Transitional cell carcinoma (male dominant)

Front 79

Leukoplakia carcinoma of the shaft of the penis:

Back 79

* Bowen's disease

Front 80

Erythroplakia on the glans of the penis:

Back 80

* Erythroplasia of Queyrat

Front 81

Most common cause of orchitis:

Back 81

* Mumps

Front 82

Primary mediator for developing BPH:

Back 82

* DHT

Front 83

Most common metastasis site for prostate cancer:

Back 83

* Lumbar spine (bone)