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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Front
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Back
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Acetaldehyde is metabolized by Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, which drug inhibs this enzyme?
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Disulfram & also sulfonylureas, metronidazole
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Explain pH dependent urinary drug elimination?
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Weak Acids>Alkinalize urine(CF3) to remove more -Weak bases>acidify urine to remove more
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How do you treat coma in the ER (4)?
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Airway -Breathing -Circulation -Dextrose(thiamine &narcan) -ABCD
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In coma situations you rule out what (7)?
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-Infections -Trauma -Seizures -CO -Overdose -Metabolic -Alcohol (IT'S COMA)
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List some specifics of lead poisoning(4)?
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A57Blue lines in gingiva& long bones -Encephalopathy & Foot drop -Abdominal colic / -Sideroblastic anemia
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List the specific antidote for this toxin: Acetaminophen
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N-acetylcystine
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List the specific antidote for this toxin: Amphetamine
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Ammonium Chloride
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List the specific antidote for this toxin: Anticholinesterases (organophosphate.)
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Atropine & pralidoxime
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List the specific antidote for this toxin: Antimuscarinic (anticholinergic)
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Physostigmine salicylate
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List the specific antidote for this toxin: Arsenic (all heavy metals)
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Dimercaprol, succimer
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List the specific antidote for this toxin: Benzodiazepines
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Flumazenil
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List the specific antidote for this toxin: Beta Blockers
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Glucagon
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List the specific antidote for this toxin: Carbon monoxide
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-100% oxygen, hyperbaric
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List the specific antidote for this toxin: Copper
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Penicillamine
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List the specific antidote for this toxin: Cyanide
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Nitrate, hydroxocobalamin thiosulfate
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List the specific antidote for this toxin: Digitalis
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-Normalize K+, Lidocaine, & Anti-dig Mab
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List the specific antidote for this toxin: Heparin
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Protamine
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List the specific antidote for this toxin: Iron
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Deferoxamine
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List the specific antidote for this toxin: Lead
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-EDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, & penicillamine
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List the specific antidote for this toxin: Methanol & Ethylene glycol
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-Ethanol, dialysis, & fomepizole
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List the specific antidote for this toxin: Methemoglobin
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Methylene blue
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List the specific antidote for this toxin: Opioids
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B51Naloxone / naltrexone (narcan)
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List the specific antidote for this toxin: Salicylates
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Alkalinize urine & dialysis
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List the specific antidote for this toxin: TPA & Streptokinase
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Aminocaproic acid
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List the specific antidote for this toxin: Tricyclic antidepressants
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NaHCO3
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List the specific antidote for this toxin: Warfarin
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Vitamin K & fresh frozen plasma
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What are the products and their toxicities of the metabolism of ethanol by / alcohol dehydrogenase?
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-Acetaldehyde -Nausea, vomiting, headache, & hypotension
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What are the products and their toxicities of the metabolism of Ethylene Glycol by / alcohol dehydrogenase?
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Oxalic acid -Acidosis & nephrotoxicity
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What are the products and their toxicities of the metabolism of Methanol by / alcohol dehydrogenase?
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Formaldehyde & formic acid -severe Acidosis & retinal damage
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Adrenocortical Insufficiency
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Glucocorticoid withdrawal
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Agranulocytosis (3)?
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Cloazapine -carbamazapine -colchicine -PTU
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Anaphylaxis?
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Penicillin
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Aplastic anemia (5)?
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Chloramphenicol -benzene -NSAIDS -PTU -phenytoin
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Atropine-like side effects?
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Tricyclic antidepressants
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Cardiac toxicity?
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Daunorubicin & Doxorubicin
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Cinchonism (2)?
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Quinidine -quinine
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Cough?
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-ACE inhibitors (Losartan>no cough)
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Cutaneous flushing (4)?
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Niacin -Ca++ channel blockers -adenosine -vancomycin
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Diabetes insipidus?
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Lithium
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Disulfram-like reaction (4) ?
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metronidazole -certain cephalosporins -procarbazine -sulfonylureas
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Drug induced Parkinson's (4) ?
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Haloperidol -chlorpromazine -reserpine -MPTP
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Extrapyramidal side effects (3)?
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chlorpromazine -thioridazine -Haloperidol
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Fanconi's syndrome?
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Tetracycline
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Focal to massive hepatic necrosis (4)?
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Halothane -Valproic acid -acetaminophen -Amantia phalloides
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: G6PD hemolysis(8)?
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Sulfonamides -INH -ASA -Ibuprofen -primaquine -nitrofurantoin /-pyrimethamine -Chloramphenicol
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Gingival hyperplasia?
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phenytoin
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Gray baby syndrome?
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Chloramphenicol
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Gynecomastia (6) ?
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Cimetidine -ketoconazole -spironolactone -digitalis -EtOH -estrogens
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Hepatitis?
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Isoniazid
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Hot flashes?
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Tamoxifen
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Oto and Nephrotoxicity (3)?
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aminoglycosides -loop diuretics -cisplatin
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: P450 induction(6)?
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Barbiturates -phenytoin -carbamazipine -rifampin -griseofulvin -Quinidine
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: P450 inhibition(6)?
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Cimetidine -ketoconazole -grapefruit juice -erythromycin -INH -Sulfonamides
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Photosensitivity(3)?
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Tetracycline -amiodarone -Sulfonamides
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Pseudomembranous colitis?
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Clindamycin
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Pulmonary fibrosis(3)?
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Bleomycin -amiodarone -busulfan
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: SLE-like syndrome
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Hydralazine -Procainamide -INH -phenytoin
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Thrombotic complications?
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Oral Contraceptives
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Torsade de pointes (2) ?
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Class III antiarrhythmics (sotalol) -Class IA (Quinidine)
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How does a noncompetitive antagonist effect an agonist?_
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Shifts the curve down -reduces Vmax
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Tubulointerstitial Nephritis (5)?
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Sulfonamides -furosemide -methicillin -rifampin -NSAIDS (ex. ASA): Describe first-order kinetics?\nConstant FRACTION eliminated per unit time.(exponential)
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Osteoporosis (2)?
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-Corticosteroids ?heparin
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Neuro and Nephrotoxic?
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olymyxins
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Tubulointerstitial Nephritis (5)?
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-Sulfonamides -furosemide -methicillin -rifampin -NSAIDS (ex. ASA): Describe first-order kinetics?\nConstant FRACTION eliminated per unit time.(exponential) FRONT: Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Stevens-Johnson syn. (3) ?\n-Ethosuxamide -sulfonamides
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Tardive dyskinesia?
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Antipsychotics
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Which drug(s) cause this reaction: Tendonitis and rupture?
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Fluoroquinolones
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Describe Phase II metabolism in liver(3)?
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-acetylation, glucuron.,& sulfation -Conjugation -Polar product\n
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Describe Phase I metabolism in liver(3)?
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-reduction, oxy, & hydrolysis -H2O sol. Polar product -P450
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\nSteady state concentration is reached in __#half-lifes\n
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\nIn 4 half-lifes= (94%) T1/2 = (0.7x Vd)/CL
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\n\nWhat is the definition of zero-order kinetics? Example?
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\n\nConstant AMOUNT eliminated per unit time. -Etoh &ASA
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\n\n\nWhat is the formula for Clearance (CL)
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\n\nCL= (rate of elimination of drug/ Plasma drug conc.)\n
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\n\n\nWhat is the formula for Volume of distribution (Vd)
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\n\n\nVd= (Amt. of drug in body/ Plasma drug conc.)
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\n\nWhat is the loading dose formula?\n
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\n\n Ld= (CpxVd)/F Cp=plasma conc. F= Bioaval.
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\n\n\nExplain potency in relation to full and partial agonists(2).
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\n\npartial agonist can have increased, decreased, /A21or equal potency as full agonist. - Potency is an independent factor.
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\n\n\nHow do spare receptors effect the Km?
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\n\n\nED 50 is less than the Km (less than 50% of receptors)
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\n\n\nHow do you calculate maintenance dose?
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\n\nMd= (CpxCL)/F Cp= plas. Conc. CL=clear. F=bioaval.\n
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\n\n\n\nHow does a competitive antagonist effect an agonist?
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\n\n\nShifts the curve to the right -increases Km
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Name the steps in drug approval(4)?
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Phase I (clinical tests) -Phase II -Phase III -PhaseIV (surveillance)
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\n\nExplain differences between full and partial agonists(2).\n
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\nAct on same receptor - Full has greater efficacy\nCimetidine -ketoconazole -spironolactone -digitalis -EtOH -estrogens\n
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