Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Short acting beta blocker
and is it B1 selective? |
Esmolol
B1 selective beta blocker |
|
|
Myasthenia gravis diagnosis
|
Tensilon test w/edrophonium, a very short acting AChE inhib
|
|
|
Low dose dopamine effect
|
D1-->renal artery vasodilation
|
|
|
Moderate dose dopamine
|
B1>a
Increased cardiac output |
|
|
High dose dopamine effect
|
alpha receptors predominate
|
|
|
Succinylcholine
|
Depolarizing blockade->flaccid paralysis
b/c nAChR AGONIST |
|
|
Pancuronium
|
Competitive nAChR antag. Non-depolarizing blockade->paralysis. Reversible w/physostigmine
|
|
|
Methyltyrosine
|
Inhibitor of tyrosine hydroxylase
|
|
|
Antidote for organophosphate or sarin gas
|
Pralidoxime
|
|
|
Donepezil
|
AChE inhib for Alzheimer's
|
|
|
Norepinephrine selectivity
|
a1, a2, B1
|
|
|
Dobutamine selectivity
|
B1>B2
|
|
|
Phenylephrine
|
a1 agonist
|
|
|
Two non-selective alpha blockers. Difference between the two?
|
Phentolamine=reversible
Phenoxybenzamine=irreversible |
|
|
Paralysis reversible by pyridostigmine
|
Pancuronium
Competitive antagonism of nAChR can be overcome by increased ACh due to AChE inhib |
|
|
Drugs reaction: pulm fibrosis
|
Busulfan, amiodarone, bleomycin
|
|
|
Drugs reaction: heart damage
|
Doxorubicin (adriamycin), daunorubicin
|
|
|
Drugs reaction: acute cholestatic hepatitis
|
Macrolide antibiotics (erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin)
|
|
|
Minoxidil
|
Opens K+ channels in vSMCs resulting in vasodilation but also causes hair growth (Rogaine)
|
|
|
Antidote for methanol
|
Fomepizole inhibs alcohol dehydrogenase
|
|
|
Antidote for ethylene glycol
|
Fomepizole: inhibs alcohol dehydrogenase and prevents conversion to oxalic acid
|
|
|
Antidote for copper
|
Penicillamine (metal chelator)
|
|
|
What drug class is cefazolin?
|
1st generation cephalosporin
|
|
|
What drug class is cefotetan?
|
2nd generation cephalosporin
|
|
|
What drug class is loracarbef?
|
2nd generation cephalosporin
|
|
|
What drug class is cephalexin?
|
1st generation cephalosporin
|
|
|
What drug class is ceftriaxone?
|
3rd generation cephalosporin
|
|
|
What drug class is cefaclor?
|
2nd generation cephalosporin
|
|
|
What bugs do 4th generation cephalosporins cover?
|
Bad ones, including pseudomonas
|
|
|
What bugs do 1st generation cephalosporins cover?
|
PEcK
Proteus E. coli Klebsiella |
|
|
What bugs do 2nd generation cephalosporins cover?
|
HEN PEcKS
H. influenza Enterobacter Neisseria Proteus E. coli Klebsiella Serratia |
|
|
What bugs do 3rd generation cephalosporins cover?
|
Bad ones: meningitis (b/c cross BBB) and sepsis.
|
|
|
What are the aminoglycosides and what is their mechanism?
|
Gentamycin, neomycin, amikacin, tobramycin, streptomycin. Bind 30S, initial mismatch causes damage and increase permeability resulting in higher drug levels that stop translation and kill cell. Cidal. Synergy w/ penicillins
|
|
|
What are the tetracyclines and what is their mechanism?
|
Tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline.
Bind 30S, block A site, preventing tRNA binding Demeclocycline is an ADH-antagonist, not used for antibiotic effect |
|
|
What are the macrolides and what is their mechanism?
|
Erythromycin
Clarithromycin Azithromycin Bind 50S subunit and block translocation |
|
|
What is the mecahnism of clindamycin?
|
Binds 50S and blocks peptidyl transferase
|
|
|
What is the mecahnism of clindamycin?
|
Binds 50S and blocks peptidyl transferase
|
|
|
Methimazole
|
Inhibits thyroid peroxidase, preventing synthesis of thyroid hormone. Similar to propylthiouracil
For hyperthyroidism |
|
|
Propylthiouracil
|
Inhibits:
1) synthesis of T4 by blocking thyroid peroxidase 2) Blocks peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 For hyperthyroidism. Similar to methimazole |
|
|
Treatment for patent ductus arteriosus
|
Indomethacin
|
|
|
Omalizumab
|
Monoclonal anti-IgE antibody for treating bad asthma
|
|
|
Promethazine
|
Antihistamine used for anti-nausea effects
|
|
|
Fexofenadine
|
Allegra
Second generation anti-histamine doesn't cross BBB so doesn't cause drowsiness etc |
|
|
Calcineurin
|
Signal transduction protein for activation of T-cells to make IL-2. Inhibition by cyclosporine or tacrolimus/FK506 causes immunosuppression
|
|
|
mTOR
|
Signal transduction protein for IL-2 receptor. Siroliumus blocks T-cell prolif by inhibiting mTOR.
|
|
|
a2 agonists & classic side effects
|
clonidine: rebound hypertension
methyldopa: warm hemolytic anemia |
|
|
Nitroprusside effect & its side effect
|
Major vasodilator
Metabolism produces cyanide |
|
|
Ethacrynic acid
|
Loop diuretic
Not a sulfa, so can be used in place of furosemide w/ sulfa allergy |
|
|
Indapamide
|
Thiazide diuretic
|
|
|
Triamterene
|
K+ sparing diuretic
Aldosterone receptor antag |
|
|
Antacid side effects:
1) Calcium carbonate 2) Aluminum hydroxide 3) Magnesium hydroxide |
Calcium carbonate->rebound
Aluminum hydroxide->constipation Magnesium hydroxide->diarrhea |
|
|
Antidote for methanol & ethylene glycol
|
Fomepizol
|
|
|
Antidote for benzodiazepines
|
Flumazenil
|
|
|
Treatment for patent ductus arteriosus
|
Indomethacin
|
|
|
Omalizumab
|
Monoclonal anti-IgE antibody for treating bad asthma
|
|
|
Promethazine
|
Antihistamine used for anti-nausea effects
|
|
|
Fexofenadine
|
Allegra
Second generation anti-histamine doesn't cross BBB so doesn't cause drowsiness etc |
|
|
Calcineurin
|
Signal transduction protein for activation of T-cells to make IL-2. Inhibition by cyclosporine or tacrolimus/FK506 causes immunosuppression
|
|
|
mTOR
|
Signal transduction protein for IL-2 receptor. Siroliumus blocks T-cell prolif by inhibiting mTOR.
|
|
|
a2 agonists & classic side effects
|
clonidine: rebound hypertension
methyldopa: warm hemolytic anemia |
|
|
Nitroprusside effect & its side effect
|
Major vasodilator
Metabolism produces cyanide |
|
|
Ethacrynic acid
|
Loop diuretic
Not a sulfa, so can be used in place of furosemide w/ sulfa allergy |
|
|
Indapamide
|
Thiazide diuretic
|
|
|
Triamterene
|
K+ sparing diuretic
Aldosterone receptor antag |
|
|
Antacid side effects:
1) Calcium carbonate 2) Aluminum hydroxide 3) Magnesium hydroxide |
Calcium carbonate->rebound
Aluminum hydroxide->constipation Magnesium hydroxide->diarrhea |
|
|
Antidote for methanol & ethylene glycol
|
Fomepizol
|
|
|
Antidote for benzodiazepines
|
Flumazenil
|
