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114 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Sexual side effect of trazodone
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priapism
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2 key side effects of ASA
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- GI bleed
- hypersensitivity |
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Classic side effect of bleomycin
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pulmonary fibrosis
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Classic side effect of cyclophasophamide
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hemorrhagic cystitis
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Classic side effect of buproprion
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seizures
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3 classic side effects of isoniazid
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- Vit B 6 deficeincy
- lupus - liver toxicity |
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Classic side effect of cyclosporine
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nephrotoxic
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Classic side effect of PCN
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anaphylaxis
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PCN may cause a rash with which virus
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EBV
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Classic side effect of ACE inhibitors
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cough
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Classic side effect of demeclocycline
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diabetes insipidus
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2 classic side effects of lithium
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- diabetes insipidus
- thyroid dysfunction |
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Classic side effect of methoxyflurance
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diabetes insipidus
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2 classic side effects of sulfa drugs
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- allergies
- kernicterus in neonates |
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2 classic side effects of halothane
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- liver necrosis
- malignant hypertheria |
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Classic side effect of local anesthetic
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seizures
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4 classic side effects of phenytoin
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- folate deficiency
- teratogen - hirsutism - gum hypertrophy |
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Classic side effect of vincristine
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peripheral neuropathy
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Classic side effect of valproic acid
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neural tube defects
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Isotretinoin is a terrible ______
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teratogen
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Thioridazine classically causes
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- retinal deposits
- cardiac toxicity |
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2 classic side effects of heparin
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- thombocytopenia
- thrombosis |
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Vancomycin's classic side effect
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red man syndrom
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Classic side effect of clofibrate
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increase GI neoplasms
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Classic side effect of tetracyclines (2)
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- photosensitivity
- teeth staining in children |
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Classic side effect of quinolones in kids
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cartilage damage (also makes in teratogenic)
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Classic side effect of quinine
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tinnitus, vertigo (cinchonisms)
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Classic pancreas side effect of morphine
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Sphincter of oddi spasm
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Classic side effect of clindamycin (or other broad spectrum antibiotic)
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Pseudomembranous colitis
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2 classic side effects of chloramphenicol
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- aplastic anemia
- chloramphenicol |
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Classic side effect of doxyrubicin
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cardiomyopathy
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2 classic side effects of basulfan
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- pulmonary fibrosis
- adrenal failure |
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MAOIs + cheese/wine =
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tyramine crisis
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Classic side effect of hydralazine
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lupus
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Classic side effect of procainamide
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lupus
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Classic side effect of minoxidil
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hirsutism
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2 classic side effects of aminoglycosides
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- hearing loss
- renal toxicity |
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Classic side effect of chlorpropamide
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SIADH
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Classic side effect of oxytocin
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SIADH
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Electrolyte side effect of opiates
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SIADH
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2 classic side effects of DDI
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- pancreatitis
- peripheral neurology |
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Classic side effect of succinylcholine
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malignant hyperthermia
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Classic side effect of zidovudine
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bone marrow suppression
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3 classic side effects of digitalis
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- GI
- vision changes - arrhythmias |
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Classic side effect ofacetazolamide
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metabolic acidosis
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Trimethadione is a terrible
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teratogen
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Classic side effect of clozapine
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agranulocytosis
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3 classic side effects of SSRIs
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- anxiety
- agitation - insomnia |
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2 Classic side effects of warfarin
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- necrosis
- teratogen |
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2 Classic side effects of niacin
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- flushing
- pruritus |
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Classic side effect of HMG CoA reductase inhibitors
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liver and muscle toxicity
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Classic side effect of ethambutol
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optic neuritis
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Classic side effect of cisplatin
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nephrotoxicity
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Classic side effect of methylcopa
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Coombs positive hemolytic anemia
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2 major toxicities of HMG COA reductace inhibitors
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- liver
- muscle |
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Classic side effect of ethambutol
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optic neuritis
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Classic side effect of metronidazole
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Disulfiram-like reaction with alcohol
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Classic side effect with displatin
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Nephrotoxicity
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Classic side effect of methydopa
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Hemolytic anemia (Coombs positive)
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Electrolyte side effects of thiazides
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- hyperglycemia
- hyperuricemia - hyperlipidemia - hyponatremia - hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis |
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Don't give thiazides to patients with this allergy
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sulfa
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2 major side effects of loop diuretics
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- hypokalemic metabloic alkalosis
- ototoxicity |
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Only loop diuretic that is not a sulfa
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ethacrynic acid
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Metabolic effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
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metabolic acidosis
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Effect of loop diuretics on calcium
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cause calcium extretion (often used as treatment for hypercalcemia)
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Effect of thiazide diuretics on calcium
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calcium retention
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Which diuretics would you like to avoid in hypercalcemia?
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thiazides
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3 classic side effects of antihypertensives
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- sedation
- depression - sexual dysfunction |
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2 patients to use B-blcokers in cautiously
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- Diabetics (mask hypoglycemia)
- Asthmatics |
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Classic side effect of alpha-1 antagonists
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1st dose orthostatic hypotension
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antidote for cholinesterase inhibitors
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- atropine
- pralidoxime |
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antidote for quinidine
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sodium bicarb (cardioprotective)
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antidote for TCAs
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sodium bicarb (cardioprotective)
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antidote for Iron
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Deferoxamine
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antidote for digoxin
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- normalize electrolytes
- digoxin antibodies |
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antidote for methanol or ethylene glycol
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ethanol
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antidote for benzodiazepines
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flumaenil
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antidote for beta blockers
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glucagon
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antidote for lead
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EDTA
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antidote for copper
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penicillamine
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antidote for gold
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penicillamine
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antidote for opiods
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naloxone
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antidote for carbon monoxide
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oxygen
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antidote for muscarinic blockers
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physostigmine
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Features of serotonin syndrome
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- hyperthermia
- rigidity - myoclonus - autonomic instability |
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Hyperthermia + rigidity + myoclonus + autonomic instability =
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serotonin syndrome
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MAOI + meperidine =
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coma
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MAOI + SSRIs =
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serotonin syndrome
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Aminoglycosides + loop diuretics =
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enhanced ototoxicity
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Lithium + thiazides =
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lithium toxicity
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3 classic INDUCERS of hepatic enzymes
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- barbiturates
- antiepileptics - rifampin |
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2 classic INHIBITORS of hepatic enzymes
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- cimetidine
- ketoconazole |
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HRT is prescribed now for
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symptom relief only
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Why do you give progesterone with estrogen in HRT?
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to decrease risk of endometrial cancer (if no uterus, give estrogen alone)
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4 benefits of estrogen therapy
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- decreased osteoporosis
- decreased CAD (?) - decreased hot flashed - decreased GU symptoms |
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4 risk of estrogen therapy
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- increased endometrial CA
- increased DVT - ? increase breast CA - increased gall bladder disease |
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5 more common side effects of estrogen therapy
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- endometrial bleeding
- breast tenderness - nausea - bloating - headaches |
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4 absolute contraindications to estrogen therapy
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- unexplained vaginal bleeding
- active liver disease - history of VTE - history of breast of endometrial cancer |
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8 relative contraindications to estrogen therapy
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- seizure disorder
- HTN - uterine leiomyomas - familial hyperlipidemia - migraines - venous thrombophlebitis - endometriosis - gallbladder disease |
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Most common cause of secondary HTN in women
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oral contraceptive pills
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10 absolute contraindications to oral contraceptive pills
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- 35+ old smoker
- pregancy/breast feeding - liver disease - hyperlipedmia - HTN/CAD/CVA - DM with vascular changes - immobilization/risk of VTE - sickle cell disease - estrogen dependent neoplasm - cholestatic jaundice of pregnancy |
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6 relative contraindications to oral contraceptive pills
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- younger heavy smoker
- depression - migraines - oligomenorrhea - amenorrhea without workup - gallbladder disease |
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Timing of OCPs and surgery
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- avoid 1 month before and after surgery because of risk of DVT
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Screening test needed for those on OCPs
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annual pap smear (associated increased risk of cervical CA)
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4 effects of NSAIDs and ASA
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- anit-inflammatory
- anitpyretic - analgesic - antiplatelet |
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Difference between ASA and other NSAIDs
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ASA bind COX irreversibly
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Why does tylenol not have anti-platelet or anti-inflammatory effects?
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Because it acts centrally not peripherally
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Acid-base problem with ASA overdose
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- respiratory alkalosis
- metabolic acidosis |
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3 renal side effects of NSAIDs
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- interstitial nephritis
- papillary necrosis - acute tubular necrosis |
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ASA allergies are extremely common in this group
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asthma and nasal polyps
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Reye syndrome =
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ASA in children less than 15 (setting of virus) --> encephalopathy and liver dysfunction
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When to stop ASA and NSAIDs prior to surgery
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- ASA 1 week before
- NSAIDs 1 day before |
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Treatment of acetaminophen overdose
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acetylcysteine
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How does acetaminophen cause liver failure?
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depletion of glutathione --> hepatic necrosis
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