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151 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
t or f
hyperkalemia inc effect of digoxin |
f
|
|
dantrolene moa
|
blocks Ca release from SR -> used for malignant hyperthermia
|
|
overdose w/ highest mortality: benzo's or barbi's
|
barbi
|
|
antiviral agent used in tx of drug induced Parkinson's
|
amantadine
|
|
H1 of H2 receptor activation:
1. edema 2. gastric acid secretion 3. SA nodal activity 4. pain and pruritis 5. bronchial sm mm activity 6. inotropic action and automaticity |
1. H1
2. H2 3. H2 4. H1 5. H1 6. H2 |
|
t or f
the lack of DA production in the substantia nigra leads to the extrapyramidal dysfunction characteristically seen ion patients w/ Parkinson's |
true
lack of DA -> excess of ACh -> extrapyramidal dysf |
|
which PG maintains patency of the ductus arteriosus and is used in the tx of primary pulmonary HTN
|
PGI2
|
|
which CNS Ach receptor(s) are excitatory?
inhibitory? |
M1 and nicotinic are excitiatory
M2 inhibitory |
|
t or f
b2 adrenergic agents are used in management of acute asthma attack |
t
|
|
do local anesthetics bind to the activated or inactivated sodium channels
|
inactivated
|
|
what is the DOC for Tourette
s |
pimozide
|
|
what mosquito is responsible for the transmission of malaria
|
anopheles
|
|
what enzyme is inhibited by disulfiram
|
aldehyde dehydrogenase
|
|
which diuretic is used as an adrenal steroid antagonist
|
spironolactone
|
|
what drugs is given transdermally for chronic pain but can cause chest wall rigidity if given IV
|
fentanyl
|
|
what is the DOC for penicillin-resistant GC
|
spectinomycin
|
|
is heparin contraindicated in pregnancy
|
no
|
|
what oral antifungal agent is used to tx dermatophyte infections by disrupting microtubule structure and depositing keratin
|
griseofulvin
|
|
which anticonvulsant can cause teratogenic craniofacial abnormalities and spina bifida
|
carbamazapine
|
|
what are the three beta lactamase inhibitors
|
clavulanic acid
sulbactam tazobactam |
|
which anticonvulsant used in the tx of bipolar disorder is refractory to lithium
|
carbamazepine
|
|
are antineoplastic agents that work on actively proliferating cells schedule or dose dependent
|
schedule
|
|
which class of diuretics is used to tx metabolic acidosis, acute mountain sickness, and glaucoma and to aid in the elimination of acidic drug overdose
|
carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
(acetazolamide, dorzolamide) |
|
what estrogen receptor agonist in bone is used in the tx and prevention of osteoporosis
|
raloxifene
|
|
which tetracycline is used in the tx of SIADH
|
demeclocycline
|
|
how is the eye effected by opiods
|
pinpoint pupils
|
|
grey baby syndrome
|
chloramphenicol
|
|
CN VIII damage
|
aminoglycosides
|
|
teratogenicity
|
metronidazole
|
|
cholestatic hepatitis
|
erythromycin
|
|
hemolytic anemia
|
nitrofurantoin
|
|
dental staining in kids
|
tetracycline
|
|
altered folate metabolism
|
trimethoprim
|
|
auditory toxicity
|
vancomycin
|
|
cartilage abnormalities
|
fluoroquinolones
|
|
gynecomastia
|
spironolactone
digitalis cimetidine Alcohol ketoconazole |
|
photosensitivity
|
Sulfonamides
Amiodarone Tetracycline |
|
SLE
|
hydralazine
INH procainamide phenytoin |
|
torsades de poites
|
class III and Class Ia antiarrhythmics
|
|
gingival hyperplasia
|
phenytoin
|
|
fanconi's
|
tetracycline
|
|
which anticonvulsant is also used in the tx of bipolar disorder and for migraine headaches
|
valproic acid
|
|
what antitubercular agent causes loss of red green visual discrimination
|
ethambutol
|
|
name the insulin prep
1. peak 8 hrs, lasts 24 hrs 2. peak .5 hrs, lasts 5 hrs 3. peak 8 hrs, lasts 18 hrs 4. peak in .3 hrs, lasts 3 hrs |
1. ultralente
2. insulin 3. lente or NPH insulin 4. lispro |
|
is digoxin or digitoxin renally eliminated
|
digoxin
(digiToxin is hepaTically eliminated) |
|
what is the DOC for steroid induced osteoporosis
|
alendronate
|
|
what are the first signs of overdose from phenobarbitals
|
nystagmus and ataxia
|
|
how are lipid solubility and potency related for inhaled anesthetics? how do they affect onset and recovery?
|
directly
high lipid solubility -> high potency -> slow onset -> slow recovery |
|
what a1 agonist, not inactivated by COMT, is used as a decongestant and for tx of paroxysmal atrial tachycardia
|
phenylephrine
|
|
which laxative is used in the tx of hepatic encephalopathy
|
lactulose
|
|
are hydrolyis, oxidation, and reduction p hase I or II
|
phase I
|
|
what beta blocker is also an alpha blocker
|
labetalol
|
|
what agent is used IM to tx acute dystonias
|
diphenhydramine
|
|
t or f
anaerobes are resistant to aminoglycosides |
t
aminoglycosides use O2 dep uptake |
|
what two beta blockers dec serum lipids
|
pindolol
acebutolol |
|
if a drug is ionized, is it water or lipid soluble? can it cross a membrane?
|
water
no |
|
what are the longest acting and shortest acting benzo's
|
diazepam is the longest
(Die after a long life) midazolam is the shortest (MIDgets are short) also (Triazolam Oxazepam and Midazolam -> TOM thumb) |
|
what is the DOC for infections w/ sporothrix, mucor, histo, crypto, candida and aspergillus
|
amphotericin B
|
|
what neurotransmitter is presynaptically inhibited by reserpine and quanethidine
|
NE
|
|
which 2 cephalosporins cross the BBB
|
cefuroxime
cefaclor |
|
t or f
cocaine induced coronary ischemia shouldn't be tx w/ beta blockers |
true
go with Ca channel blockers |
|
what antimuscarinic is used as an inhalant for asthma
|
ipratropium
|
|
what two forms of insulin, if mixed together , precipitate zinc
|
lente and NPH or protamine zinc insulin (PZI)
|
|
what androgen receptor blocker is used to tx prostatic cancer
|
flutamide
|
|
which virus is tx with palivizumab
|
RSV
|
|
name the classes of antiarrhythmics
|
I: Na channel blockers
II: beta blockers III: K channel blockers IV: calcium channel blockers |
|
which muscarinic receptor uses a dec in adenyl cyclase as its second messenger
|
M2
|
|
what antiepileptic agent has SIADH as a side effect
|
carbamazepine
|
|
what is the only anesthetic that causes CV stimulation
|
ketamine
|
|
which bacteriostatic drug whose major side effect is the lepra reax inhibits folic acid synthesis
|
dapsone
(one of the acute episodes of chills and fever, malaise, and skin eruption occurring in the chronic course of leprosy) |
|
what form of antimicrobial therapy is best for an immunocompromised patient
|
bactericidal
|
|
which class of heparin is active against factor Xa and has no effect on Pt
|
LMWH
|
|
what is the DOC for coccidio
|
fluconazole
|
|
what three cephalosporons have good penetration against B frag
|
cefotetan
cefoxitin fetizoxime |
|
which immunosuppressive agent is converted to 6-mercaptopurine
|
azathioprine
|
|
which size nerve fibers are mores sensitive to local anesthetic block
|
small myelinated > small unmyelinated > lg myelinated > lg unmyelinated
|
|
what enzyme is inhibited by TMP
|
DHF reductase
|
|
what are the two absolute requirements for the P450 enzyme system
|
NADPH and O2
|
|
a depressive patients on paroxetine goes to the ER w/ pain and is given meperidine. shortly afterword she develops diaphoresis, mycolonus, mm rigidity, hyperthermia, and seizures
|
sertonin crisis
SSRI mixed with MAOI, TCADS, detromethorphan and meperidine tx w/ cyproheptadine |
|
tx demineralization of bone
|
bisphosphonates
|
|
what is the only class of diuretics to retain Cl used in the short term tx of glaucoma and of acute mountain sickness
|
acetazolamide
|
|
t or f
all aluminum containing anatacids can cause hypophophatemia |
true
|
|
what TCA causes sudden cardiac death in children
|
desipramine
|
|
what two beta2 agonists are used to produce bronchodilation
|
albuterol
metaproterenol |
|
what IV only agent inhibits water reabsorption in the PCT and is used to tx inc intracranial press, inc intraoccular press, and acute renal failure
|
mannitol
|
|
what cell type do cromolyn and nedocromil affect for prophylactic management of astham
|
mast cell degranulation
|
|
what two beta2 agonists cause myometrial relaxation
|
ritodrine
terbutaline |
|
where in the spinal cord are the presynaptic opiod receptors
|
dorsal horn on the primary afferent neurons
|
|
what thrombolytic agent is derived from beta hemolytic strep, is antigenic, and produces depletion of ciculating fibrinogen, plasminogen, and factors V and VII
|
streptokinase
|
|
what antifungal agent is used to tx dermatophyte infections by inhibiting squalene epoxidase
|
terbinafine
|
|
which class of antihypertensives produces angioedema, hyperkalemia, and dry cough
|
ACEI
|
|
which medication req an acidic gastric pH for activation to form a protective gel like coating over ulcers and GI epi
|
sucralfate
|
|
of what serotonin receptors is sumatriptan an agonist
|
5HT-1D
|
|
a pt w/ hx of epilepsy goes to ER w/ sedation, gait ataxia, diplopia, vertical nystagmus.
which anticonvulsant overdose resulted in these sx |
phenytoin
|
|
what are the five penicillinase resistant penicillins
|
Cloxacillin
Oxacillin Nafcillin Dicloxacillin Methicillin (CONDM) |
|
which aminoglycoside is the DOC for tularemia and bubonic plague
|
streptomycin
|
|
t or f
progestins are used in combo w/ estrogens to dec the risk of endometrial cancer |
t
|
|
what neuroleptic agent causes agranulocytosis but does no induce tardive dyskinesia
|
clozapine
|
|
what two factors influence low oral bioavailability
|
first pass metabolism
acid lability |
|
what is the only site in the body that uses M1 receptors
|
stomach
|
|
what vitamin is a cofactor of aromatic AACD and dec the efficacy of L-dopa if used concomitantly
|
vit B6 (pyridoxine)
|
|
t or f
acetaminophen has analgesic and antipyretic activites but lack antiinflammatory effects |
t
|
|
what happens to plasma conc of a drug if there is a lg vol of dist
|
dec
|
|
why should opiod analgesics be avoided for pt's with head trauma
|
can cause cerebral vasodilation and can result in inc intracranial press
|
|
what is the DOC for tx of lepra reax
|
clofazimine
|
|
what two drugs, when mixed, can lead to malignant hyperthermia
|
succinyl choline and halothane
|
|
what three beta blockers are used in the tx of glaucoma
|
timolol
carteolol propranolol |
|
what is the neurotransmitter at the k-receptor
|
dynorphin
|
|
t or f
succinyl choline is a nicotinic receptor agonist |
t
|
|
what is the drug of choice for patients w/ hypertension and dec renal funciton
|
alpha-methyldopa
or clonidine |
|
what is the vol of dist when a drug is highly protein bound
|
dec
|
|
what antihistamine is used in the tx of serotonergic crisis
|
cyproheptadine
|
|
what is the drug of choice for early Parkinson's
|
selegiline
|
|
where is the site of the following
1. osmotic diuretics 2. loop diuretics 3. thiazide diuretics 4. k sparing 5. aldosterone antagonists |
1. entire tubule except thick ascending limb
2. ascending limb 3. early distal tubule 4. early collecting duct 5. distal convoluted tubule |
|
what hematoligic malignancy is tx with rituximab
|
non-hodgkin's lymphoma
|
|
which sodium channel blocker is used to tx lithium induced diabetes insipidus
|
amiloride
|
|
which two antipsychotic drugs creat a high risk for developing EPS se
|
haloperidol and fluphenazine
|
|
could an overdose with zolpidem or zaleplon be reversed with flumazenil
|
yes
|
|
what drug blockd intragranular uptak of NE
|
reserpine
|
|
which antihyperlipidemic agent would you NOT prescribe for a patient with a hx of gout or PUD
|
nicotinic acid
|
|
what inhibitor of MT synthesis is DOC for whipworm and pinworm
|
mebendazole
|
|
what antiviral agents inhibit neuramindases of influenza A and B
|
oseltamivir
zanamivir |
|
what three cephalosporins inhibit vit K dep cofactors
|
cefamandole
cefoperazone moxalactam |
|
what direct acting vasodilator is used clinically to tx hypertensive emergencies, insulinomas, and as a uterine sm mm relaxant
|
diazoxide
|
|
which leukotrienes is NOT assoc w/ anaphylaxis and bronchoconstriction
|
LTB4
|
|
what neuroleptic agent causes retinal deposits, hypotensionj, and torsades de pointes
|
thioridazine
|
|
what oral hypoglycemic agent inhibits alpha-glucosidase in the brush border of the sm intestine
|
acarbose
|
|
what enzyme is inhibited by sulfonamides
|
dihydropteroate synthase
|
|
what is the most important determininant of drug potency
|
affinity for receptor
|
|
t or f
estrogen inc risk of ovarian cancer |
f
|
|
wich sedative hypnotic is contraindicated for patients on warfarin
|
chloral hydrate
|
|
what mixed alpha-antagonists are used for patients w/ pheo
|
phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine
|
|
the dose of which second gen sulfonylurea agent must be dec for patients with hepatic dysf?
with renal dysf? |
glipizide
glyburide |
|
which nicotinic receptor antagonist causes hypotension and is assoc w/ malignant hyhperthermia
|
tubocurarine
|
|
what transient def may result in a hypercoagulable state if warfarin is given alone
|
protein C
|
|
what component of the vascular system is sens to CCB
|
arterioles
|
|
what drug blocks gluc uptake, leading to dec formation of ATP and resulting in immobilization of parasites
|
albendazole
|
|
what is the site of action for carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
|
proximal tubule
|
|
bleomycin
|
G2
|
|
cytarabine
|
S
|
|
vinblastine
|
mitosis
|
|
alkylating agents
|
G0
|
|
paclitaxel
|
mitosis
|
|
vincristine
|
mitosis
|
|
6-thioguanine
|
S
|
|
6 mercaptopurine
|
S
|
|
dacarbazine
|
G0 phase
|
|
hydroxyurea
|
S phase
|
|
cisplatin
|
G0
|
|
nitrosureas
|
G0
|
|
inhibition of peripheral COMT, allowing inc CNS availability of L-dopa is accomplished by what two agents
|
tolcapone
entacapone |