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212 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Actinic Keratosis
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Often precedes squamous cell carcinoma
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Addison's disease
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Primary adrenocortical deficiency
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Albright's syndrome
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Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, cafe au lait spots, short stature, young girls
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Albuminocytologic dissociation
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Guillain Barre (increase protein in CSF with only modest increase in cell count)
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Alport's syndrome
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Hereditary nephritis with nerve deafness
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Anti-basement membrane antibodies
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Goodpastures syndrome
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Anticentromere antibodies
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Scleroderma (CREST)
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Anti-double stranded DNA antibodies (ANA antibodies)
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SLE (type III hypersensitivity)
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Anti-epithelial cell antibodies
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Pemphigus vulgaris
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Antigliadin antibodies
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Celiac disease
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Antihistone antibodies
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Drug-induced SLE
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Anti-IgG antibodies
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Rhemuatoid arthritis
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Antimitochondrial antibodies
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Primary biliary cirrhosis
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Antineutorphil antibodies
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Vasculitis
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Antiplatelet antibodies
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Idiopathic thrombocytopenic pruprua (ITP)
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Arachnodactyly
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Marfan's syndrome
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Argyll Robertson pupil
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Neurosyphilis
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Arnol-Chiari malformation
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Cerebellar tonsillar herniation
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Aschoof bodies
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Rheumatic fever
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Atropphy of the mammillary bodies
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Wernicke's encephalopathy
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Auer Rods
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Acute myelogenous leukemia (especially the promyelocytic type)
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Autosplenectomy
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Sickle cell anemia
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Babinksi's sign
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UMN lesion
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Baker's cyst in popliteal fossa
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Rheumatoid Arthritis
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"bamboo spine" on x-ray
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ankylosing spondylitis
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Bartter's syndrome
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Hyperreninemia
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Basophilic stippling of RBC's
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Lead poisoning
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Becker's muscular dystrophy
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Defective dystrophin, less severe than Duchenne's
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Bell's palsy
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LMN CN VII palsy
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Bence Jones proteins
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Multiple myeloma (kappa or lambda Ig light chains in urine), Waldenstroms macroglobiulinemia (IgM)
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Berger's disease
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IgA nephropathy
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Bernard-Soulier disease
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Defect in platelet adhesion
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Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis
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Sarcoidosis
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Birbeck granules on EM
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Histiocytosis X (eosinophilic granuloma)
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Bloody tap on LP
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Subarachnoid hemorrhage
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blue bloater
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chronic bronchitis
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blue domed cysts
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Fibrocystic change of the breast
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Blue Sclera
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Osteogenesis imperfecta
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Boot shaped heart on x-ray
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Tetraology of Fallot; RVH
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Bouchard's nodes
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osteoarthritis (PIP swelling secondary to osteophytes)
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Boutonniere deformity
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Rheumatoid arthritis
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Branching rods in oral infection
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Actinomyces israelii
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Brown tumor of bone
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Hemorrhage causes brown color of osteolytic cysts:
1: Hyperparathyroidism 2: Ostitis fibrosa cystica (von Recklinghausen's disease) |
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Bruton's disease
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X-linked agammaglobulinemia
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Budd-Chiari syndrome
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Posthepatic venous thrombosis
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Buerger's disease
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Small/medium artery vasculitis
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Burkitt's lymphoma
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8:14 translocation; associated with EBV; "starry sky" appearance on histology
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Burton's lines
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Lead poisoning
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c-ANCA, p-ANCA
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Wegener's granulomatosis, microscopic polyangiitis
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Cafe'-au-lait spots on skin
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Neurofibromatosis
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Caisson disease
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Gas emboli
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Calf pseudohypertrophy
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Duchenne's muscular dystrophy
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Call-Exner bodies
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Granulosa-theca cell tumor of the ovary
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Cardiomegaly with apical atrophy
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Chaga's disease
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Cerebriform nuclei
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Mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma)
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Chaga's disease
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Trypanosome infection
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chancre
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primary syphyilis (not painful)
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Chancroid
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Haemophilus ducreyi (painful)
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Charcot's triad
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Multiple sclerosis (nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech), cholangitis (jaundice, RUQ pain, fever)
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Charcot leyden crystals
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Bronchial asthma (eosinophil membranes)
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Chediak-Higashi disease
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phagocyte deficiency
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Cherry-red spot on macula
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Tay Sach's, Niemann-Pick disease, central retinal artery occlusion
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Cheyne-stokes respirations
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Central apnea in CHF and increased intracranial pressure
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Chocolate cysts
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Endometriosis (frequently involves both ovaries)
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Chronic atrophic gastritis
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predisposition to gastric carcinoma
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Chovstek's sign
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Hypocalcemia (facial muscle spasm upon tapping)
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Bacteremia/ pneumonia (IVDA)
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S. Aureus
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Bacteria associated with cancer
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H. Pylori
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Bacteria found in the GI tract
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Bacteroides (2nd most common is E. coli)
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Brain tumor (adults)
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Mets> astrocytoma (including GBM) > meningioma > schwannoma
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Brain tumor (kids)
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Medulloblastoma (cerebellum)
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Brain tumor- supratentorial (kids)
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Cranipharyngioma
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Breast cancer
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Infiltrating ductal carcinoma (in the US, 1 in 9 women will develop breast cancer)
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Breast mass
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(Fibrocystic change (in postmenopausal women, carcinoma is the most common)
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Breast tumor (benign)
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Fibroadenoma
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Bug in debilitated, hospitalized pneumonia patient
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Klebsiella
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Cardiac primary tumor (adults)
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Myxoma (4:1 left to right atrium, ball and valve)
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Cardiac primary tumor (kids)
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Rhabdomyoma
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Cardia tumor (adults)
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Mets
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Cardiomyopathy
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Dilated cardiomyopathy
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Chromosomal disorder
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Down syndrome (associated with ALL, Alzheimer's dementia, and endocardial cushion defects)
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Chronic arrhythmia
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(Atrial fibrillation) associated with high risk of emboli
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Congeinital cardiac anomaly
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VSD
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Constrictive pericarditis
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Tuberculosis
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Coronary artery involved in thrombosis
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LAD> RCA> LCA
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Cyanosis (early, less common)
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Tetralogy of fallot, transposition of great vessels, truncus arteriosus
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Cyanosis (late, more common)
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VSD, ASD, PDA (close with indomethacin, open with misoprostol)
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Demyelinating disease
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Multiple sclerosis
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Dietary deficit
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Iron
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Epiglottitis
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Haemophilus influenzae type B
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Esophageal cancer
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Squamous cell carcinoma
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Gene involved in cancer
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p53 tumor suppressor gene
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Group affected by cystic fibrosis
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Caucasians (fat soluble vitamin deficiencies, mucous plugs/ lung infectious)
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Gynecologic malignancy
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Endometrial carcinoma
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Heart murmur
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Mitral valve prolapse
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Heart vavle in bacterial endocarditis
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Mitral
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Heart valve in bacterial endocarditis in IVDA
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Tricuspid
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Heart valve (rheumatic fever)
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Mitral valve (aortic is 2nd)
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Helminth infection (US)
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Enterobius vermicularis (ascaris lumbricoides is 2nd most common)
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Hereditary bleeding disorder
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von Willebrand's
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Kidney stones
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Calcium= radiopaque (2nd most common is ammonium=radiopaque; formed by urease positive organisms such as Proteus vulgaris or Staphylococcus
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Liver disease
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Alcoholic liver disease
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Location of brain tumors (adults)
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Supratentorial
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Location of brain tumors (kids)
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Infratentorial
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Lysosomal storage disease
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Gaucher's disease
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Male cancer
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Prostatic carcinoma
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Malignancy associated with noninfectious fever
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Hodgkin's disease
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Malignant skin tumor
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Basal cell carcinoma (rarely mets)
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Mets to bone
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Breast, lung, thyroid, testes, prostate, kidney
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Mets to brain
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Lung, breast, skin (melanoma), kidney (renal cell carcinoma), GI
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Mets to liver
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Colon, gastric, pancreatic, breast, and lung carcinomas
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Motor neuron disease
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ALS (lou gherigs)
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Neoplasm (kids)
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ALL (2nd most common is cerebellar medulloblastoma)
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Nephrotic syndrome
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Membranous glomerulonephritis
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Obstruction of male urinary tract
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BPH
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Opportunistic infection in AIDS
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Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
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Organ receiving mets
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Adrenal glands (due to rich blood supply)
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Organ sending mets
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Lung> breast, stomach
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Ovarian tumor (benign)
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serous cystadenoma
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Ovarian tumor (malignant)
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serous cystadenocarcinoma
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Pancreatic tumor
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Adenocarcinoma (head of pancreas)
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Patient with ALL/CLL/AML/CML
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ALL=child, CLL=adult>60, AML = Adult >60, CML= adult 35-50
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Patient with Hodgkin's
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Young male (except nodular sclerosis type-female)
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Patient with minimal change disease
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Young child
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Patient with Reiter's
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Male
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Pituitary tumor
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Prolactinoma
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Preventable cancer
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Lung cancer
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Primary bone tumor (adults)
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Multiple myeloma
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Primary hyperparathyroidism
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Adenomas (followed by hyperplasia, then carcinoma)
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Primary liver tumor
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Hepatoma
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Renal tumor
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Renal cell carcinoma- associated with von Hippel-Lindau and acquired polycystic kidney disease, paraneoplastic syndromes (erythropoietin, renin, PTH, ACTH)
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secondary hyperparathyroidism
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Hypocalcemia of chronic renal failure
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Sexually transmitted disease
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Chlamydia
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Site of diverticula
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Sigmoid colon
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Site of metastasis
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Regional lymph nodes
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Site of metastasis (2nd most common)
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Liver
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Sites of atherosclerosis
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Abdominal aorta>coronary>politeal> carotid
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Skin cancer
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Basal cell carcinoma
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Stomach cancer
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Adenocarcinoma
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Testicular tumor
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Seminoma
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Thyroid cancer
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Papillary carcinoma
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Tracheoesophageal fistula
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Lower esophagus joins trache/upper esophagus-blind pouch
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Tumor in men
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Prostate carcinoma
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Tumor in women
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Leiomyoma (estrogen dependent)
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Tumor in infancy
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Hemangioma
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Tumor of the adrenal medulla (adults)
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Pheochromocytoma (benign)
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tumor of adrenal medulla (kids)
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Neuroblastoma (malignant)
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Type of Hodgkin's
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Nodular sclerosis (vs. mixed cullularity, lymphocytic predominance, lymphocytic depletion)
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Type of non-Hodgkin's
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Follicular, small cleaved
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Type of pituitary adenoma
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Prolactinoma
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Vasculitis
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Temporal arteritis (risk of ipsilateral blindness due to thrombosis of opthalmic artery)
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Viral encephalitis
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HSV
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Vitamin deficiency (US)
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Folic acid (pregnant women are at high risk, body stores only 3-4 month supply)
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Addison's
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Autoimmune (infection is the 2nd most common cause)
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Aneurysm, dissecting
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Hypertension
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Aortic aneurysm, abdominal and descending aorta
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Atherosclerosis
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Aortic aneurysm, ascending
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tertiary syphilis
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Bacterial meningitis (adults)
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Streptococcus pneumoniae
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Bacterial meningitis (elderly)
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S. Pneumoniae
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Bacterial meningitis (kids)
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S. pneumoniae or Neisseria meningitidis
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Bacterial meningitis (newborns)
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Group B streptococcus
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Cancer associated with AIDS
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Kaposi's sarcoma
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Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
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21 hydroxylase deficiency
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Cretinism
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Iodine deficit/hypothyroidism
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Cushing's syndrome
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Corticosteroid therapy (2nd most common cause is excess ACTH secretion by pituitary)
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Death in CML
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Blast crisis
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Death in SLE
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Lupus nephropathy
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Dementia
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Alzheimer's (2nd most common is multi-infarct)
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DIC
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Gram negative sepsis, obstetric complications, cancer, burn trauma
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Ejection click
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Aortic/pulmonic stenosis
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Food poisoning
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S. Aureus
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Glomerulonephritis (adults)
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IgA nephropathy (berger's disease)
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Hematoma (epidural)
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Ruputure of Middle meningeal artery (arterial bleeding is fast)
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Hematoma (subdural)
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Ruputure of bridging veins (trauma; venous bleeding is slow)
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Hemochromatosis
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Multiple blood transfusion (can result in CHF and increase risk of hepatocellular carcinoma)
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Hepatic cirrhosis
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EtOH
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Hepatocellular carcinoma
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Cirrhotic liver (often associated with hep. B and C)
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Holosystolic murmur
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VSD, tricuspid regurgitation, mitral regurgitation
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Hypertension, secondary
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Renal disease
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Hypoparathyroidism
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Thyroidectomy
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Hypopituitarism
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Adenoma
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Infection in blood transfusion
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Hep. C
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Infection in burn victims
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Pseudomonas
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Leukemia (adults)
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AML
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Machine like murmur
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PDA
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Mental retardation
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Down syndrome (fragile X is the second most common cause)
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MI
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Atherosclerosis
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Mitral vavle stenosis
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rheumatic heart disease
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Myocarditis
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Coxsackie B
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Nephrotic syndrome (adults)
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membranous glomerulonephritis
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Nephritic syndrome (kids)
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Minimcal change disease (associated with infections/vaccinations; treat with corticosteroids)
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Opening snap
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Mitral stenosis
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Osteomyelitis
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S. Aureus
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Osteomylitis in patients with sickle cell disease
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Salmonella
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Osteomyelitis with IVDA
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Pseudomonas
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Pancreatitis (acute)
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EtOH and gallstones
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Pancreatitis (chronic)
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EtOH (adults), cystic fibrosis (kids)
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Peau d'orange
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Carcinoma of the breast
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PID
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Neisseria gonorrhoeae (monoarticular arthritis)
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Pneumonia, hospital acquired
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Klebsiella
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Pneumonia in cystic fibrosis, burn infection
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Preventable blindness
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Chlamydia
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Primary amenorrhea
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Turner's syndrome (XO)
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Primary hyperaldosteronism
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Adenoma of adrenal cortex
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Primary hyperparathyroidism
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Adenoma
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Pulmonary hypertension
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COPD
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Right heart failure due to a pulmonary cause
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Cor pulmonale
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Right sided heart failure
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left sided heart failure
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Sheehan's syndrome
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Postpartum pituitary infarction secondary to hemorrhage
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SIADH
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small cell carcinoma of the lung
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UTI
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E. Coli
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UTI (young women)
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E coli and Staphylococcus saprophyticus
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