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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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**choanal atresia?
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- cyanosis aggravated by feeding, relieved by crying
- 2/2 nasal malformation, unable to pass catheter through nose - dx by CT scan => narrowing of pterygoid plate |
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transposition of great essels vs total anomalous pulm venous connection? vs truncus arteriosis?
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- all cyanotic at birth
- TGA = no murmur - TAPVC = right to left shunt at atria = systolic ejection murmur in pulmonic area - TA = always murmur, not always cyanotic at birth |
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neonatal meningitis
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GBS > Ecoli > Listeria also see abscess and PNA
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checking lead level?
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- do screening finger stick
- check serum lead if >10 - if < 12 then observe and recheck 1 mo - if really high >45 then use chelation therapy = dimercaprol or DMSA, succimer |
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boy with back pan, neuro dysfux, step off at lumbosacral area?
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- high grade spondylolisthesis = developmental d/o with forward slip of vertebrae (L5 over S1) => back pain, neur dysfx
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cyanotic spells
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- ok, may be a sign of anemia
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**Beckwith-Widermann syndrome?
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- look for big baby with big tongue, big organs (palpable liver and kidneys), omphalocele, hypoglycemia, hyperinsulinemia
- 2/2 11p duplication = IGF-2 |
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neonate with big tongue
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- congenital hypoTH
- if omphalocele = beckwith weidermann |
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DM mother?
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- caudal regression syndrome, transposition of great vessels, duodenal atresia, and small left colon, ancephaly, and NTD
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WAGR
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- wilms, aniridia, genitourinary anomaly, MR
- 2/2 chr 11 |
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galactosemia
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- occurs when baby starts on milk => acidosis, liver failure, hyper direct bili, renal dysfx, emesis
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when to r/o CF?
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- kid with repeated URI, nasal d/x, bilateral nasal polyps
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adverse rxn to DTaP?
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- 2/2 pertussis, thus only give diphtheria and tetanus
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sick, given amox, now rash (no hx of allergic rxn to amox)
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- polymorphic rash = EBV
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coxsackie
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- virus, fever, HA, stiff neck = aspectic meningitis, myocarditis, hand foot mouth dz, herpangina = vesicales on hard palate
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bruton's agammaglobulinemia vs common variable immunodeficiency?
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- BA: X-linked, presents at 6-9mo, decreased all Ig and low B cells
- CVID: similar but less severe, ages 15-35, low Ig but normal B, not x-linked |
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strabismus
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- tx: cover good eye
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MC presentation of sickle cell trait?
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- painless hematuria
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kid with increased HVA, VMA?
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- neuroblastoma, see calcifications on xray, CT
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mesonephros vs paramesenephron
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- mesonephros: seminal vesicles, epidiymis, ejaculatory ducts, ductus deferans
- paramesenephron = fallopian tubes, uterus, part of vagina |
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developmental milestones!
- language, gross motor |
LANGUAGE
- social smile 2 mo - 2 words, obeys 1 step command = 1 yr - 2-3 words, obeys 2 step = 2yrs GROSS MOTOR - holds head 3 mo - rolls back to front = 4 mo - sits well unsupported - 6mo - walks along 12 mo - walks up stairs 24 mo |
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developmental milestones!
- fine motor - social |
FINE MOTOR
- raking grasp 6 mo - throws object 12 mo - builds 2 blocks 15 mo - 6 blocks, turn pages 24 mo SOCIAL - recognizes parents 2 mo - stranger anxiety 6 mo - imitates, comes when called 12 mo - plays with others 18 mo - parallel play 24 mo |
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peritonsillar abscess
retropharyngeal abscess |
- fever, sore throat, drooling, unilateral tonsillar swelling, uvular deviation
- bulge of posterior pharyngeal wall, s/p URI => direct spread - 2/2 strep pyrogens or staph, anareobes, do CT |
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meckel's
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- failure of vitelline duct to obliterate => gastric tissue in diverticulum => ulceration, PAINLESS bleeding
- do technetium 99m pertechnetate scan |
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weight requirement for vaccination?
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- only hepB requires 2kg
- others are given according to chronological age despite prematurity |
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vascular ring?
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- remnant of aortic arch that compresses airway => see baby with constant wheezing, coughing, SOB, worse supine, better with neck extension
- surgery |
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waterhouse-friderichsen syndrome
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- infant wth meningitis has vascular collapse 2/2 adrenal hemorrhage
- 100% mortality - see petechiae |
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SLE? how to test for syphilllis?
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+ ANA, RPR
- confirm with anti-smith, anti-dsDNA - RPR and VDRL are both falsely +, do FTA test |
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lead house?
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- 1950s
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eye screening
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age 0-5
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kid with continuous flow murmur?
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- PDA
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osgood schlatter syndrome
patellar tendonitis patellofemoral stress syndrome |
OSS
- knee pain, early adolescents => traction apophysitis => lifting up tubercle away from shaft, often in repetitive sports, NSAIDs, rest - edema and tenderness over tibial tubercle, pain against resistance - PT: point tenderness at inferior pole of patella - PFSS: runners, anterior knee pain, worse going down hills |
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hemolytic-uremic syndrome
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TRIAD: uremia, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia
- Ecoli => toxin attacks GI mucosa => bloody diarrhea => activates coag system => RBC hemolysis => jaundice TX: supportive, no abx, CS or plasmapheresis fi bad |
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salmonella
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- erythematous rash on abd = rose spots, diarrhea several weeks
- +stool cx |
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night terror vs nightmare
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- terror = nonREM
- nightmare= REM |
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meduloblastoma location? astrocytoma locatoin?
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- cerebellar vermis => posterior vermis syndrome = truncal dystaxia
- cerebellar hemisphere = arm, leg, gait dystaxia |
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hydroxyurea?
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- increases fetal Hb
- but causes bone marrow suppression => infx |
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RF nectrozing enterocolitis?
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- preterm low birth weight
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meconium ileus findings?
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- doughy, cordlike mass of intestines
- fhx CF - xray: uneven distended intestinal loops |
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hyaline membrane dz
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- < 28wks, tachypnea, grunint,g retractions, nasal flaring, duskiness
- xray: fine reticular granularity of lung parenchyma |
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transient tachypnea of newborn
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- cyanosis relieved by minimal O2, clear lungs, nl ABG, xray = increased pulm vascular marking, fluid lines in fissure, flat diaphragm
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persistant pulm HTN of newborn?
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- suspect in all post-term infants with cyanosis with or without fetal distress
- increased pulm vascular resistance => right to left shunt in PDA, foramen ovale - O2 doesn't help |
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most serious complication of kawasaki?
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- coronary artery aneurysm, get baseline EKG
- tx: iVIG and ASA |
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rubeola?
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AKA MEASLE
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breastfeeding?
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- up to 6 mo, add solid food and continue to breast feed until 1 yr
- 70% whey, 30% casein - increasd gastric emptying, IgA - less Ca and phos than formula but better absorbed! |
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pharyngitis, sandpaper like erythematous rash
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- scarlet fever 2/2 strep pyrogens
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roseola
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- high grade fever => goes away => maculopapular rash on trunk to periphery, no LAD
- ddx measles, rubella, rubeola! |
