Usmle 1 Path Cv

Front 1

MC arteries affected by Monckenberg arteriosclerosis

Back 1

Radial and Ulnar arteries

Front 2

Definition:

Hyaline thickening of small arteries in Essential HTN and DM

Back 2

Arteriolosclerosis

Front 3

Dx:

"Onionskin" thickening of the arteriolar walls

Back 3

Hyperplastic Arteriolosclerosis

(Malignant HTN)

Front 4

Definition:

Dx specific to an aneurysm of the Ascending Aorta

where does it exert its effect?
what heart problem can it lead to?

Back 4

Syphillic (Leutic) Anneurysm

effects: Vaso Vasorum

leads to: Aortic valve incompetence

Front 5

what may be confused w/ a MI if it wasn't for the normal serum enzymes?

Back 5

Dissecting Aneurysm

Front 6

Definition:

dilated small vessel surrounded by radiating fine channels and associated w/ hyperestrinism

Back 6

Spider Telangiectasia

Front 7

Dx:

Port-wine stain birthmark

Back 7

Hemangioma

Front 8

Dx:

Hemangioblastomas of the retina, cerebellum and medulla.
What can it lead to?

what genetics? gene?

Back 8

Von Hippel-Lindau Dz

can lead to: Bilateral Renal Cell CA

genetics:
Auto Dominant;
deletion on VHL gene on chrom 3

(chrom 3 = 3 words in name VHL)

Front 9

Malignant vascular tumor caused by Arsenic exposure

Back 9

Hemangiosarcoma

Front 10

Dx:

fever, weight loss, abd pain, HTN, cutaneous eruptions, arthralgia, vasculitis in arterioles and glomeruli of kidney

What is possible predisposing virus?

Back 10

Polyarteritis Nodosa
(P-ANCA)


virus: HBV

Front 11

Dx:

granulomatous vasculitis w/ eosinophilia and asthma; prominent in pulmonary vasculature

Back 11

Churg-Strauss syndrome

Front 12

Dx:

child w/ previous URI gets hemorrhagic urticaria of extensor surfaces, arthralgia, abd pain, melena

Back 12

Henoch-Schonlein purpura

Front 13

Dx:

necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis in lung and upper airway and necrotizing glomerulonephritis

Back 13

Wegener's Glanulomatosis
(C-ANCA)

Front 14

Dx:

unilateral HA, visual impairment, polymyalgia rheumatica (muscle pain), increased ESR

Back 14

Temporal arteritis

(Giant cell arteritis)

Front 15

Dx:

fever, arthritis, night sweats, myalgia, skin nodules, ocular disturbances, weak pulse in upper extremities, elevated ESR

Back 15

Takayasu's Arteritis

Front 16

Dx:

child w/ fever, congested conjuctiva, changes in lips/oral mucosa, lymphadenitis

Back 16

Kawasaki Dz

Front 17

Dx:

intermittent claudication, nodular phlebitis, cold sensitivity, heavy smoker

Back 17

Buerger's Dz

(Tx: quit smoking)

Front 18

Dx:

marked increase in diastolic BP, retinal hemorrhages, papilledema, "flea-bitten" kidney

Back 18

Malignant HTN

Front 19

Definition:

focal interstitial myocardial inflammation w/ fragmented collagen and fibrinoid material and some mulitnucleated giant cells; seen in Rheumatic fever

Back 19

Aschoff Body

(w/ Anitschkow's cells)

Front 20

MC coronary artery for MI

Back 20

LAD

Front 21

Definition:

Autoimmune phenomenon resulting in fibrinous pericarditis post-MI

Back 21

Dressler's syndrome

Front 22

what lab is elevated in Rheumatic Heart Dz?

Back 22

elevated ASO titer

Front 23

Dx:

fever, erythema marginatum, valvular damage, elevated ESR, polyarthritis, Sub-q nodules, chorea

Back 23

Rheumatic Heart Dz

(mitral = MC valve)

Front 24

MCC of Subacute Endocarditis

Back 24

Strep Viridians

Front 25

MCC of Acute Endocarditis

Back 25

Staph Aureus

Front 26

Definiton:

Endocarditis secondary to metastasis or renal failure

Back 26

Marantic endocarditis

(can result in peripheral emboli)

Front 27

(3) congenital Right -> Left shunts

Back 27

3 Ts:

Tetralogy of Fallot;

Transposition of great vessels;

Truncus Arteriosus

Front 28

Dx:

Fixed S2 split

Back 28

ASD

Front 29

Definition:

uncorrected VSD, ASD, or PDA leads to progressive pulmonary HTN. With Inc pulm resistance, shunt reverses from L -> R to
R -> L, causing late cyanosis, clubbing and polycythemia

Back 29

Eisenmenger's syndrome

Front 30

which congenital heart defect is not compatable with life unless a shunt is present?

Back 30

Transposition of great vessels

Front 31

Dx:

notching of ribs, HTN in upper extremities and weak pulses in lower extremities

Back 31

Coarctation of Aorta

Front 32

Dx:

continuous "machine-like" murmur

Back 32

PDA

Front 33

what is given to close a PDA?

Back 33

Indomethacin

Front 34

what is given to keep a PDA open?

Back 34

Prostaglandins

[PROp it open]

Front 35

Congenital defect with:

Congenital Rubella
(2)

Back 35

Septal defect;

PDA

Front 36

Congenital defect with:

Marfan's syndrome

Back 36

Aortic insufficiency

Front 37

Congenital defect with:

offspring of Diabetic mother

Back 37

Transposition of Great vessels

Front 38

Murmur:

systolic High-pitched "blowing"

Back 38

Mitral Regurg

Front 39

Murmur:

Midsystolic Click

Back 39

Mitral Prolapse

Front 40

Murmur:

Wide pulse-pressure

Back 40

Aortic Regurg

Front 41

MC heart tumor in children

Back 41

Rhabdomyoma

(w/ Tuberous Sclerosis)

Front 42

which type of emboli can lead to DIC?

Back 42

Amniotic fluid embloi

Front 43

Dx:

low CO, equilibrium of pressures in all 4 chambers, JVD, pulsus paradoxus

Back 43

Cardiac tamponade

Front 44

(4) causes of Serous Pericarditis

Back 44

SLE;

RA;

Infection;

Uremia

Front 45

(3)* causes of Fibrinous pericarditis

Back 45

Fiber in your RUM:

Rheumatic fever;

Uremia;

MI

Hint 45

Fiber in your RUM

Front 46

(4) signs of Tetralogy of Fallot

Back 46

PROVe:

Pulmonary stenosis;

RVH;

Overriding Aorta;

VSD

Front 47

developmental cause of Tetralogy of Fallot?

Back 47

Anterosuperior displacement of Infundibular septum

Front 48

Definition:

passage of emboli from the venous circulation into the arterial circulation via a R -> L shunt

Back 48

Paradoxic Emboli