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116 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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anti-centromere antibodies
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scleroderma (CREST)
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anti-desmoglein antibodies
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pemphigus vulgaris
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anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies
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Goodpasture's Syndrome (glomerulnephritis and hemoptysis)
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anti-histone antibodies
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Drug-induced SLE (hydralazine, isoniazid, phenytoin, procainamide)
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anti-IgG antibodies
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rheumatoid arthritis
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anti-mitochondrial antibodies (AMAs)
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primary biliary cirrhosis (female, cholestasis, portal HTN)
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anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)
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vasculitis
c-ANCA - granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's) p-ANCA - microscopic polyangiitis, Churg-Strauss Syndrome |
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anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs: anti-Smith and anti-dsDNA)
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SLE (Type III hypersensitivity)
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antiplatelet antibodies
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idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
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anti-topoisomerase antibodies
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diffuse systemic scleroderma
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anti-transglutaminase (TTG), anti-endomysial, anti-gliadin antibodies
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Celiac disease
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"apple core" lesion on abdominal x-ray
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colorectal cancer (usually left sided)
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azurophilic peroxidase-positive granular inclusions in granulocytes and myeloblasts
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Auer rodes (AML)
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bacitracin response sensitive
bacitractin response resistant |
sensitive: strep pyogenes (Group A)
resistant: strep agalactiae (Group B) |
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bamboo spine on x-ray
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ankylosing spondylitis
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basophilic nuclear remnants in RBCs
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Howell-Jolly Bodies - due to splenectomy or nonfunctional spleen
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basophilic stippling of RBCs (2)
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lead poisoning
Sideroblastic anemia |
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bloody tap on lumbar puncture
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subarachnoid hemorrhage
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boot shaped heart on x-ray (2)
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Tetralogy of Fallot
RVH |
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branching gram positive rods with sulfur granules
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actinomyces israelii
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bronchogenic apical lung tumor on imaging
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pancoast tumor (causes Horner's Syndrome)
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"brown" tumor of bone
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hyperparathyroidism/osteitis fibrosa cystica (deposited hemosiderin from hemorrhage gives brown color)
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cardiomegaly with apical atrophy
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Chagas Disease (trypanosoma cruzi)
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cellular crescents in Bowman's capsule
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rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis
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"chocolate cyst" of ovary
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endometriosis
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circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale neurofibrils
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Homer-Wright rosettes (neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, retinoblastoma)
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colonies of mucoid Pseudomonas in lungs
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cystic fibrosis (autosomal recessive)
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"decreased" alpha-fetal protein in amniotic fluid/maternal serum
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Down syndrome or other chromosomal abnormality
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degeneration of dorsal column nerves (2)
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tabes dorsales (tertiary syphilis)
subacute combined degeneration (B12) |
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depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra
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Parkinson's disease
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desquamated epithelium casts in sputum
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Curschmann's spirals (bronchial asthma)
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disarrayed granulosa cells in eosinophilic fluid
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Call-Exner bodies (granulosa-theca cell tumor of ovary)
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dysplastic squamous cervical cells with nuclear enlargement and hyperchromasia
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HPV - predisposes to cervical cancer
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enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies ("Owl's eye" appearance)
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CMV
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enlarged thyroid cells with ground glass nuclei
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papillary carcinoma of the thyroid
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eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion of the liver cell
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mallory bodies (alcoholism)
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eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in neuron
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lewy body (Parkinsons)
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eosinophilic globule in liver
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toxic or viral hepatitis
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eosinophilic inclusion bodies in cytoplasm of hippocampal nerve cells
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Negri bodies of rabies
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extracellular amyloid deposition in gray matter of brain
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senile plaques (Alzheimers)
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giant B cells with bilobed nuclei with prominant inclusions
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Reed-Sternberg cells (Hodgkin's Lymphoma) - they look like owl's eyes (don't confuse with CMV appearance)
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glomerulus-like structure surrounding vessel in germ cells
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Schiller-Duval bodies (yolk sac tumor)
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"Hair on end" x-ray (2)
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thalassemia
sickle cell anemia |
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hCG elevated
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choriocarcinoma
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heart nodules (granulomatous)
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Aschoff bodies (rheumatic fever)
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heterophile antibodies
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infectious mononucleosis (EBV)
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hexagonal, double pointed, needle-like crystals in bronchial secretions
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bronchial asthma (Charcot Leyden crystals)
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high levels of D dimers (3)
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DVT
pulmonary embolism DIC |
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hilar lymphadenopathy, peripheral granulomas in middle or lower lung that can calcify
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Ghon's complex (primary TB)
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"Honeycomb" lung on x-ray or CT
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interstitial pulmonary fibrosis
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hypercoagulability leading to migrating DVTs or vasculitis
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Trousseau's syndrome (adenocarcinoma of pancreas or lung)
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hypersegmented neutrophils
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megaloblastic anemia
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hypertension, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis
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Conn's syndrome (aldosterone producing tumor)
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hypochromic, microcytic anemia
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Thalassemia
anemia of chronic disease IDA Lead poisoning sideroblastic anemia |
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"increased" alpha fetal protein in amniotic fluid/maternal serum (2)
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anencephaly
spinal bifida |
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increased uric acid levels (4)
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gout
Lesch-Nyhan tumor lysis syndrome loop and thiazide diuretics |
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intranuclear eosinophilic droplet-like bodies (2)
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HSV or CMV (Cowdry bodies)
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iron-containing nodules in alveolar septum
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asbestosis
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keratin pearls on skin biopsy
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SCC
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large lysosomal vesicles in phagocytes, immunodeficiency
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Chediak-Higashi Disease (congenital failure of phagolysosome formation)
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"lead pipe" colon
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UC
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linear IgG deposition on basement membrane
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Goodpasture's Syndrome
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low serum ceruloplasmin
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Wilson Disease
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"lumpy bumpy" glomeruli on immunofluoresencse
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post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (immune complex deposition of IgG and C3b)
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lytic lesions on x-ray
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multiple myeloma
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mammary gland ("blue domed") cyst
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fibrocystic changes of the breast
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monclonal antibody spike (4)
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1. multiple myeloma (IgG or IgA)
2. MGUS 3. Waldenstroms (IgM) macroglobulinemia 4. primary amyloidosis |
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mucin filled cell with peripheral nucleus
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signet ring (gastric carcinoma)
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narrowing of bowel lumen on barium x-ray
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Crohn's (string sign)
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necrotizing vasculitis of lung and glomerulonephritis (2)
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granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's)
Goodpasture's syndrome |
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needle-shaped, negatively birefringent crystals
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gout (monosodium urate crystals)
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nodular hyaline deposits in glomeruli
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Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules in diabetic nephrosclerosis
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novobiocin response sensitive
novobiocin response resistant |
sensitive - Staph epidermydis
resistant - staph saprophyticus |
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"nutmeg" appearance of liver
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chronic passive congestion of liver due to right heart failure
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"onion skin" periosteal reaction
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Ewing's sarcoma
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optochin response sensitive
optochin response resistant |
sensitive: strep. pneumoniae
resistant: viridans strep |
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periosteum raised from bone creating triangular area (3)
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osteosarcoma
Ewing's sarcoma pyogenic osteomyelitis (Codman's triangle) |
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podocyte fusion or effacement on electron microscopy
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minimal change disease (nephrotic syndrome in kids)
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polished, "ivory like" appearance of bone at cartilage erosion
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osteoarthritis (eburnation)
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protein aggregates in neurons from hyperphosphorylation of tau protein (2)
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neurofibrillary tangles (Alzheimers)
Pick's bodies (Pick's Disease) |
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psammoma bodies (4)
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meningiomas
papillary thyroid cancer mesothelioma papillary serous carcinoma of ovary/endometrium |
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pseudopalisading tumor cells on brain biopsy
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glioblastoma multiforme
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RBC casts in urine
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acute glomerulonephritis
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rectangular, crystal-like, cytoplasmic inclusions in Leydig cells
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Leydig cell tumor (Reinke cells)
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renal epithelial casts in urine
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acute toxic/viral nephrosis
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rhomboid crystals, positively birefringent
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pseudogout (calcium pyrophosphate)
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rib notching
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coarctation of aorta
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ring-enhancing brain lesion in AIDS (2)
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toxoplasma gondii
CNS lymphoma |
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sheets of medium-sized lymphoid cells with scattered pale, tingible body-laden macrophages (Starry Sky)
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Burkitt's lymphoma t(8;14)
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silver staining spherical aggregation of tau proteins in neurons
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Pick bodies (Pick's Disease - progressive dementia, changes in personality)
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"soap bubble" in femor or tibia on x-ray
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giant cell tumor of bone
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"spikes" on basement membrane, "dome-like" subepithelial deposits
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membranous glomerulonephritis (may progress to nephrotic syndrome)
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stacks of RBCs (2)
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high ESR
multiple myeloma (Rouleaux) |
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stippled vaginal epithelial cells
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"clue cells" of Gardenerella vaginalis
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"tennis racquet" shaped cytoplasmic organelles in Langherhans cells
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histiocytosis X/Langerhan's cell histiocytosis (Birbeck granules)
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thrombi made of white/red layers
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arterial thrombus (lines of Zahn)
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"thumb sign" on lateral x-ray
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epiglottitis (Haemophilus influenzae)
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thyroid like appearance of kidney
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chronic bacterial pyelonephritis
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tram-track appearance of capillary loops of glomerular basement membranes on light microscopy
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membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
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triglyceride accummulation in liver vacuole cells
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fatty liver disease (alcoholic or metabolic syndrome)
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"waxy" casts with very low urine flow
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chronic end-stage renal disease
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WBC casts in urine
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acute pyelonephritis
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WBCs that look smudged
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CLL (almost always B cell)
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"wire loop" glomerular capillary appearance on light microscope
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lupus nephropathy
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yellowish CSF
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xanthochromia (due to subarachnoid hemorrhage)
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high CEA (2)
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colorectal cancer
pancreatic cancer |
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high CA 19-9
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pancreatic cancer
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high CA-125
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ovarian cancer
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high AFP (2) for cancer
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hepatocellular carcinoma
yolk sac tumors |
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low AFP in maternal serum
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Down's syndrome
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high AFP in maternal serum
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neural tube defects (spina bifida, anencephaly)
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1. tau proteins of neurofibrillary triangles and B-amyloid deposition (senile plaques)
2. spherical abnormal tau protein that causes frontotemporal atrophy, dementia |
1. Alzheimer's
2. Pick's disease (frontotemporal dementia) |
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alpha-synuclein defect (Lewy Body) (2)
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Lewy Body Dementia
Parkinson's (Lewy bodies) |
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JC virus in AIDS patient
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progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)
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periventricular plaques
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multiple sclerosis (autoimmune IgG destruction of myelin and oligodendrocytes of CNS)
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FTA-ABS positive
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syphilis
FTA = fluorescent treponemal antibody this is better test for syphilis than VDRL (venereal disease research lab tets) |
