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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical nature of the element. A neutral, spherical entity composed of a positively charged central nucleus surrounded by one or more negatively charged electrons.
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Atom
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The average of the masses of the naturally occurring isotopes of an element weighted according to their abundances.
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Atomic Mass
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A mass exactly equal to 1/12 the mass of a carbon-12 atom.
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Atomic Mass Unit(AMU)
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The unique number of protons in the nucleus of each atom of an element.
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Atomic Number
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A one or two letter abbreviation for the English, Latin, or Greek name of an element.
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Atomic Symbol
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A substance composed of two or more elements that are chemically combined in fixed positions.
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Compound
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A subatomic particle that possesses a unit negative charge and occupies the space around the atomic nucleus.
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Electron
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The simplest type of substance with unique physical and chemical properties. Consists of the only one kind of atom, so it cannot be broken down into any simpler substances.
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Element
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Atoms of a given atomic number that have different numbers of neutrons and therefore different mass numbers.
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Isotopes
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A mass law stating that, no matter what its source, a particular chemical compund is composed of the same elements in the same parts by mass.
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Law of Definite Composition
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A mass law stating that the total mass of substances does not change during a chemical reaction.
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Law of Mass Conservation
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A mass law stating that if elements A and B react to form two compunds, the different masses of B that combine with a fixed mass of A can be expressed as a ratio of small whole numbers.
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Law of Multiple Proportions
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The portion of a compound's mass contributed by an element; the mass of an element in a compound divided by the mass of the compound.
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Mass Fraction
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The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.
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Mass Number
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The fraction by mass expressed as a percentage. A concentration term expressed as the mass in grams of solute dissolved per 100g of solution.
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Mass Percent
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A group of two or more elements and/or compounds that are physically intermingled.
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Mixture
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A structure consisting of two or more atoms that are chemically bound together and behave as an independent unit.
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Molecule
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An uncharged subatomic particle found in the nucleus, with a mass slightly greater than that of a proton.
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Neutron
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The tiny central region of the atom that contains all the positive charge and essentially all the mass.
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Nucleus
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A subatomic particle found in the nucleus that has a unit positive charge.
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Proton
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A type of matter, either an element or a compound, that has a fixed composition.
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Pure Substance
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