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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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-Miss & Ohio River Valley
-Bug within macrophage -Causes pneumonia |
Histoplasma
(Histo Hides w/in mo) |
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-Broad-base budding yeast
-East of Miss River -Forms granulomatous nodules -Spreads to skin and bone from lung |
Blastomycosis
(Blasto Buds Broadly) |
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-SW US
-Causes pneumonia and meningitis -Spherule |
Coccidioidomycosis
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-Budding yeast with "captain's wheel" formation
-Latin America |
Paracoccidioidomycosis
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-Cutaneous yeast that causes hypopigmented patches
-"Spaghetti & Meatball" appearance with KOH prep |
Malassezia furfur
(Tinea versicolor) |
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-Pruritic lesions with central clearing resembling ring
-Dermatophytes -Mold hyphae on KOH prep |
Microsporum
(Tinea pedis, cruris, corporis, capitis) |
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-Pseudohyphae + budding yeast
-Germ tubes |
Candida
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-Lung cavity
-Mold: 45 angle branching septate hyphae |
Aspergillus fumigatus
(A for Acute Angle in Aspergillus) "Fungus ball" in lungs |
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-Causes meningitis
-Yeast: wide capsular halo -Narrow-based unequal budding -"Soap bubble lesion in brain" |
Cryptococcus
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-Irregular broad, nonseptate hyphae, wide angle branching
-See in DM and leukemic pts -Can get Rhinocerebral frontal lobe abscesses |
Mucor and Rhizopus
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Causes diffuse interstitial pneumonia in HIV pts
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Pneumocystis jiroveci (yeast)
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Rose gardener's disease
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Sporothrix schenckii
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-Fatty foul-smelling diarrhea
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Giardia lamblia
(Tx: metronidazole) |
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-Bloody diarrhea, liver abscess, RUQ pain
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Entamoeba histolytica
(Tx: Metronidazole) |
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-Severe diarrhea in AIDs
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Cryptosporidium
(acid fast cysts) |
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-Brain abscess in HIV
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Toxoplasma gondii
(Tx: sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine) |
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-Rapidly fatal meningoencephalitis
-Enters via cribiform plate |
Naegleria fowleri
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-CP: Enlarged LN, recurring fever, somnolence, coma
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African Sleeping Sickness
(Trypanosoma gambiense) Protozoa Tsets fly |
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CP: Dilated cardiomyopathy, megacolon, megaesophagus
- In South America |
Chagas disease
Trypanosoma cruzi Reduviid bug (Tx: Nifurtimox) |
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-CP: spiking fevers, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia
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Kala-azar
Leishmania donovani Sandfly (Tx: Sodium stibogluconate) |
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CP: cyclic fever, HA, anemia, splenomegaly
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Plasmodium
-P. vivax/ovale: cycles qOD; dormant form in liver -P. falcuparum Anopheles mosquito |
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-CP: fever, hemolytic anemia
-Maltose cross and ring form on blood smear |
Babesia
Ixodes tick |
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CP: foul-smelling greenish vaginal discharge, itching and burning
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Trichomonas vaginalis
(Tx: metronidazole) |
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-Cause of elephantiasis
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Wuchereria bancrofti (helminth)
(Tx: diethycarbamazine) |
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-CP: granulomas, fibrosis, and inflammation of the spleen and liver
-Chronic infection--> SCC of bladder |
Schistosoma (fluke)
(Tx: praziquantel) |
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-Under cooked fish
-Inflammation of biliary tract--> pigmented gallstones -Assoc with cholangiocarcinoma |
Clonorchis sinensis
(Tx: praziquantel) |
