Use And Abuse Of Psychoactive Drugs Cpater(7)

Front 1

Drug

Back 1

Any chemical other than food intended to affect the structure or function of the body.

Front 2

Addiction

Back 2

Psychological or physical dependance on a substance or behavior, characterized by a compulsive desire and increasing need for the substance or behavior and by harm to the individual and/or society

Front 3

Psychoactive drug

Back 3

A drug that can alter a person's consciousness or experience.

Front 4

Intoxication

Back 4

The state of being mentally affected by a chemical (literally, a state of being poisoned).

Front 5

Addictive behavior

Back 5

Any habit that has gotten out of control, resulting in a negative effect on one's health.

Front 6

Habituation

Back 6

Similar to addiction, involving the routine use of a substance, but without the level of compulsion or increasing need that characterizes addiction.

Front 7

Substance Abuse

Back 7

A maladaptive pattern of using any substance that persists despite adverse social, psychological, or medical consequences. The pattern may be intermittent, with or without tolerance and physical dependence.

Front 8

Physical dependance

Back 8

The result of physiological adaptation that occurs in response to the frequent presence of a drug; typically associated with tolerance and withdrawal.

Front 9

Substance dependance

Back 9

A cluster of cognitive, behavioral, and phisiological symptoms that occur in someone who continues to use a substance despite suffering significant substance-related problems, leading to significant impairment or distress; also known as addiction.

Front 10

Tolerance

Back 10

Lower sensitivity to a drug so that a given dose no longer exerts the usual effect and larger doses are needed.

Front 11

Withdrawal

Back 11

Physical and psychological symptoms that follow the interrupted use of a drug on which a user is physically dependent; symptoms may be mild or life threatening.

Front 12

Neurotransmitter

Back 12

A brain chemical that transmits nerve impulses.

Front 13

Pharmacological properties

Back 13

The overall effects of a drug on a person's behavior, psychology, and chemistry.

Front 14

Dose-response function

Back 14

The relationship between the amount of a drug taken and the intensity and type of the resulting effect.

Front 15

Time-action function

Back 15

The relationship between the time elapsed since a drug was taken and the intensity of its effect.

Front 16

High

Back 16

The subjectively pleasing effects of a drug, usually felt quite soon after the drug is taken.

Front 17

Placebo effect

Back 17

A response to an inert or innocuous medication given in place of an active drug.

Front 18

Opioid

Back 18

Any of several natural or synthetic drugs that relieve pain and cause drowsiness and/or euphoria; examples are opium, morphine, and heroin; also called a narcotic.

Front 19

Euphoria

Back 19

An exaggerated feeling of well-being.

Front 20

Depressant, or sedative-hypnotic

Back 20

A drug that decreases nervous or muscular activity, causing drowsiness or sleep.

Front 21

Central nervous system (CNS)

Back 21

The brain and spinal cord.

Front 22

Sedation

Back 22

The induction of a calm, relaxed, often sleepy state.

Front 23

Tranquilizer

Back 23

A CNS depressant that reduces tension and anxiety.

Front 24

Stimulant

Back 24

A drug that increases nervous or muscular activity.

Front 25

State dependence

Back 25

A situation in which information learned in a drug-induced state is difficult to recall when the effect of the drug wears off.

Front 26

Depersonalization

Back 26

A state in which a person loses the sense of his or her reality or perceives his or her body as unreal.

Front 27

Hallucinogen

Back 27

Any of several drugs that alter perception, feelings, or thoughts; examples are LSD, mescaline, and PCP.

Front 28

Synesthesia

Back 28

A condition in which a stimulus evokes not only the sensation appropriate to it but also another sensation of a different character, such as when a color evokes a specific smell.

Front 29

Altered states of consciousness

Back 29

Profound changes in mood, thinking, and perception.

Front 30

Flashback

Back 30

A perceptual distortion or bizarre thought that recurs after the chemical effects of a drug have worn off.

Front 31

Codependency

Back 31

A relationship in which a non-substance-abusing partner or family member is controlled by the abuser's behavior; codependent people frequently engage in enabling behaviors.

Front 32

A physiological or psychological dependence on a substance or activity

Back 32

Addiction

Front 33

A drug that increases the action of the central nervous system, the heart, and other organs, and raises blood pressure and heart rate

Back 33

Stimulant

Front 34

A drug that decreases nervous or muscular activity, causing drowsiness or sleep.

Back 34

Depressant

Front 35

Physical and mental impairment resulting from the use of substances and can range from an inability to walk to unconsciousness.

Back 35

Intoxication

Front 36

Any unnecessary or improper use of chemical substances for nonmedical purposes

Back 36

Substance abuse

Front 37

People cannot lawfully manufacture these drugs; otherwise known as street drugs

Back 37

Illegal drugs

Front 38

Chemical substances produced artificially in a laboratory and derived from natural drugs.

Back 38

Synthetic drugs

Front 39

Drugs that often lead to other serious and dangerous drug use

Back 39

Gateway drugs

Front 40

Drugs made so as to physically resemble specific illegal drugs

Back 40

Look-a-like Drugs

Front 41

A strong or even fatal reaction to taking a large amount of a drug

Back 41

Overdose

Front 42

A feeling of intense well-being or elation that may be followed by a complete "crash" or letdownE

Back 42

Euphoria

Front 43

Slows down the Central Nervous System (CNS)

Back 43

Depressants

Front 44

Sedative-hypnotics; drugs that induce sleep; can be fatal if mixed with alcohol

Back 44

Barbiturates

Front 45

Drugs derived from the opium plant that have a sedative effect; morphine, heroin, and codeine

Back 45

Narcotics-Opiates

Front 46

Drugs that speed up the Central Nervous System (CNS)

Back 46

Stimulants

Front 47

Irrational suspiciousness or distrust of others

Back 47

Paranoia

Front 48

This drug produces feelings of well-being and high energy; wears off quickly and abuser is left feeling depressed; made from inexpensive OTC ingredients

Back 48

Methamphetamine

Front 49

Powerful but short-acting stimulant; sniffed, smoked, or injected; effects wear off quickly so severe depression occurs

Back 49

Cocaine

Front 50

These drugs overload the brain with sensory information, causing a distorted sense of reality

Back 50

Hallucinogens

Front 51

This drug gives an individual a false sense of security, "bad trips," or flashbacks

Back 51

LSD-Acid

Front 52

This drug is nicknamed shrooms

Back 52

Psilocybin

Front 53

This drug dulls touch and pain, injury occurs often with possible flashbacks, and can cause serious long-term effects

Back 53

PCP-Angel Dust

Front 54

Substances with breathable fumes that are sniffed and inhaled to have a hallucinogenic or mind-altering high

Back 54

Inhalants

Front 55

Highly unpredictable drugs; effects vary from person to person; ectasy and rohypnol are examples

Back 55

Club Drugs

Front 56

Cannabis that is smoked or eaten--most frequently abused psychoactive drug

Back 56

Marijuana

Front 57

Causes moodiness, high blood pressure, acne, baldness, liver damage, heart disease, and increased body/facial hair

Back 57

Anabolic steriods