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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which term describes a body part that is closer towards the midsagittal line of the body than another body part?
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medial
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Who of the following conducted the earliest, systematic study of bones?
Vesalius, Hippocrates, Galen, Fabricus, Harvey |
Galen
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What is the total number of bones that comprise the human spine, or "vertebrae"?
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33
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The study of tissues is referred to as _____.
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histology
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What percent of the cells of the body classified as nervous tissue actually comprise the brain?
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10%
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Which of the following may be considered the first major turning point in the history of modern medical paradigms?
Aristotle's four-humors model; the systematic dissection of the human body in Alexandria; the discovery of physiological-anatomical connections in disease; the Greek ideological view of disease; the Roman concept of public hygiene |
the Greek ideological view of disease
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A "rib" is classified as which of the following types of bone?
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flat
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The MOST predominant factor(s) in blood plasma is(are) _____.
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water
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High levels of cortisol in the blood is generally an indication of _____.
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stress
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Muscular tissues are specifically designed to _____.
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provide specific movements
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The pericardium _____.
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surrounds and protects the heart
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The hormones produced in the hypothalamus are primarily engaged in the control of _____.
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water regulation
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Which of the following cells provide the function of cartilage erosion in the early stages of permanent bone formation?
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osteoclasts
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Thomas Willis is credited for coining the term _____.
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neurophysics
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All of the following are secreted by the anterior pituitary EXCEPT:
growth hormone (GH); thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH); luteinizing hormone (LH); adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH); antidiuretic hormone (ADH) |
antidiuretic hormone
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The sliding-filament theory is designed to describe the motion of _____.
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muscles
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Vasopressin, a peptide hormone released from the posterior pituitary, has the primary function in the body of regulating extracellular fluid volume by affecting renal handling of water. Vasopressin is also known as _____.
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antidiuretic hormone
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Erythrocytes have a primary function of _____.
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oxygen transport
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The "bicuspid," left atrioventricular valve, is also known sa the _____.
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mitral valve
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The organ MOST responsible for the functionin of the endocrine system is the _____.
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hypothalamus
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An example of a Hippocratic "natural" cause would be _____.
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eating bad food and then becoming ill from it
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The leading cause of death in the United States is _____.
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coronary heart disease
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Identification of lesions in the cortex and snile plaques in brain tissue obtained duringa n autopsy are confirming evidence of _____.
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Alzheimer's disease
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All of the following bones are located in the upper extremity EXCEPT:
humerus; fibula; ulna; radius; phalanges |
fibula
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The branch of the nervous system that consists of the brain and spinal cord is referred to as the _____.
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central nervous system
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The type of neuroglial cells that provide myelin in the central nervous system are called the _____.
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oligodendrocytes
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The first known physician to conduct extensive studies on lung disease was _____.
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Paracelsus
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Which of the following substances is secreted at the ending of nerve cells?
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a neurotransmitter
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The monoamine neurotransmitters include _____.
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norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin
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Which tissue contains chondrocytes that produce a threadlike network and help to provide flexibility to that tissue?
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elastic cartilage
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Which of the following is calssified as a ball-and-socket joint?
elbow; ankle; wrist; hip; knee |
hip
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MAO blockers are effective treatments for Parkinson's patients, because they hinder the normal enzymatic degradation of which neurotransmitter?
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dopamine
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A surface replacement or "retreading" is a procedure that is normally reserved for the _____.
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knee
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Although the CNS contains less than 2% of the total amount of this hormone in the entire body, its role in a range of brain functions and despecially the sense of "well-being" is extremely important.
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serotonin
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Deglutition involves the process of _____.
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swallowing
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The region of the brain that converges into the spinal cord is the _____.
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mesencephalon
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Which anatomist is famous for his work "De venarum ostiolis," a detailed description of the venous system?
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Fabricus
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In order to determine the age of an unborn fetus, a physician would normally employ the aid of a(n) _____.
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ultrasound
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What color would muscle tissue appear on an un-enhanced CT scan?
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grey
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The cavity that encases the brain is called the _____.
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cranial cavity
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The point of attachment for a muscle to a bone that is free to move is referred to as its _____.
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insertion
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Kupffer cells, that clean and destroy microbes in the blood are found in the _____.
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liver
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Automatically pulling your hand away from a painful stimulus such as a hot pot handle is an example of _____.
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reflexive behavior
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The "xiphoid process" is associated with the _____.
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sternum
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MRI imaging is MOST dependent upon _____.
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a powerful magnet
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Where would a condyloid joint be located on the human skeleton?
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between the hand and the fingers
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Which artery supplies the head with exygenated blood?
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carotid
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Gas exchange occurs in which part of the lungs?
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alveolus
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PET scans are capable of _____.
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measuring minute changes in cellular activity
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Often considered the "father of microscopy," which histologist discovered previously unknown details concerning mammalian blood?
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Malpighi
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