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86 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A system of government in which a written constitution divides the powers of government on a territorial basis between a central, or national government and several regional government, usually called states or provinces
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Federalism
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Basic principle of federalism; the constitutional provisions by which government powers are split on a geographic basis between the national government and the states
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division of powers
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This is the major strength of federalism
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allows local action in matters of local concern and national actions in matters of wider concern
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Give an example of how states make laws to deal with local traditions and needs which may differ from other states
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N. Dakota is the only state that doesn't require voters to register in order to cast their ballots
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List five powers which are denied to states in Article I, Section 10
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states cannot: enter into treaties with foreign nations; coin money; pass and ex post facto law; tax exports or imports; declare war
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List three obligations of the national government to the states
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create a Republican form of government; protect against invasion and internal disorder; show respect for territorial integrity
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TRUE/FALSE: It is up to the Supreme Court to determine whether a state has a republican form of government
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False
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Give and example of an occasion when the Federal government had to use force to restore order within a state
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the riots after the death of Martin Luther King
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Who has the power to admit new states to the union?
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only Congress
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How many times has Congress admitted new states?
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37
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TRUE/FALSE: No state has ever been created from parts of existing states
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False
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TRUE/FALSE: No state has been admitted to the union which was at one time an independent republic
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False
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What is the first step that an area desiring Statehood must do in the process of admission
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ask Congress for admission
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An act which directs the people of a territory to frame a proposed State constitution
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enabling act
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This is passed by Congress-it actually creates the new state
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act of admission
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Give an example of a condition that the Congress required of a state in order for it to be admitted to the U.S.
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the state asking for admission must have a constitution
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When the federal government gives money or other resources to states and/or their cities, counties, and other local units. These funds help them to perform a large share of their everyday functions
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grants-in-aid
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This kind of federal funding, available to States, cities, and counties was in place from 1972-1987. Under this program, Congress gave an annual amount of tax revenue to local units amounting to more than $83 billion over the 15 years of the program. Virtually no strings were attached to this money
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revenue sharing
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This kind of federal funding, in wide use over the last several years is for broadly defined purposes such as health care, social services, or welfare. Local units have a large amount of freedom in deciding how to spend this money
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block grants
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This kind of Federal funding is made for specific purposes like school lunches or construction of an airport. These funds are usually given with strings attached which designate how the money to be spent and a set of guidelines that must be obeyed.
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categorical grants
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This kind of Federal funding is obtained by local units applying for it. These funds, perhaps, give support to scientists for cancer research and for job training and employment programs
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project grants
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TRUE/FALSE: While the Federal government provides to state and local governments, local units generally do not aid Federal government in performance of its duties
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False
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TRUE/FALSE: The Tenth Amendment states that there should be a dual system of government, that the people and states have rights that were not expressed in the Constitution
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True
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This is a law that is passed by a legislature-it names a person guilty of a crime and punishes them without a trial
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Bill of Attainder
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This is a law which makes a person guilty of a crime-which wasn't a crime when the act was committed
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ex post facto law
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The primary method by which the government borrows money
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bonds
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These are powers which both the Federal government and the states exercise
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concurrent powers
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These are powers which are forbidden to governments-they many NOT exercise them
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denied powers
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These are powers that are exercised through the use of Article I, Section 8, Paragraph 18-the Elastic Clause. These powers are inferred through other powers given to the government
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implied powers
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These are powers-presumably derived from Amendment 10-that are supposed to be exercised ONLY by the states
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reserved powers
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These are powers which are specifically listed as belonging to the Federal government. Many of them are in Article I, Section 8, paragraphs 1-17
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expressed powers
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This is the process by which person not born in the country can become citizens
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naturalization
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This is the term for the guarantee government provides to inventors that the exclusively control the manufacture or sale of their inventions
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patent
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This is the term for the guarantee government provides to artists, authors, and composers that they have exclusive right to control reproduction, publication, and sale of literary, musical, or other creative work they have done
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copyright
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This is the crime that is committed on the high seas-outside the territorial waters of the United States
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piracy
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This is the crime of creating, falsifying coins, paper money, bonds, stamps, and the like
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counterfeiting
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This is the court order directing a sheriff, warden, or other public officer who is detaining another to "produce the body" of the one being held in order that the legality of the detention may be determined in court
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Habeas corpus
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This is the "power of the purse." Federal money can be spent only in those amounts and for those purposes expressly authorized by an act of Congress. All federal income and spending must be accounted for, regularly and publicly
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appropriation
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This is the term the U.S. Constitution uses for the :National Guard"
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militia
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This was the specific "subject" of the case Printz v. United States
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distribution of firearms
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What was McCulloch v. Maryland about
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the 2nd Bank of the U.S.
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After deciding that Congress did have the right to implied powers, what did the Court's ruling go on to say in McCulloch v. Maryland
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The federal government had supremacy over the state government, based on the Supremacy Clause
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This states, "This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be made...and all treaties made...shall be the supreme Law of the Lane..."
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the Supremacy Clause [Article VI, Section 2]
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TRUE/FALSE: The Supreme Court is the umpire in the Federal system
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True
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This is the term for government seizure of land for public use
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eminent domain
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Congress creates a coin to commemorate the inauguration of President-Elect Obama
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Delegated/Expressed to the Federal Government; Denied to the States
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Income taxes are raised
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Concurrent Powers
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It is decided to tax all computer games that leave the country
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Denied to the Federal Government
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Distribution and sale of alcohol beverages is regulated
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Reserved to the Sates
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A person who murders an FBI agent is put on trial
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Concurrent powers
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It is decided that voting for U.S. Senators will take place over a three-week period
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Reserved to the States
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A law is passed which allows the government to hold a person for trial even though no evidence is offered as to their guilt
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Denied to both Federal and State governments
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War is declared on Mexico after it seizes financial assets of American citizens living in Mexico
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Delegated/Expressed to the Federal Government; Denied to the States
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After a person is paid market value for their property, the person's property is taken for a public park
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Concurrent powers
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A law is passed by the legislature which declares a person guilty of a crime and seizes their property as punishment
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Denied to both Federal and State governments
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The government increases the size of the standing army by adding three new division
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Delegates/Expressed to the Federal Government
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It is decided to build a new school at the corner of Georgia Avenue and Route 108
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Reserved to the States
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The President decides to use Federal money from the treasury to pay for his inaugural celebration`
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Denied to both Federal and State governments
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It is decided that in order to have the right to drive a car, a person must by 17 years old
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Reserved to the States
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It is decided that licenses will be required for companies to sell computer games to foreign nations
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Delegate/Expressed to the Federal government; Denied to the States
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Bonds are issued in order to help pay for the government expenses. People can buy them and receive interest after some given period of time
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Concurrent powers
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It is decided that same-sex marriage not be legal in a state
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Reserved to the States
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As an honor given to Bill Clinton for service to the nation, he is made the Prince of New York
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Denied to the Federal and State governments
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A new level of courts is created for appeals to reduce the load on the higher courts
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Concurrent powers
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The U.S. military is assigned to patrol the waters off of Somalia to put a stop to the pirates interference with the sea lanes and ship traffic
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Delegated/Expressed to the Federal government
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It is decided to admit Puerto Rico as the 51st state
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Delegated/Expressed to the Federal government
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It is decided that counties will be allowed to become chartered, elect leaders, and make laws for their counties
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Reserved to the States
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Because the old Wilson Bridge on the Washington Beltway is in danger of collapse, a new bridge connecting Virginia and Maryland is built
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Delegated/Expressed to the Federal government; Concurrent powers
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In order to prevent the bankruptcy of Ford Motor Company, a company that employs huge numbers of its citizens, Michigan passes a law that allows Ford to reduce salaries and benefits to its workers
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Denied to the States
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The inventor of the intermittent windshield wiper sues Ford Company when it "steals" his idea and uses it in their automobiles without paying him
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Delegated/Expressed to the Federal government
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The air force decides to build a new jet fighter
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Delegate/Expressed the Federal government
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The Federal government decides to contribute billions of dollars to the construction of the Metro system in the Washington Metropolitan area
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Delegated/Expressed to the Federal government
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Maryland decides that Montgomery County can elect its school board
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Reserved to the States
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The Federal Government allows the auto companies to protect themselves form financial collapse
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Delegated/Expressed to the Federal government
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It is decided that a tax will be created which is so high that is will keep foreign computer chips out of the country
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Delegated/Expressed to the Federal Government
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Maryland develops a system of "exit tests" called HSA's-to measure the competency of all graduates from high school
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Reserved to the States; Concurrent
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The government advertises the sale of "savings bonds" as an ideal way to teach children to save money
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Concurrent powers
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A person tried as an adult because he committed a murder when he was 12 in 1984, he is now, at the time of his trial, 37 years old
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Denied to both Federal and State governments
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Alaska and Hawaii become the 49th and 50th states, respectively
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Delegated/Expressed to the Federal Government
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The government seizes land from homeowners for the construction of a highway. They don't want to move-or sell their property-but, after being given market value for their property, they are required to do so
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Concurrent powers
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It is decided that in order to drive in Maryland, a teenager must have a period of "provisional" license with certain specified restrictions other drivers do not have
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Reserved to the States
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It is decided that Maryland will create a special court to deal with driving offenses-only
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Concurrent powers
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The Federal government decides that the District of Columbia's taxes are too high and lowers them
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Delegated/Expressed to the Federal government
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A law is passed which states that Joe Schmidt is guilty of importing illegal drugs and thus his house and other valuable property are seized
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Denied to both the Federal and State governments
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The murder of a Federal judge in Alabama is punished
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concurrent powers
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It is decided that there will be no waiting period for registration to vote
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Reserved to the States
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