Us History Vocab Chp 12

Front 1

Alsace-Lorraine

Back 1

A strip of land along Germany's border with France. The French people considered a matter of national pride. p416

Front 2

Mobilization

Back 2

The readying of troops for war.
p416

Front 3

National Security League

Back 3

Began in 1914. It was to promote patriotic education and national sentiment and service among people of the United States. p419

Front 4

Zimmerman Note

Back 4

A telegram sent by German's foreign secretary in 1917 to Mexican officials proposing an alliance with Mexico and promising U.S. territory if Mexico declared war on the United States. p424

Front 5

Russian Revolution

Back 5

Collapse of the czar's government in Russia in 1917, after which the Russian monoarchy was replaced with a republican government. p424

Front 6

City of Memphis, Illinois, Vigilancia

Back 6

Between March 16 and March 18, Germany sank the United States ships City of Memphis, Illinois and Vigilancia. p424

Front 7

American Expeditionary Force (AEF)

Back 7

Name given to American troops in Europe in World War I. p.425

Front 8

The Convoy System

Back 8

A convoy consisted of a group of unarmed ships surrounded by a ring of destroyers, torpedo boats and other armed naval vessels equipped with hydrophones to track and destroy submarines. p 426

Front 9

General John J. Pershing

Back 9

A veteran of the Spanish-American War, taught for a time at West Point. In June, President Wilson agreed to send a small force to Europe under his command. p425

Front 10

Zepplins

Back 10

German floating airships. p429

Front 11

Influenza Epidemic

Back 11

Killed more people worldwide than all of the wartime battles. The virus spread easily in crowded, unsanitary conditions. p430

Front 12

Genocide

Back 12

Organized killing of an entire people. p431

Front 13

War Industries Board

Back 13

Headed by financier Bernard Baruch, oversaw the nation's war-related production.

Front 14

National War Labor board

Back 14

Set up in April 1918 under President Taft, worked to settle any labor disputes that might disrupt the war effort. p433

Front 15

Herbert Hoover and the Food Administration

Back 15

Worked to increase farm output and reduce waste. p433

Front 16

Price Controls

Back 16

System of pricing determined by the government. p433

Front 17

Daylight Savings Time

Back 17

Turning clocks AHEAD by one hour for summer. p434

Front 18

Committe on Public Information & George Creel

Back 18

Creel, in 1917, a Denver journalist & former muckracker, was appointed the head of the Committee on Public Information. He rallied support for the war. Slogans were "Buy Bonds Till It Hurts" and "The Soldier Gives-You Must Lend".

Front 19

Espionage Act

Back 19

1917-Congress passed the Espionage Act which made it illegal to interfere with the draft. p435

Front 20

Sedition Act

Back 20

Made it illegal to obstruct the sale of Liberty Bonds or to discuss anything "disloyal, profane, scurrilous or abusive" about the American form of government, the Constitution, the army or the navy.

Front 21

Self Determination

Back 21

The power to make decisions about one's own future. p437

Front 22

Senator Henry Cabot Lodge

Back 22

Chair of the Foreign Relations Committee, led another group called the "reservationists". This group accepted the League of Nations but wanted to impose reservations or restrictions, on American participation. p440

Front 23

What were the main causes of World War II?

Back 23

The assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand. Imperialism, Militarism, Nationalism and a tangled system of alliances. p415

Front 24

In what ways did the US respond to the war in Europe?

Back 24

Most Americans opposed the Central Powers. Some American felt personally involved because of heritage.

Front 25

How did Germany's use of the u-boat affect the war?

Back 25

Short for Unterseeboot, or submarine, was a terrifying new weapon that changed the rules of naval warfare. Germany deployed them to prevent munitions and food from reaching Britian's port. Also enabled Germany to break a stalemate at sea.

Front 26

What steps did the government take to finance the war and manage the economy?

Back 26

Liberty Bonds-special war bonds to support the Allied cause. Called on industry to switch from producing commercial goods to war goods. Business leaders flocked to Washington to take up posts in thousands of new agencies. They gave their service for a token salary, they were called "dollar-a-year" men and women.

Front 27

How did the US prepare to fight in World War I?

Back 27

Congress passed a Selective Service Act in May 1917, authorizing a draft of young men for military service. Trained draftees at training camps on how to use a bayonet and a rifle, dig a trench, put on a gas mask, and throw a grenade. May 1917-all merchant and troop ships traveled in a convoy.

Front 28

What were the conditions like in Europe and in the United States at the end of the war?

Back 28

American losses were tiny compared with those suffered by the Europeans. The loss of their talents and abilities as well as the loss for future generations.

Front 29

How did the war change the lives of Americans on the home front?

Back 29

The war virtually stopped the flow of immigrants from Europe, and the armed forces had taken many young men out of the labor pool. Business' needed workers. Also, about 400,000 women joined the industrial work force for the first time.

Front 30

What expectations did Wilson and the Allies bring to the Paris Peace Conference?

Back 30

Wanted the Central Powers to pay for their part in the war with land,goods, livestock and money. They wanted to divide up Germany's colonies..Wilson was forced to compromise on the principles outlined in the Fourteen Points. He had to give up, the idea of respecting the rights of native people in Germany's colonies in Africa, China and the Pacific.

Front 31

What were the important provisions of the peace treaty?

Back 31

Creating nine new nations out of the territory of Austria-Hungary, Russia and Germany.

Front 32

In what ways did American troops help turn the tide of war?

Back 32

American forces came to the rescue. They helped the French save Paris, blunt the edge of the German advance. In mid-July, the Germans launched a massive attack on French positions on the river Marne. 28,000 American troops joined the counter-attach that forced the Germans back across the river and into retreat. The Second Battle of the Marne ended any hopes for victory.