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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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prince henry the navigator |
-followed the North Star, but once he got to the Equator in Africa, the star disappeared so he said that they can't go any further -he found gold and Africans and began trading with them -sold guns and alcohol for gold and slaves |
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Vasco da Gama |
-first European to sail from Africa into the Indian Ocean |
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Christopher Columbus |
-King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella wage war on Granada and conquer it -they expel the Islamic people and sold their wealth and used it to pay Columbus to get to "India" -by 1502, people are convinced that Columbus didn't make it to India, but America (a mapmaker) realized that Columbus made it to an unknown territory, which Spain plans to take over |
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Juan de Onate |
-Spanish conquistador -led a group of 400 soldiers, colonists, and missionaries north from Mexico to establish a permanent settlement (New Mexico) |
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Pope' |
-religious leader that held secret meetings in Pueblo communities -New Mexican Indians joined him in uprising (Pueblo Revolt) |
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Walter Raleigh |
-says that England needs to explore and create new colonies, but England is poor (Spain is wealthy and that's why they were able to expand) |
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John Smith |
-said that every man may be the master and owner of his own labor and land |
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Powhatan |
-prominent Indian leader -Pocahontas' dad |
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Nathaniel Bacon |
-leader of Bacon's rebellion -wealthy planter in Virginia -wanted to remove all Indians from the colony |
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John Winthrop |
-founder of the MA bay colony
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Roger Williams |
-arrived in Massachusetts and insisted that church and state be separated. He believed that everyone had the right to choose what they believed in. so he took that to rhode island. |
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Anne Hutchinson |
-she held religious discussions in her home because she felt that the ministers were falsely preaching.
-She believed that salvation was God’s direct gift to elect and could not be earned by being a hardworker and such. -She took over the Boston church. And Winthrop was outraged and then was placed on trial due to “expressing opinions dangerous to authorities” |
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King Phillip |
-he led a war for the Indians to drive out the English settlers out of southern new England. The fight lasted 14 months.
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William Penn |
-founder of Pennsylvania |
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James Edward Oglethorpe |
-military leader, established the colony of Georgia. Military and economic considerations were the principal factors for creating Georgia. King George the 2 granted charter for this new founding. |
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John Punch |
-African slave who lived in the colony of Virginia who fled to pursue freedom; but was captured within a few days. And was sentenced lifelong servitude. He was the first servants on record to be sentenced to slavery on the grounds of race.
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Frances Driggus |
.. |
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John Locke |
-philosopher who formed the foundation of enlightment in Europe -wrote about equality (all men are created equal and have the right to their life, liberty, and property) |
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Jonathan Edwards |
-christian preacher |
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Benjamin Franklin |
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George Washington |
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William Pitt |
-driving force for Britain behind the French and Indian War
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Samuel Adams |
-MA legislator -had a radical voice and spoke out |
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The Atlantic World |
-combination of western European, west African, and American people and culture -creation began in mid-fifteenth century -connections evolved from trade networks |
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Colombian Exchange |
-biological exchange between Europe and the Americas |
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characteristics of Spanish colonization |
-Sir Walter Raleigh and Roanoke Colony...Raleigh says that England needs to explore and create new colonies, but England is poor -Richard Hakluyt wrote "A Disclosure Concerning Western" and gave reasons to Queen Elizabeth why they need to expand new world colonization -some reasons...base to attack the Spanish in the New World, find the fabled Northwest passage, extend the influence of Protestantism, markets to sell English commodities (mercantilism), place to send the poor and unemployed |
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Mercantilism
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-economy relationship between a mother country and its colonies -called for the state to regulate industry and commerce (unfree trade) -goal was to enrich the national and create a favorable balance in trade -colonies supplied raw materials, the mother country made the products, and the products were sold to colonists for profit |
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Joint stock companies |
-private corporations in which merchants pooled their money and resources for investment purposes -usually operated independently from the govt -could maintain private armies |
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changes in Virginia after the Starving Time |
-shift toward agriculture and unfree labor -the economy before was based on treasure hunting -after the Starving Time, the focus is on agriculture and tobacco becomes the main cash crop -tobacco is a labor intensive plant, so they send poor people from England to do unfree labor |
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Indentured Servitude |
-someone who works for a certain number of years (7 years) to pay off the debt to come to the New World |
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Bacon's Rebellion |
-Virginia's govt dominated by wealthy planters -discontented farmers took up arms against the Natives |
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life in New England |
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Women and Witches in New England |
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Founding of Colonial Georgia |
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Pennsylvania's Early Legal System |
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Slaves of New Netherland |
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1662 Virginia Slave Law (how law determines who is a slave) |
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South Carolina's Economy |
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the Stono Rebellion |
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Impact of the First Great Awakening |
-began in MA in 1730's and spreads to southern colonies by 1750's -leads to revival churches called "non-conforming" churches and dissenters -members of these new churches were being arrested by the Puritans |
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Imperial rivalries in the 18th century |
-French are expanding and building fortifications, which causes panic in colonial America |
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British nationalism after the French and Indian War |
-imperial oppression/imperial reform begins in 1763 -several members of Parliament think that the colonies are too free, so they begin to restrict some liberties -they want the colonies to be dependant |
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consequences of the French and Indian War |
-VA govt raises the militia, then the taxes were raised |
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Boston Massacre |
-a soldier assaulted a man and hit him with a rifle, and a mob of people began surrounding the soldiers, so the soldiers started firing at the civilians and people are killed and wounded |
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sons of liberty |
-broke into ships and threw 90,000 lbs of tea into the water -Boston Tea Party |
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first continental congress |
-some organizers of Albany congress called for another meeting of colonial representatives -sought repeal of Coercive Acts because many were concerned about radicalism in Boston -first session in Philly, everyone came except GA -adopted declaration of rights and grievances -attempt to end mercantilism |
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Coercive Acts |
-aka intolerable acts -Boston Port Act-closed port of Boston until colonists pay east India company for losses -MA govt act-all of MA govt handed over to royal officials -administration of justice act-royal officials accused of crimes tried in England |
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Quebec Act |
-no local assembly and catholicism made official religion -not intended as a punishment for Bostonians -maintained loyalty of French Canadians, so they were given control of Ohio Valley to Quebec |
