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30 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What was the major reason for increased immigration to the colonies?
when Charles I clamped down on relgious freedom, Puritans sought New England in order to practice religion freely
Gov. John Winthrop cast the city as...?
a city upon a hill, a beacon for the rest of the world
Two-House General Court:
the upper house was an appointed Governor's council while the lower was elected (all voters were male church members)
New England Way (Puritan Orthodoxy)
a social norm that made the church clergy very powerful and gave them the ability to banish people who had differing religious views
Old Deluder Act (1647)
started public education with a religious basis
Roger Williams
dissented with Winthrop's semi-religious rule, so he was banished and founded Rhode Island
Anne Hutchinson
dissenter, advocated saintly predestination instead of behavior and was also a woman. Thus, banishment ensued and women were put into a less privileged situation.
Half-Way Covenant
let nonsaints become members of the church; struck a blow to the New England Way
Salem Witch Trials
used to primarily rid yourself of your opposition
Chesapeake Region
first to prosper due to tobacco (Virginia, Maryland); wealth was unequally collected until tobacco;
Charles I allowed a ______ assembly in 1628
democratic; it focused on taxing the tobacco in the Chesapeake area (esp. Virginia)
In the 1650s the democratic assembly split into two groups: ...
1) Elected House of Burgesses

2) Appointed Governors Council
Beginning of Colonialism in Maryland (1632)
started as a result of joint-stock companies but then due to proprietorships for politicians; became a refuge for English catholics
What made the transformation of manors to plantations easy in Maryland?
cheap land
Baltimore Religious Tolerance Act (1649)
drafter when the Protestants and Catholics in Baltimore began arguing over the shared use of St. Mary's chapel; later repealed when the Protestant group became less tolerant
When did the wealthy move to the fertile land near the rivers?
when tobacco prices plunged
Nate Bacon's Offensive Against Indians (1676)
led to the extermination of peaceful Indians; Gov. William Berkeley recalled Bacon's troops with second thoughts after authority was explanded
First Stage of Slavery Progression (1619-40)
racial differences were noted, but Africans were not automatically designated as slaves for life and some were indeed free
Second Stage of Slavery Progression (1640-60)
slavery became the unofficial norm
Final Stage of Slavery Progression (1660 onwards)
slavery became racially legal and being black or Indian was the defining element that made one a slave
Fur trading in PA, NY, NJ
fur market heavily favored the New Netherland-allied Iroquois, who were well supplied with private guns
Quakers in Penn
"inner light" inspiring everybody, including females and those at the bottom rungs of the economic ladder; did not bear arms; very tolerant
In the mid/late 1600s England focused on________ powers and making the colonies work for the motherland by wiping out all ________.
1) centralizing
2) democracy
When William and Mary took the throne from James II and Charles II, MA...
gained its own elections again, but was forced to be religiously tolerant and make property ownership (not church membership) the voting criterion
From 1689-1713 wars kept ____ into North America
spilling
Mercantalism: Navigation Acts 1660-1750:
swift production of the American merchant marine vessel; colonial exports, had to pass through England or Scotland; economy also diversified because goods previously obtained from foreign sources now produced by colonials; protective tariffs made America a plentiful source of cheap British goods; wealth distribution was not equal
Cause of Seven Years' War (1756-1763)
caused by France building forts to take control of Indian fur trade in PA
1765 Stamp Act
made Americans buy special paper and was an internal tax; uproar occured as Parliament grew distant from the colonies
1764 Sugar Act
banned American trade for revenue-raising to other countries and enforced the Molasses Act of 1733; lower tax was not an incentive for t3rade to stop since bribery was cheaper than even the lower tax; legal rights were taken away and made all trade routes from the colonies go through Britain
Writs of Assistance
search warrants to stop French trade with Americans