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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What was the major reason for increased immigration to the colonies?
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when Charles I clamped down on relgious freedom, Puritans sought New England in order to practice religion freely
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Gov. John Winthrop cast the city as...?
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a city upon a hill, a beacon for the rest of the world
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Two-House General Court:
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the upper house was an appointed Governor's council while the lower was elected (all voters were male church members)
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New England Way (Puritan Orthodoxy)
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a social norm that made the church clergy very powerful and gave them the ability to banish people who had differing religious views
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Old Deluder Act (1647)
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started public education with a religious basis
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Roger Williams
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dissented with Winthrop's semi-religious rule, so he was banished and founded Rhode Island
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Anne Hutchinson
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dissenter, advocated saintly predestination instead of behavior and was also a woman. Thus, banishment ensued and women were put into a less privileged situation.
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Half-Way Covenant
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let nonsaints become members of the church; struck a blow to the New England Way
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Salem Witch Trials
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used to primarily rid yourself of your opposition
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Chesapeake Region
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first to prosper due to tobacco (Virginia, Maryland); wealth was unequally collected until tobacco;
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Charles I allowed a ______ assembly in 1628
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democratic; it focused on taxing the tobacco in the Chesapeake area (esp. Virginia)
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In the 1650s the democratic assembly split into two groups: ...
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1) Elected House of Burgesses
2) Appointed Governors Council |
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Beginning of Colonialism in Maryland (1632)
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started as a result of joint-stock companies but then due to proprietorships for politicians; became a refuge for English catholics
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What made the transformation of manors to plantations easy in Maryland?
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cheap land
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Baltimore Religious Tolerance Act (1649)
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drafter when the Protestants and Catholics in Baltimore began arguing over the shared use of St. Mary's chapel; later repealed when the Protestant group became less tolerant
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When did the wealthy move to the fertile land near the rivers?
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when tobacco prices plunged
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Nate Bacon's Offensive Against Indians (1676)
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led to the extermination of peaceful Indians; Gov. William Berkeley recalled Bacon's troops with second thoughts after authority was explanded
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First Stage of Slavery Progression (1619-40)
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racial differences were noted, but Africans were not automatically designated as slaves for life and some were indeed free
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Second Stage of Slavery Progression (1640-60)
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slavery became the unofficial norm
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Final Stage of Slavery Progression (1660 onwards)
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slavery became racially legal and being black or Indian was the defining element that made one a slave
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Fur trading in PA, NY, NJ
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fur market heavily favored the New Netherland-allied Iroquois, who were well supplied with private guns
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Quakers in Penn
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"inner light" inspiring everybody, including females and those at the bottom rungs of the economic ladder; did not bear arms; very tolerant
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In the mid/late 1600s England focused on________ powers and making the colonies work for the motherland by wiping out all ________.
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1) centralizing
2) democracy |
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When William and Mary took the throne from James II and Charles II, MA...
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gained its own elections again, but was forced to be religiously tolerant and make property ownership (not church membership) the voting criterion
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From 1689-1713 wars kept ____ into North America
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spilling
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Mercantalism: Navigation Acts 1660-1750:
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swift production of the American merchant marine vessel; colonial exports, had to pass through England or Scotland; economy also diversified because goods previously obtained from foreign sources now produced by colonials; protective tariffs made America a plentiful source of cheap British goods; wealth distribution was not equal
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Cause of Seven Years' War (1756-1763)
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caused by France building forts to take control of Indian fur trade in PA
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1765 Stamp Act
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made Americans buy special paper and was an internal tax; uproar occured as Parliament grew distant from the colonies
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1764 Sugar Act
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banned American trade for revenue-raising to other countries and enforced the Molasses Act of 1733; lower tax was not an incentive for t3rade to stop since bribery was cheaper than even the lower tax; legal rights were taken away and made all trade routes from the colonies go through Britain
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Writs of Assistance
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search warrants to stop French trade with Americans
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